2017屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 話題晨背 日積月累增分無形 話題十一 自然與環(huán)保素材 新人教版

話題十一 自然與環(huán)保子話題(一)　水文和地貌①geography n．　　　　　 地理②province n. ?、踫tate n. 州④capital n. 首府，省會⑤ocean n. 海洋，大海⑥continent n. 陸地；大陸，大洲⑦stream n. 小河；溪流⑧range n. 山脈⑨valley n. 山谷，溪谷⑩desert n. 沙漠?jungle n. 叢林，密林?landmark n. 地標(biāo)性建筑?mineral n. 礦物質(zhì)?urban adj. 城市的；郊區(qū)的?local adj. 當(dāng)?shù)氐?native adj. 本地的，本國的?remote adj. 偏遠(yuǎn)的；偏僻的?mountainous adj. 多山的?steep adj. 險峻的；陡峭的?be rich in 富含；盛產(chǎn)be separate from 與……分離be located in/lie in 坐落于/位于be surrounded by 被……包圍/環(huán)繞著cover an area of ... 占地面積為……take on a new look 呈現(xiàn)新面貌off the coast of 在……海岸附近at the top/foot of 在……的頂部/底部(腳下)to/on/in the south of 在……的南面(相望/接壤/在內(nèi))子話題(二)　大氣與氣候①weather n. 天氣②climate n. 氣候③haze n. 霧霾④mist n. 薄霧⑤fog n. 霧⑥frost n. 霜⑦drizzle n. 小雨；毛毛雨⑧breeze n. 微風(fēng)⑨rainbow n. 虹，彩虹⑩rainfall n. 一場雨；降雨量?shower n. 陣雨；淋浴?storm n. 風(fēng)暴，暴(風(fēng))雨?thunder n．& vi. 雷聲，打雷?blow vi. 吹n. 擊；打擊；吹?freeze vi. 結(jié)冰；使凍住?pour vi. 傾瀉，不斷流出?mild adj. 溫和的，暖和的?damp adj.& n. 潮濕(的)?foggy adj. 有霧的?cloudy adj. 多云的，陰天的sunny adj. 晴天的；晴朗的freezing adj. 冰凍的；極冷的snowy adj. 雪(白)的；下雪的；多(積)雪的chilly adj. 寒冷的low-pressure adj. 低壓的zero degrees Centigrade 零攝氏度50 degrees Fahrenheit 50華氏度freezing point 冰點heat wave 熱浪average temperature 平均氣溫weather forecast 天氣預(yù)報sub-tropical climate 亞熱帶氣候extreme weather 極端天氣rain or sunshine 風(fēng)雨無阻子話題(三)　自然災(zāi)害與救援①natural disasters 自然災(zāi)害；天災(zāi)②earthquake n. 地震③flood n. 洪水vt. 淹沒，使泛濫④drought n. 干旱⑤hurricane n. 颶風(fēng)，十二級風(fēng)⑥sandstorm n．　　　　　　　 沙塵暴⑦typhoon n. 臺風(fēng)⑧volcano n. 火山⑨t(yī)sunami n. 海嘯⑩landslide n. 山體滑坡?mudslide n. 泥石流?acid rain n. 酸雨?wildfire n. 野火?shortage n. 缺乏?damage n．& vt. 毀壞，破壞?destroy vt. 摧毀，破壞?ruin vt. (使)毀壞；(使)毀滅 n. (復(fù))廢墟；遺跡?disappear vi. 消失?threaten vt. 威脅?predict vt. 預(yù)報，預(yù)言，預(yù)告erupt vi. (火山)爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)terrify vt. 使感到恐怖frighten vt. 使驚恐distribute vt. 發(fā)放；分發(fā)drinking water shortage 飲用水缺乏warning level 警戒水位volcanic eruption 火山爆發(fā)dig out 挖掘，發(fā)現(xiàn)donate ...to ... 向……捐贈……stricken area 受災(zāi)地區(qū)economic losses 經(jīng)濟(jì)損失come to one’s rescue 前來救某人be trapped in ruins 被困在廢墟中rebuild one’s home 重建某人的家園子話題(四)　動植物及生態(tài)保護(hù)1．動物(1)動物名稱①creature n. 生物，動物②wildlife n. 野生動物③beast n. 野獸，牲畜④zebra n. 斑馬⑤giraffe n. 長頸鹿⑥squirrel n. 松鼠⑦kangaroo n. 袋鼠⑧koala n. 考拉⑨dinosaur n. 恐龍⑩shark n. 鯊魚?whale n. 鯨?seagull n. 海鷗?seal n. 海豹?seashell n. 海貝?tortoise n. 龜，烏龜?dolphin n. 海豚?cattle n. 牛(總稱)；家畜?donkey n. 驢?eagle n. 鷹?sparrow n. 麻雀parrot n. 鸚鵡insect n. 昆蟲pest n. 害蟲butterfly n. 蝴蝶dragonfly n. 蜻蜓mosquito n. 蚊子(2)動物肢體部位①claw n. 爪②tail n. (動物的)尾巴③wing n. 翅膀，機(jī)翼④feather n. 羽毛⑤fur n. 毛皮；裘皮(3)相關(guān)動作①bark vi. 狗叫n. 狗叫聲②hatch vi.& vt. (鳥、雞)孵蛋③howl vi. 嚎叫，嚎哭，嗥叫2．植物(1)植物名稱①bamboo n. 竹子②maple n. 楓樹③pine n. 松樹④bush n. 灌木叢，矮樹叢⑤seaweed n. 海草(2)植物部位①root n. 根，根莖②ring n. (樹的)年輪③branch n. 樹枝④trunk n. 樹干(3)相關(guān)動作①plant vt. 種植②harvest n．& vt. 收割，收獲(物)③grow vi. 生長；發(fā)育；變成vt. 種植④sow vi.& vt. 播種⑤irrigate vt. 灌溉3．生態(tài)保護(hù)①ecology n. 生態(tài)，生態(tài)學(xué)②evolution n. 進(jìn)化，演變③survival n. 存活，幸存④primitive adj. 原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的⑤bare adj. 裸露的⑥extinct adj. 滅絕的⑦preserve vt. 保護(hù)⑧victim n. 犧牲品，受害者⑨damage natural habitat 破壞自然棲息地⑩disturb the wildlife’s natural habitat 擾亂野生動物的自然棲息地?rare breed 稀有物種?endangered species　　　　　 瀕危物種?die out 滅絕?natural reserve 自然保護(hù)區(qū)?protect wildlife 保護(hù)野生動物?cut down 砍倒?have disastrous effect on 對……有災(zāi)難性的影響?keep the balance of nature 保持生態(tài)平衡?raise the awareness of 喚醒……的意識?live in harmony with 與……和諧相處子話題(五)　環(huán)境污染與環(huán)境保護(hù)1．環(huán)境污染①pollute vt. 污染②radiation n. 放射，放射物③waste n. 廢料④rubbish n. 垃圾；廢物⑤litter n. 垃圾⑥garbage n. 垃圾⑦smog n. 煙霧⑧haze n. 霧霾⑨white pollution 白色污染⑩carbon dioxide 二氧化碳?acid rain 酸雨?greenhouse effect 溫室效應(yīng)?global warming 全球變暖2．環(huán)境保護(hù)①environmentally-friendly adj. 環(huán)保的②replace/substitute vt. 取代，代替③protect vt. 保護(hù)④recycle vt. 回收；再循環(huán)⑤advocate vt. 擁護(hù)，支持，提倡⑥preserve vt. 保護(hù)，保留，保存⑦limited natural resources 有限的自然資源⑧alternative energy 替代能源⑨solar energy/power 太陽能⑩nuclear energy/power 核能?environmental protection 環(huán)境保護(hù)?in harmony with nature 與自然和諧共處?live a lowcarbon life 過低碳生活?prevent ...from ... 阻止……做……?raise one’s environmental awareness 提高某人的環(huán)保意識?make proper use of water resources 合理利用水資源?save and treasure our resources 節(jié)約并珍惜我們的資源?take action/steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事?take responsibility for/be responsible for ... 對……負(fù)責(zé)任?call on/appeal to sb. to do sth. 號召/呼吁某人做某事1．Sometimes a smile is so powerful that it gives people suffering from disasters great courage.有時候，微笑會如此有力量以至于它給遭受災(zāi)難的人以巨大的勇氣。

2．The country has provided food and clothes for the homeless people in the disaster-stricken areas.這個國家已經(jīng)為災(zāi)區(qū)無家可歸的人們提供了食品和衣物3．Plenty of rubbish and waste water are being poured into the river; as a consequence, water sources have become badly polluted.大量的垃圾和廢水正涌入河流，結(jié)果，水源被嚴(yán)重污染4. The more wild animals we kill, the more debts we will pay in the future.我們殺的野生動物越多，我們將來要還的債就越多5．Having realized the great harm caused by the haze and the importance of protecting the environment, people all over the country are taking measures to reduce the hazy weather.意識到霧霾造成的嚴(yán)重危害和保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性，全國人民正采取措施減少霧霾天氣。

6．Accordingly/Consequently, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are more and more aware of the importance of the protection of the environment.因此，不難得出結(jié)論：人們越來越意識到環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性了7．It is wellknown that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to global warming.眾所周知，由于全球變暖，全球水資源短缺(問題)正變得日益嚴(yán)重8．All animals and plants are important, because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.所有動植物都是重要的，因為每一物種都有助于地球上生命種類的多樣性的形成，而且對維持生命起到了重要的作用。

9．With the number of cars increasing fast in our city, our environment is getting increasingly worse.在我們的城市，隨著汽車數(shù)量的快速增長，我們的環(huán)境正急劇惡化10．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that have caused this global warming.毫無疑問，地球正變得更加暖和，全球變暖正是人類活動所致2016·濟(jì)寧高三二模)上周日，你班開展以“美化城市環(huán)境，倡導(dǎo)低碳生活”為宗旨的志愿者活動活動內(nèi)容包括：上午去郊區(qū)植樹；下午去廣場宣傳，分發(fā)傳單請你就這個活動為校報寫一篇題為“A Voluntary Activity”的短文內(nèi)容包括：1．活動內(nèi)容、宗旨；2．對同學(xué)的影響以及你的評價注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)參考詞匯：傳單 leaflet A Voluntary ActivityLast Sunday, our class launched a voluntary activity，_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Low carbon living is surely a way of great significance.[范文必背]A Voluntary Activity①Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary activity, the theme of which is to make the city more beautiful and advocate a low-carbon lifestyle.In the morning, we went to plant trees in the suburbs.We worked in cooperation. Some dug holes, some carried and planted trees, and the others watered them. In the afternoon, we went to the People’s Square to hand out leaflets, raising people’s awareness of environmental protection. Most of the students think highly of the activity, which will surely have a positive effect on our daily life.As far as I’m concerned, it’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment. ②As long as there is the possibility of saving our planet, do take action now before it is too late. Low carbon living is surely a way of great significance.[佳句演練](1)用whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句改寫句①Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary activity, whose_theme is to make the city more beautiful and advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.(2)根據(jù)句②仿寫句子As_long_as_you_don’t_betray_me,_I’ll do whatever you ask me to (do)．只要你不出賣我，要我做什么我都愿意。