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1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 公開課公開課1.英語動(dòng)詞有三種語氣，英語動(dòng)詞有三種語氣， 陳述語氣，陳述語氣，祈使語氣和祈使語氣和虛擬語氣虛擬語氣。2.2. 定義：用來表示說的話定義：用來表示說的話不是事實(shí)不是事實(shí)，或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小可能性比較小的的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。語氣叫虛擬語氣。它通過謂語動(dòng)詞的它通過謂語動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來表示特殊形式來表示。一、虛擬語氣定義一、虛擬語氣定義第1頁/共38頁 If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虛擬條件句虛擬條件句）
2、 (真實(shí)條件真實(shí)條件句句）第2頁/共38頁a. ifa. if真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是表示條件是真的或真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的, , 采用采用陳述語氣陳述語氣。b. ifb. if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句表示對(duì)事實(shí)的相反表示對(duì)事實(shí)的相反的假設(shè)，或是的假設(shè)，或是虛擬的或幾乎無法實(shí)虛擬的或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)的, , 采用采用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣。第3頁/共38頁What would you do if you won the lottery（彩票）（彩票）? If I won the lottery, I wouldDiscussion第4頁/共38頁If I won the lottery,
3、 I would buy an expensive car. 1. 與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反第5頁/共38頁If I were the schoolmaster , I would let the students get up a little later.schoolmaster第6頁/共38頁 總總 結(jié)結(jié)if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 主句主句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相事實(shí)相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè) did（be動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用were)would( should / might / could )動(dòng)原動(dòng)原第7頁/共38頁If he had driven more carefully, he would no
4、t have had the car accident yesterday.2.與與過去過去事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反第8頁/共38頁如果他早起，他就不會(huì)上學(xué)遲到。如果他早起，他就不會(huì)上學(xué)遲到。第9頁/共38頁if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與過去過去事實(shí)相事實(shí)相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè) had +donewould ( should / might / could )have done 總總 結(jié)結(jié)第10頁/共38頁 If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, If I sho
5、uld meet Obama some day, 3.與與將來將來事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反第11頁/共38頁if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與將來將來事實(shí)事實(shí)相相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè)1、did (be用用were)2、were to do3、should dowould ( should / might / could )動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 總總 結(jié)結(jié)第12頁/共38頁一般條件句中的虛擬語氣一般條件句中的虛擬語氣時(shí)時(shí) 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過去過去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 將來將來第13頁/共38頁ifif條件句中的虛擬語氣條件句中的虛擬語氣時(shí)時(shí) 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過去過去had done
6、would should +have done sthcouldmight現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 diddid（bebe用用werewere） would should + do sthcouldmight將來將來did（be用用were ）should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight第14頁/共38頁一、語法填空：1. If I _(not, see) it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it. (2015.北京卷）2. Why didnt you tell me about your troub
7、le last week? If you _(tell) me, I could have helped. (2016.北京卷）3. If I had time this evening, I _(go) to your birthday party.4. If it should rain, the crops _ (save).hadnt seenhad toldwould gowould be saved第15頁/共38頁二、單句改錯(cuò)：1. If you are me, would you talk to them? (2015.四川卷）2. I know nothing about t
8、he film. If I knew about it, I will tell you. 3. If she worked hard enough, she would have passed the English exam.werewouldhad第16頁/共38頁三、書面表達(dá)（2013.廣東卷）對(duì)現(xiàn)在的對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬虛擬第17頁/共38頁1. 假如我們的城市中沒有清潔工，我們會(huì)生活在一個(gè)很糟糕的環(huán)境中。2. 假如我們的城市中沒有清潔工，我們會(huì)被垃圾淹沒。3. 假如我們的城市中沒有清潔工，疾病會(huì)迅速傳播。 1. If there were no cleaners in the city,
9、we would live in a badenvironment.2. If therewerenocleanersinthecity, we would be drowned in the rubbish.3. If therewerenocleanersinthecity, diseases would spread quickly.Translation第18頁/共38頁二、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣二、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣1. I wish + 賓語從句賓語從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：將來：將來：過去時(shí) (be用were)過去完成時(shí) (had done)would/could do I w
10、ish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (過過去去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (將來將來)第19頁/共38頁I wish I _ (fly) like a bird some day.could fly第20頁/共38頁were第21頁/共38頁I wish I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten第22頁/共38頁2. I would rather 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：將來：將來：過去：過去： I would ra
11、ther you _(pay) me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you _ (go) there yesterday. (過去過去) Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未來未來)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去時(shí)paid had gonecame第23頁/共38頁三、常見動(dòng)詞：三、常見動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：兩個(gè)命令：order, command 三條建議：三條建議：advise, suggest, propose四項(xiàng)要求：四項(xiàng)要求：demand , require, request, as
12、k 這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用使用should + should + 動(dòng)詞原動(dòng)詞原形，或者將形，或者將shouldshould省略。省略。第24頁/共38頁1.1.我們建議我們建議Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他堅(jiān)決要求我到場。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場。3.他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌?.We suggested that Tom a rest.2.He insisted that I present.3.They requested that we themshould h
13、ave (should) beshould send to work there.第25頁/共38頁當(dāng)當(dāng)suggest 表示表示“暗示暗示,表明表明”; insist表示表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)時(shí); 不用虛擬語氣！不用虛擬語氣！His accent suggests that he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrong.第26頁/共38頁3).Its （high） time +that -should +V.過去時(shí)你該走了。我們?cè)撍X了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its t
14、ime that we .Its time that we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould go第27頁/共38頁4）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important / a pity+ that - 從句中的動(dòng)詞要從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即用虛擬，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she should refuse to come to the
15、 party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.第28頁/共38頁5） as if /though + 從句從句現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí) They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son.第29頁/共38頁6） If only 要是要是.就好了就好了 = I wish If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice l
16、ast time! If only I could see him again next year!現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：將來將來 :一般過去時(shí)（一般過去時(shí)（be用用were）had donewould/could +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形if only第30頁/共38頁7) Its suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 后面的主語從句中要使用后面的主語從句中要使用虛擬語氣，也以虛擬語氣，也以 ( should )+ v原原.的形式出的形式出
17、現(xiàn)?，F(xiàn)。 Its ordered that teachers ( should ) teach English at schools. Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.第31頁/共38頁 以上這些動(dòng)詞的以上這些動(dòng)詞的名詞形式名詞形式后面的表語從句后面的表語從句 和同位語從句中也要用虛擬語氣，也應(yīng)以和同位語從句中也要用虛擬語氣，也應(yīng)以 (should) + v(should) + v原原. . 的形式出現(xiàn)。的形式出現(xiàn)。 My suggestion is that you (
18、 should ) go home first before coming here.My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible.第32頁/共38頁注意注意:當(dāng)當(dāng)suggest 表示表示“暗示暗示”; insist表示表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)時(shí); 不用虛擬語氣！不用虛擬語氣！His accent suggests that he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrong.第33頁/共38頁1 He suggested that the
19、meeting put off. A. is B. was C. would be D. should be 2 It is strange that he so. A. thinks B. think C.thought D. will think 3 I wish I my uncle yesterday. A. met B. have met C. would meet D. had met 第34頁/共38頁4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6. A. was finished B. will fini
20、sh C. should be finished D. shall be finished 5 Its high time that he home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to go第35頁/共38頁6 If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 7. If the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived第36頁/共38頁第37頁/共38頁
if虛擬條件句 公開課PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案
