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1、題型組合練(五)閱讀理解閱讀七選五.閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2019福建三校聯(lián)考)The things that kids choose to play with can affect our earth.The manufacturing of toys and games can produce harmful pollution and nonbiodegradable waste，which is harmful for our planet.But some toymakers are creating items for kid
2、s that aim higher.They use natural or nonharmful materials，and find ways to reuse and recycle.Toys and kits(成套工具)can also teach kids about environmentally friendly solutions.Here are a few of our favorite lowimpact，fun toys.Test the waterWater is the earths most precious natural resource.Many people
3、 take it for granted，but not everybody in the world has access to clean water.Learn about the science behind one solution with Thames & Kosmos Global Water Quality Experiment Kit.The kit comes with tools and instructions for conducting eight important experiments including testing the quality of wat
4、er and making dirty water cleaner.($15)Plant tomatoesWhen communities in dry，desert regions experience drought，it impacts their agricultural practices.Learn about water preservation and grow delicious cherry tomatoes with Back to the Roots SelfWatering Tomato Planter.It features technology that Afri
5、can desert farmers have been using for thousands of years：a miniature clay pot releases water，but only when the surrounding soil has dried up.($30)Draw with veggiesWee Can Toos Veggie Sidewalk Chalk is made from fruit and vegetable powdersits practically safe to eat！The chalk，created using environme
6、ntally friendly ingredients，has none of the chemicals found in your typical sidewalk chalk.When the rain comes and washes away your masterpiece，no harmful pollutants will be entering the environment.($120)Create with cardboardWhen cardboard breaks down in a landfill，it creates methane，a major greenh
7、ouse gas that contributes to global warming.Recycled cardboard can be transformed into a work of art with the Cardboard Tool Kit from UncommonGoods.The kit comes with 28 reusable parts for fastening cardboard pieces together.Now let your imagination go wild！($13)1What is special about Back to the Ro
8、ots small clay pot?AIt is very pretty.BIt is a recent invention.CIt can improve tomatoes taste.DIt uses technology against drought.2Which product needs users to be imaginative?ACardboard Tool Kit.BVeggie Sidewalk Chalk.CSelfWatering Tomato Planter.DGlobal Water Quality Experiment Kit.3What do the fo
9、ur products have in common?AThey are hard to use.BThey are earthfriendly toys.CThey are good for kids health.DThey are great choices for art lovers.體裁：應(yīng)用文題材：廣告主題：四種環(huán)保的兒童玩具【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇廣告類應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四種環(huán)保的兒童玩具，包括玩具名稱、設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)、材料來(lái)源以及價(jià)格等。1解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段尾句“It features technology that African desert farmers have
10、been using for thousands of years：a miniature clay pot releases water，but only when the surrounding soil has dried up”可知，該玩具的特點(diǎn)是使用了非洲沙漠地區(qū)的農(nóng)民已經(jīng)使用了數(shù)千年的技術(shù)：當(dāng)周圍的土壤干涸時(shí)，微型陶罐才可以放水。據(jù)此可推知，這種玩具的特點(diǎn)是使用了抗旱技術(shù)，故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D2解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段的內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一句“Now let your imagination go wild！”可知，Cardboard Tool Kit可以充分發(fā)揮人的想象力，故A項(xiàng)
11、正確。答案：A3解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四、五句“They use natural or nonharmful materials，and find ways to reuse and recycle.Toys and kits(成套工具)can also teach kids about environmentally friendly solutions”，并結(jié)合四種玩具的特點(diǎn)介紹可知，這四種玩具的共同點(diǎn)是環(huán)保，故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：BB(2019廣州調(diào)研測(cè)試)Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris，a small m
12、etal cylinder(圓柱體)rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars.It has lain there for more than a century，and its rest was only occasionally disturbed when the rooms three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.First，th
13、e cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft，alcohol soaked cloth.Then it is steamed with pure water.Finally，the 1kg cylinder is returned，carefully，to its resting place.Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual，but has a purpose.The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and
14、that piece of shining，circular metal is its precious relic.It is the defining mass(質(zhì)量)against which all other kilograms are measured.This is the international prototype(樣本)，or standard，of the kilogramthe IPK，in short.Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made.They are stored
15、around the world and used to standardise individual nations weights and measures systems.But the days of the IPK，in its current form，are numbered. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurementbased on electri
16、c currentsin order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned. “One key reason for doing this work is to provide international security，”says Paul Robinson，the spokesman of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.“If the castle burned down tomorrow and t
17、he kilogram was destroyed，we would have no reference left for the worlds metric weights system.There would be chaos.The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder in Paris，after all.”Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carr
18、y out more and more precise measurements. “Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gram，”says Robinson.“We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”4What do we know about the
19、IPK from the first two paragraphs?AIts cared for with great devotion.BIts used in various ceremonies. CIts beautifully designed and decorated.DIts the most valuable metal in the world.5Which of the following best explains “dethroned” underlined in Paragraph 5 ?ARebuilt.BRemoved.CDestroyed. DUpgraded
20、.6What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?ATo protect the metal cylinder from damage. BTo make taking measurements more economical.CTo provide all countries with the same standard. DTo satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.7What can be a suitable title for the text?ANo more kilosBA meas
21、urement technologyCThe future of the kiloDThe history of measures體裁：說(shuō)明文題材：社會(huì)生活主題：“千克”的未來(lái)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了位于巴黎國(guó)際度量衡局的珍貴的“千克”樣本，該樣本是一個(gè)金屬圓柱體，它已經(jīng)有一個(gè)多世紀(jì)的歷史。這個(gè)“千克”樣本是世界各地“千克”的參照物，有著重要的意義；但隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們需要更加精確的測(cè)量結(jié)果，所以“千克”在未來(lái)將面臨變革。4解析：推理判斷題。通讀第一段的內(nèi)容可知，該“千克”樣本被放在巴黎的一個(gè)美麗的城堡里，并置于鐘形玻璃罩下面；并結(jié)合第二段的內(nèi)容可知：技術(shù)人員用一塊柔軟的、被
22、酒精浸泡過(guò)的布擦它，然后用純水蒸的方式清理它，最后小心地將它放回原來(lái)的位置。據(jù)此可以判斷，這個(gè)“千克”樣本被用心地照看著，故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A5解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurementbased on electric currentsin order to define the mass of an object”可知，國(guó)際度
23、量衡局決定用一種更基本的基于電流的測(cè)量(方法)來(lái)代替這個(gè)單一的物理樣本，以確定一個(gè)物體的質(zhì)量；結(jié)合該段第三句“The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned”可推知，該“千克”之王即將被廢黜；故畫線詞與B項(xiàng)“免除，解除(職務(wù)等)”意思最相近，故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B6解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第一句“Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise
24、 measurements”可知，更換國(guó)際千克樣本的另一個(gè)主要原因是社會(huì)需要越來(lái)越精確的測(cè)量結(jié)果，目前的IPK已經(jīng)不能滿足社會(huì)的需要，故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D7解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了收藏在巴黎的一座城堡中的“千克”樣本，該樣本在未來(lái)將面臨變革。故C項(xiàng)最適合作本文標(biāo)題。答案：CC(2019鄭州質(zhì)量檢測(cè))My son Sam is 16 and autistic(自閉癥的)Theres a lot going on in that beautiful and brilliant mind of his，but even on a good day he can be easil
25、y at a loss.Throw in some diagnosed anxiety，an inability to read social cues(提示)and an unexpected change to his daily routine，and you have the way to deal with a very public breakdown(精神崩潰)It was Sams very first day at high school.Wed set up a plan for how hed get home：Id pick him up outside the sho
26、p near his school at 3：30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan.Unknown to me，very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warn him to take shelter.With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead car battery.I was running late and unable to communicate that to him.As a result，h
27、e was left alone and extremely frightened.He became very upset outside the shop，exactly where Id told him to wait.This was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to check on him，but took him inside her shop，calmed him down，got my phone number from him and called me.Five years later he
28、continued to go into her shop every afternoon，bought a drink，had a chat and she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation.Sam will graduate this year，and Im increasingly feeling the need to drop by the shop to let this wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam，and that she ha
29、s saved me.Im not sure if I can communicate all of this，but at least I will get to thank her.There are people I will not get to thank，thoughthe many kind strangers who have been there for Sam.And believe me，if youre wondering if this world is a complete mess right now，Im here to say that it is not.S
30、o I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart.Please know you are appreciated，and that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated，and perhaps unknowingly，you have made a great difference in someones life.8What can we learn about S
31、am from the first paragraph?AHe is rather slow with his studies.BHe can deal with sudden changes well.CHe has difficulty in dealing with things.DHe tries hard to learn how to read social cues.9The underlined part “check on” in Paragraph 4 probably means“_”Adiscover BvisitCrecognize Dexamine10What ha
32、ppened to Sam after his first day at high school?AHe could get on well with his classmates.BHe made good friends with the nice lady.CHe brought the lady some food to thank her.DHe became willing to communicate with others.11What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo express her thanks to
33、 kind people.BTo remind us all to help autistic people. CTo show how difficult life is for autistic people.DTo tell us how to make a difference in others lives.體裁：記敘文題材：日常生活主題：一封感謝信【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講述了作者患有自閉癥的兒子在生活中得到諸多陌生好心人的幫助，作者以此向人們表達(dá)真誠(chéng)感謝。8解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Throw in some diagnosed anxiety，an inability
34、to read social cues(提示)and an unexpected change to his daily routine，and you have the way to deal with a very public breakdown(精神崩潰)”可知，薩姆應(yīng)對(duì)日常生活有困難，故選C。答案：C9解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前三段的內(nèi)容可知，薩姆患有自閉癥，并結(jié)合第四段可知，商店的主人，一個(gè)越南的老太太出來(lái)看了看薩姆，然后把他帶到商店里，使他鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)，并和作者取得了聯(lián)系，由此可推知，畫線部分意為“查看”，與D項(xiàng)意思相近，故選D。答案：D10解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知，薩姆
35、在受到商店老太太的幫助之后經(jīng)常會(huì)去商店里與她交流，由此可推知，他和老太太成了好朋友，故選B。答案：B11解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart”，并結(jié)合對(duì)本段的整體理解可推知，作者寫本文的目的是感謝那些曾經(jīng)幫助過(guò)陌生人的好心人，故選A。答案：A.閱讀七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2019石家莊高三模擬)As new ca
36、r prices continue to climb，you can find reliable but cheap used cars for sale.Many are readily available online，but car lots and local auto auctions(拍賣)also provide excellent sources for inexpensive vehicles.Here are the tips.Search online_1_，some sites specialize in automotive sales and may contain
37、 hundreds of local lists.Private sellers may offer considerably lower prices for their cars than a dealer and be more receptive to negotiation.You will find dealer lists on these sites as well.Visit local auctionsThough many car auctions take place online，you still can find a cheap used car at a spe
38、cialized auto auction.These auctions，available in many bigger cities，are the same ones where local dealers purchase cars for sale._2_，so check with your local auto auction center to confirm._3_Many organizations that manage a fleet of vehicles sell their used cars when they remove them from active s
39、ervice.Car rental companies frequently sell late model，relatively low mileage former rental cars for well below the price a dealer would charge for a similar vehicle.For a very cheap used car，consider buying retired police cars and government surplus vehicles._4_Be prepared to negotiate_5_，you likel
40、y will have the opportunity to negotiate for a lower sales price.When negotiating with a dealer，according to the financial magazine Forbes，you may be able to get the lowest possible price on the last day of the month，a day with poor weather，or late at night on the weekend.Negotiations with a private
41、 seller often are more direct and consist of simply offering your ideal and reasonable price.AConsider retired vehiclesBAsk advice from local dealersCThese cars will help you save a lotDUnless you buy your used car in an auctionERules can vary significantly from auction to auctionFWhen you find a ch
42、ance to ask about the local situationGMany private individuals start with online classified websites 體裁：說(shuō)明文題材：日常生活主題：二手車【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了購(gòu)買廉價(jià)二手車的攻略。1解析：根據(jù)空后的“some sites specialize in automotive sales and may contain hundreds of local lists”可推知，一些網(wǎng)站專門提供售車信息而且可能包含數(shù)以百計(jì)的當(dāng)?shù)氐能囕v清單，因此從分類網(wǎng)站著手是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇，所以選G選
43、項(xiàng)。答案：G2解析：根據(jù)空后的“so check with your local auto auction center to confirm”可推知，汽車拍賣行很多，規(guī)定也各不相同，因此要去當(dāng)?shù)氐钠嚺馁u中心確認(rèn)才行，所以選E選項(xiàng)。 答案：E3解析：根據(jù)空處所在的位置及文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為段落小標(biāo)題，并結(jié)合對(duì)本段的整體理解可推知，本段主要推薦了被很多組織清除出來(lái)進(jìn)行銷售的二手車，故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。本段中的“retired police cars”也是提示。 答案：A4解析：承接上文“For a very cheap used car，consider buying retired police cars and government surplus vehicles” 可推知，這些車比較便宜，可以節(jié)省不少費(fèi)用。所以C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。答案：C5解析：根據(jù)空后的“you likely will have the opportunity to negotiate for a lower sales price”并結(jié)合上文推薦去拍賣行購(gòu)車可推知，不去拍賣行購(gòu)車的話，你將有可能和銷售商談成較低的購(gòu)車價(jià)，所以選D選項(xiàng)。答案：D9
2020屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型組合練（五）新人教版
