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1、3.8 主旨大意（二）語篇主旨 A 2019·吉林省吉林市高考英語一模 One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school? Listen—Listen when they are talking. Don't say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes it's

2、 not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings. Help them—If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first, but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra pen

3、cil or pen with you to classes in case they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need. Be there for them—Be there for your friends to help make them feel better in hard times. Marilyn Monroe, a famous U．S. actor, once said，“I often make mistakes. S

4、ometimes I am out of control. But if you can't stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best.” Always remember this! If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times, then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time! Make

5、plans—Try to make plans with your friends. Go shopping, go for ice creams, have a party, go to the movies and so on. Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy. By planning things together, you both can have a good time. And you'll remember these things when you're al

6、l old! 1．What should you do while your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings? A．Calm him or her down. B．Just listen unless asked. C．Share your feelings as well. D．Give him or her some advice. 2．What should we do when we provide help for our friends? A．Ignore their faults. B．Put

7、them before ourselves. C．Change their bad habits first. D．Try to do everything for them. 3．What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words? A. Life without a friend is death. B. A friend is easier lost than found. C. A man is known by his friends. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 4．What

8、 is probably the best title for the test? A．How to be a good friend. B．How to find a good friend. C．How to make more friends. D．How to help friends in trouble. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了友誼是生命中最重要的東西之一，讓自己成為一個好朋友要做到以下幾點：學會傾聽朋友的心聲；在朋友需要的時候幫助朋友；平時生活中為朋友著想，尤其在他們困難時；和朋友們一起做一些計劃。 1．B　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句

9、“Don't say anything unless they ask you a question.”可得知應該要學會傾聽，當朋友需要你說話時才開口。故選B。 2．B　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中第二句“You should try to put them first”看出，當朋友需要幫助時，你應該把朋友的事情放在第一位。故答案為B。 3．D　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Marilyn Monroe 說的話“I often make mistakes.Sometimes I am out of control.But if you can't stay with me at

10、 my worst，you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best.”可知如果你不能在朋友最困難的時候幫助他，那你也不配做他的朋友，患難見真情。故選D。 4．A　【解析】標題歸納題。文章開篇明義“In order to have friends，you have to be a friend.”概述了我們要努力成為一個合格的朋友，下文的內容都是在講如何成為一個稱職的朋友。故選A。 B It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the grea

11、t speed of modern life, but manners on the road are being horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would be fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter altogether. Road politeness is not only good manners, bu

12、t good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answe

13、r to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic condition. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it. However, misplaced politeness can als

14、o be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to. It always amazes me that the high

15、ways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies. An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can't eve

16、n learn to drive. Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart. 5. According to the passage, troubles on the road are often caused by________. A．road conditi

17、ons B．the behavior of the drivers C．the speed of modern life D．the large number of cars 6. In the writer's opinion, ___________. A．unskillful drivers should be punished B．strict traffic rules are badly needed C．drivers should show road politeness properly D．drivers should avoid traffic jams

18、 7. The underlined word “give-and-take” in the last paragraph means__________. A．politeness and impoliteness B．good manners and bad manners C．willingness to give in to each other's wishes D．offering help to others as much as possible 8. What is the best title of the passage? A．Traffic Problems

19、 B．Road Politeness C．Bad Manners on the Road D．Good Drivers and Bad Drivers [語篇解讀]　本文是議論文。文章分析了道路禮儀在交通運行中的作用以及司機不良的交通禮儀所造成的后果，從而要求司機遵守交通規(guī)則、司機之間互相理解和謙讓，創(chuàng)造一個和諧安全的交通氛圍。 5．B　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第一句以及第二段的第二句可知：交通麻煩往往是由司機的不良行為造成的。故答案為B。 6．C　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句以及第三段的第一句可知：司機應該在交通禮儀方面表現(xiàn)恰當。其它三項文章沒有提到。 7．C

20、　【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前后的內容表述可知：司機駕車時應該互相理解和謙讓，故答案為C項。 8．B　【解析】標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段也就是主題段的提示以及下文各段的敘述可知全文都是圍繞“道路禮儀”這個主題展開的。其它三項內容都比較片面，不能概括文章大意。 C These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint.Green buildings can also refer to environmentally friendly houses，factories，and offices. Gre

21、en buildings mean “reducing the effect of the building on the land”，Taryn Holowka of the U．S.Green Building Council (評議會) in Washington，D.C.，said.According to Holowka，building accounts for 65 percent of total U．S.electricity use. But green buildings can reduce energy and water use.Also，the building

22、s are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways，so that people can drive their cars less.That could be good for the environment，because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution.Green buildings are often built on developed land，so that the buildings don't destroy forests.

23、 Marty Dettling is project manager for a building that puts these ideas into action.The Solaire has been called the country's first green high-rise building.According to Dettling，“We've reduced our energy use by one-third and our water by 50 percent.” The Solaire cuts energy in part by using solar

24、power.“On the face of the building we have solar panels (光板) which change the sun's energy into electricity，” Dettling explained. The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room.In addition，the building has lots of windows，allowing people to use the sun for light

25、during the day.The Solaire cuts water by reusing it. Not everyone is eager to move into a green building，however.Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than traditional energy sources.Anyhow，Holowka said，“It's going to be big.” 9．A green building means ________. A．a(chǎn) build

26、ing that uses no electricity B．a(chǎn) building that saves energy and water C．a(chǎn) building occupying less land D．a(chǎn) green-colored building 10．A green building is often built on an area of land ________. A．which has already been for buildings B．which has thick forests around C．where people of high inco

27、me live D．where traveling around by car is most convenient 11．When Holowka says “It's going to be big.”in the last paragraph, she means that green buildings ________. A．will be more comfortable B．will be more environmentally friendly C．will become popular in future D．will take the place of tra

28、ditional buildings 12．Which is the main idea of the passage? A．Dettling designed the first green building in the U.S. B．Energy shortage calls for buildings of new design. C．The Solaire serves as a model of high buildings. D．Green buildings help save the environment. [語篇解讀]　本文是說明文。介紹了綠色建筑。在建筑的壽命周期內，最大限度地節(jié)約資源(節(jié)能、節(jié)地、節(jié)水、節(jié)材)、保護環(huán)境和減少污染，為人們提供健康、實用和高效地使用空間，與自然和諧共處。 9．B　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句和第三段第一句可知，綠色建筑為節(jié)約能源和水的環(huán)保建筑。 10．A　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句可知，綠色建筑常建在已經(jīng)開發(fā)過的土地上，以便不再毀壞森林。 11．C　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)語境可推知，綠色建筑是今后的發(fā)展方向，從長遠來看將會普及和流行。 12．D　【解析】文章大意題。從全文來看，本文主要話題是“綠色建筑有助于環(huán)保、節(jié)能”。 6