2018屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Names學(xué)案 重慶大學(xué)版選修8

Unit 1　Names一、單詞——寫 得 準用 得 活(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1.sayvt.　　　　　　　　表示；表明2.open-mindedadj. 虛心的，思想開明的3.polishvt. 修改；潤色4.featurevt. 以……為特色5.conveyvt. 傳達6.highlightvt. 使顯著，突出7.respected adj.受人敬重的→respectableadj.值得敬重的→respectfuladj.恭敬的，表示尊敬的→respectvt.&n．尊敬，尊重8.childish adj.孩子氣的，幼稚的→childn．小孩9.true adj.真實的，真的→truthn．事實，真理，真實，真相→truthfuladj.誠實的10.shorten vi./vt.縮短，(使)變短→shortadj.短的11.adapt vt.改編→adaptationn．改編本；適應(yīng)12.exaggerate vi./vt.夸大，夸張→exaggerationn．夸張13.lengthen vi./vt.(使)加長，使延長 →longadj.長的→lengthn．長度14.forgetful adj.健忘的，疏忽的→forgetv．忘記→forgettableadj.可忘的，可忘記的，易被忘記的15.courageous adj.勇敢的，有膽量的→couragen．勇氣16.indicate vt.指出，顯示，預(yù)示→indicationn．指示，跡象，暗示1.Evidently, realizing this difference and trying to shorten (short) this gap is the key to achieving our accomplishment.2.He promised that this type of childish (child) behavior would not happen again.3.This book is copyright protected, so no adaptation (adapt) should be made without the writer's permission.4.It is no exaggeration (exaggerate) at all to say that good books are both our best teachers and friends.5.The young man was courageous (courage) enough to break away from traditional ideas.6.It is our duty to understand truth and act in a truthful manner in our communication.(true)7.The length of the rope is not enough, so try to lengthen it.(long)8.He is so forgetful a man that it is quite possible for him to have forgotten the appointment for such things are forgettable.(forget) 9.Teachers are respectable in our country. Students respect their teachers and listen to them in school in respectful ways.(respect)?1.后綴-ful形容詞清單①respectful　　　　　恭敬的②truthful 誠實的③forgetful 健忘的④helpful 有幫助的 ⑤skillful 有技巧的⑥meaningful 有意義的⑦careful 仔細的2.盤點ex-開頭動詞①exaggerate　　　　夸大，夸張②exchange 交換；交流③exist 存在；生存④expose 暴露；顯露⑤explode 爆炸；爆裂3．常見合成形容詞大全①open-minded 虛心的②absent-minded 心不在焉的③quick-minded　　思維敏捷的④narrow-minded 心胸狹窄的⑤broken-hearted 心碎的⑥kind-hearted 心地善良的⑦light-hearted 心情輕松的4．后綴-ish形容詞全掃描①childish 孩子氣的②selfish 自私的③foolish 傻的，笨的④bookish 書呆子氣的二、短語——寫 得 準用 得 活(選用左欄短語填空)1.go_with　　　　　　　 伴隨，與……相配2.tell_..._apart 區(qū)分，辨別3.make_up 虛構(gòu)，拼湊；化妝；和解4.become_known_(as) (以……)出名5.by_name 憑名字；用……的名字6.be_short_for_sth. 簡略的；縮寫的7.used_to 過去常常，習(xí)慣于8.be_characterized_by……的特點在于9.in_general 通常，大體上，一般而言10.divide_into 分成11.borrow_from 從……借入1.Your new coat goes_with your black boots; you look very pretty.2.The library is divided_into different zones, so it's easy for you to find what you need.3.As is known to all, the UN is_short_for the United Nations.4.I know him only by_name,_so I am not familiar with him.5.In_general,_one of the best ways to deal with anxiety is to exercise.?1.“v.＋with”短語小結(jié)①go with　　　　　　與……相配②agree with 與……一致③compete with 與……競爭④cope with 應(yīng)付，對付⑤deal with 與……打交道2.“by＋n.”短語薈萃①by name　　　　　憑名字②by force 用武力③by nature 天生地；生性④by birth 生來；在血統(tǒng)上三、句式——背 原 句明 句 式學(xué) 仿 寫1.Names are the quickest and easiest — as well as friendliest — way to say who's who ...名字是最快捷、最容易，也是最友好的說明誰是誰的方法……as well as “也，又，還”，可以作介詞，也可以作連詞，連接相同的句子成分。

我們不僅可以更多地了解偉人的生活而且可以了解其他國家的歷史和文化We can know more about the life of great people as_well_as_history_and_cultures_of_other_countries.2.It is not unusual to see men and women rushing down the street on a sunny morning with umbrellas under their arms.在晴朗的早上看到手臂下夾著雨傘在街上匆匆而過的男男女女并非罕見It is not unusual to ...是雙重否定句型表示肯定意義，意為“……并不稀奇/很平?！比藗儞Q職業(yè)是一件很平常的事 It_is_not_unusual for people to change careers.第一板塊核心單詞歸納集釋1．say vt.表示；表明，指明；預(yù)報，報道；假設(shè)；說[經(jīng)典例句]　I would like to say how much we appreciate your hard work.我想說我們對你的辛勤勞動非常感謝。

say hello to sb.　　　　向某人問好I dare say 我敢說；我想(插入語)not to say ... 更不用說……that is to say 換句話說，也就是說It's said that ... 據(jù)說……①It_is_said_that the new mayor will come into power next month.據(jù)說新市長下個月將上任②They left two weeks ago; that_is_to_say,_they have been away for two weeks.他們兩周前離開了，也就是說，他們已經(jīng)離開兩周了2．a(chǎn)dapt vt.使適應(yīng)；改編[高考佳句]　Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.(2013·浙江高考)因為我們的身體適應(yīng)我們對它做的任何事情1)adapt (oneself) to　　　　　　使……適應(yīng)于……adapt sth.from 根據(jù)……改編某物be adapted for 為……而改寫/改編(2)adaptation n. 適應(yīng)；改編；改寫本make a good adaptation to ... 很適應(yīng)……(3)adaptable adj. 能適應(yīng)的；可修改的①The TV series RedSorghumadapted (adapt) from Mo Yan's novel of the same name has been shown on many TV channels.由莫言同名小說改編的電視劇《紅高粱》已在許多電視臺播放過了。

②It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014·福建高考單選)是文化而不是語言使得他很難適應(yīng)國外的新環(huán)境3．convey vt.傳達；運送，輸送；表達；轉(zhuǎn)讓(財產(chǎn))[教材原句]　Performers also use their eyes and facial expressions to helpconvey the specific meaning.表演者也可以運用眼神和面部表情幫助表達具體的意思1)convey one's feelings/meanings表達感情/意思convey sth.to sb. 向某人表達/傳達某物(2)convey sb./sth.from A to B 把某人或某物從A地 運送到B地①It's said that a bus will convey us from hotel to the scenery spot.據(jù)說，一輛巴士將把我們從賓館送到景點②In this letter, I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your assistance/help.對于您的幫助，我想在這封信中表達對您衷心的感謝。

Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點全練(單句語法填空/補全句子)1．A notice has been put up on the blackboard, saying (say) that our holiday will be put off.2．A good teacher must know how to convey his ideas to his students.3．My father became forgetful (forget) these days because of the negative effect of the medicine.4．Respected_guests (尊敬的來賓), welcome to live in our hotel.5．It is reported that it was smoking that shortened_her_life (縮短了她的生命)．Ⅱ.重難點多練adapt全接觸(1)介詞填空①It is never easy to adapt to big changes. Those who can do it faster are more likely to succeed.②The author is going to adapt his stories for television.③The new film is said to be adapted from a famous novel of the same name.(2)一句多譯他迅速適應(yīng)了那兒的生活方式。

④He quickly adapted_himself_to the way of life there.(adapt v．)⑤He quickly adapted_to the way of life there.(adapt v．)⑥He made_a_quick_adaptation_to the way of life there.(adaption n．)(3)對比填空⑦The film TinyTimes is adapted (adapt) from Guo Jingming's novel of the same name.⑧The film TinyTimes is an adaptation (adapt) of Guo Jingming's novel of the same name.Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練根據(jù)語境選出say的詞性和詞義(A)vt.表明　　　　(B)vt.假設(shè)　　　　(C)vt.說(D)n.發(fā)言權(quán) (E)n.意見1．Just say you won the lottery — what would you do？__B__2．Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.__C__3．The fact that she never apologises says a lot about what kind of person she is.__A__4．Don't interrupt her; let her have her say.__E__5．We are considering giving them greater say in such matters.__D__第二板塊短語句型歸納集釋1．make up占，形成，構(gòu)成；彌補；編造；整理；化妝；和解；組成；虛構(gòu)；拼湊[經(jīng)典例句]　He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.他編了個借口，說他的女兒病倒了。

[一詞多義]　寫出下列句中make up的含義①They made up for their inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson.彌補②They quarrelled the other day but they made up soon.和解③Leave this notice hanging on your door, asking the servant to make up your room.整理④I don't like to see women making up in public.化妝⑤Farm workers make uponly a small section of the population.占，構(gòu)成⑥D(zhuǎn)on'tmake up any excuse for your being late again.編造，虛構(gòu)make out　　　　　(費力)理解；假裝；辨認出；看清楚make it 取得成功；準時到達；做到了be made up of 由……組成make for 移向；走向，促成；有利于make up for 彌補，補償make up one's mind 下決心；決定⑥They'll do all they can to make up for the economic losses. 他們要盡一切力量彌補這些經(jīng)濟損失。

⑦I made up my mind to_study (study) harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things.(2015·湖南高考書面表達)我已下定決心更加努力學(xué)習(xí)而不是把寶貴的時間浪費在這些無用的事情上2．be short for是……的縮寫/簡稱[教材原句]　One of the most common names in the English language is Smith, which is short for blacksmith.英語中最常見的一個姓是史密斯，史密斯是“鐵匠”的簡略形式be short of　　　　　　缺少……；缺乏……for short 簡略為，簡稱為in short＝in a few words＝briefly 簡言之，總而言之to be short 簡單地說①It is believed that the young graduates are_short_of patience and persistence.人們認為，年輕的畢業(yè)生們?nèi)狈δ托暮鸵懔Β贗n England, people usually call me Jim for_short.在英格蘭，人們通常簡略地稱我為“吉姆”。

3．It_is_not_unusual_to_see men and women rushing down the street on a sunny morning with umbrellas under their arms. 在晴朗的早上看到手臂下夾著雨傘在街上匆匆而過的男男女女并非罕見句中It is not unusual to see ...是雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)，not unusual“并非罕見”雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)常表示肯定意義1)常見的雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)還有：no (not)等＋表示否定意義的形容詞　　　　　　　　　　沒有……不……no (never) ... without ... 沒有……不……；除…… 不……(2)常見的用否定形式表示肯定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)有：cannot ... too ... 無論怎樣……也不為過cannot wait to do sth. 急于做某事cannot help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事①It_is_not_unusual to throw rubbish everywhere in some places.在一些地方，隨處扔垃圾并非罕見。

②With so many cars running in the streets, as a new driver, never_can_you_be_too_cautious in order not to scratch others' cars.街上有這么多的車子在行駛，為了不刮碰別人的車，作為新手司機的你再怎么小心謹慎也不為過Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點全練1．單句語法填空①The two paintings look so much alike that I can't tell the authentic painting from the modern copy.②I never used to_enjoy (enjoy) science，but last year I changed schools, and the science teachers at my new school were excellent.③He has fame, money, and everything that goes with it.④It is not unusual for students to_play (play) phones instead of reading books.⑤It's no use complaining without taking any action.2．運用所學(xué)短語完成片段I have a friend whose name is Rob, which ①is_short_for (是……的縮寫) Robert. He comes from Australia. He has a twin brother, and I can't ②tell_them_apart (區(qū)分他們). He ③is_known_as (以……出名) an expert in the English language. I haven't seen him for many years, but I came across him in the street yesterday. He still ④stays_the_same (保持不變). He told me that he lives in Shanghai now. He has ⑤been_used_to (習(xí)慣于) living there. I was very happy to see him again.Ⅱ.重難點多練1．short相關(guān)短語多棱鏡補全句子①UK是聯(lián)合王國的簡略形式。

UK is_short_for the United Kingdom. ②加拿大國家電視塔位于多倫多市中心，通常簡稱為CN塔Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Tower for_short.③總之，他是我見過最有前途的學(xué)生之一 In_short,_he is one of the most promising students I've ever known.2．make相關(guān)短語點點練(1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Five players make up the basketball team.①The basketball team is_made_up_of five players.②The basketball team is_composed_of five players.③The basketball team consists_of five players.(2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段I have ④made_up_my_mind (下定決心) to ⑤make_up_for (彌補) the lost time. So I have made a plan, which ⑥is_made_up__of_three_parts (由三部分組成). To carry it out better, I want you to supervise (監(jiān)督) me. You can go through it. If there is something that you can't ⑦make_out (理解), I will explain it to you. I believe that I will ⑧make_it (做到) with your help. [課堂練牢基礎(chǔ)]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．As far as I know, he is going to adapt his novel for TV play.2．Chengdu is famous for various kinds of snacks.They are prepared in different ways, featuring (feature) different tastes, good quality and low prices.3．When you reach the other end of the bridge, I will_be_waiting (wait) right there to show you the way.4．The flight leaves in twenty minutes — we'll never make it.5．Caroline doesn't have a gift for music, but she makes up for it with hard work.(2014·大綱卷單選)6．We will convey these children to the airport by bus.7．In short, the girl insisted that she did not know them.8．As is known to us, England can be divided into three main areas.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Mary as well as I have been to the Great Wall.have→has2．“It's pity that you didn't come to the party，” she said in a low voice.pity前加a_3．I'll see you in a week, it is to say next Monday.it→that4．Not only has she adapted her to the fast rhythm of city life, but she is becoming more and more outgoing.her→herself5．Mr. Li, conveyed his disappointment with our job, marched out of the room with anger.conveyed_前加having6．She was used to receive admiring glances from others.receive→receivingⅢ.用本單元所學(xué)知識完成寫作訓(xùn)練(一)依據(jù)提示補全短文My English teacher comes_from (來自) London. She is kind and generous to us, but (but/so/as) her family used_to (過去) be very poor. Although her dress is always common, her pink shoes match her dress well. She often makes_up (編造) funny stories to amuse us. She is known for her sense of humor. ①Her class is not only interesting but also lively, so we are all interested in her class. ②With her help, we have made great progress in English. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑部分(1)common→plain(2)match→go_with_2．按要求改寫句式(1)用as well as 改寫句①Her_class_is_lively_as_well_as_interesting,_so_we_are_all_interested_in_her_class.(2)用雙重否定句式改寫句②Without_her_help,_we_couldn't_have_made_great_progress_in_English.[課下練熟高考]閱讀理解提速練——練速度(限時：20分鐘)A(2017·河南省洛陽市統(tǒng)一考試)Heritage is our legacy (遺產(chǎn)) from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage are both irreplaceable (無可取代的) sources of life and inspiration. Places as unique and diverse as the Pyramids of Egypt, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Great Wall of China make up our world's heritage. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) seeks to encourage the identification, protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. This is embodied in an international treaty called the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, adopted by UNESCO in 1972.How does a place become a World Heritage Site? It takes a lot of people to decide. 1)If a country wants one of its places to be on the World Heritage List, it has to ask UNESCO. The place must be important and special. UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.2)The World Heritage Committee of UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to decide.3)After a new place goes on the list, UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger. UNESCO gives special care and help to those places. 4)Countries have to give UNESCO regular reports about places on the list. If UNESCO thinks a country isn't taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。

文章告訴我們什么是遺產(chǎn)，如何申請遺產(chǎn)，并呼吁人們保護遺產(chǎn)1．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1?A．To tell us what is heritage. B．To stress the importance of heritages. C．To explain the aims of protecting heritages. D．To introduce some places of interest in the world.解析：選A　段落大意題本段主要解釋了什么是遺產(chǎn)及其大體分類，并列舉了幾個世界遺產(chǎn)的例子，所以A項正確2．About cultural and natural heritage around the world, UNESCO encourages all the following EXCEPT________.A．identification　　　　　 B．a(chǎn)pplicationC．protection D．conservation解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，聯(lián)合國教科文組織鼓勵、認定和保護世界遺產(chǎn)，并沒有提到利用世界遺產(chǎn)，所以選B項。

3．If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country________.A．can ask UNESCO for more money and help B．should continue to take special care of itC．won't take trouble of caring for itD．will try to put it on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題由短文的最后一段可知，申遺成功后，要對世界遺產(chǎn)繼續(xù)加以保護，如果保護不善，該遺產(chǎn)可能會從名錄上刪除4．The purpose of putting a place on the World Heritage List is________.A．to attract more tourists from other countries B．to get more money and help from other countries C．to have it taken better care ofD．to make it known to other countries解析：選C　推理判斷題。

通過聯(lián)合國對一個國家的要求可推知，認定世界遺產(chǎn)的目的是使其得到更好的保護B(2017·沈陽市高三質(zhì)檢)Where should an adventurous tourist go? After you've done sightseeing in London, shopping in New York, tasted the local food in Paris, and danced to your heart's content at the Brazilian Carnival, where else can you go? What exotic (異國風(fēng)情的) tourist destination awaits you?Well, Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth. Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and it's still a small scale. About 37,000 tourists are expected there this season, but many won't even leave the boat.The BBC's Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment. Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place, the accessible coastline, which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.But some people believe that if carefully controlled, tourism can be good for Antarctica. It has no native population and it needs advocates. Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation. And they're likely to engage in the discussion about global warming, which has led to the melting of glaciers.According to Rix, guidelines are followed when you're about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect (為……消毒) their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.And once on land, there's no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragments — nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind. Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep their fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking (美妙的；驚人的) views.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。

游客應(yīng)該去南極洲旅游嗎？本文介紹了去南極洲旅游的情況和對游客的要求5．According to the second paragraph, we can learn that ________.A．Antarctica has become the best place for people to travelB．only scientists can be allowed to go to AntarcticaC．Antarctica is less affected by human activitiesD．no animals can survive in Antarctica except penguins解析：選C　推理判斷題根據(jù)第二段的第二句“It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth.”可知，它被認為是地球上最后的不毛之地由此可推知，南極洲受人類活動的影響較小6．Juliet Rix's travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicates that ________.A．governments should take measures to stop tourists from going to AntarcticaB．whether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefullyC．the animals' habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourismD．only journalists begin to pay attention to the environmental protection in Antarctica解析：選B　推理判斷題。

根據(jù)第四段的“asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment”以及“Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place”可推知，人們是否應(yīng)該去南極洲旅游應(yīng)認真地考慮一下7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Rix?A．Tourists can eat and smoke in Antarctica.B．Tourists can take something they like from Antarctica.C．Tourists can throw away something they don't need in Antarctica.D．Tourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica.解析：選D　正誤判斷題。

根據(jù)文章結(jié)尾處“to enjoy such breathtaking views”可知，游客可以在南極洲欣賞到美麗的景色8．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A．Why can't tourists go to Antarctica?B．How can tourists go to Antarctica?C．Should tourists go to Antarctica?D．Are tourists allowed to go to Antarctica?解析：選C　標題歸納題通讀全文的內(nèi)容可知，文章圍繞的是“應(yīng)不應(yīng)該去南極洲旅游？”這一話題而展開的，因此C項最適合作標題CIn 1800, only three percent of the world's population lived in cities.Only one city — Beijing — had a population of over a million.Most people lived in rural areas, and never saw a city in their lives.In 1900, just a hundred years later, roughly 150 million people lived in cities, and the world's ten largest cities all had populations exceeding (超過) one million.By 2000, the number of city dwellers (居民) exceeded three billion; and in 2008, the world's population crossed a tipping point — more than half of the people on Earth lived in cities.By 2050, that could increase to over two-thirds.Clearly, humans have become an urban species.In the 19th and early 20th centuri。