2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit7—Unit8知識(shí)梳理

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1、2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit7—Unit8知識(shí)梳理 A知識(shí)梳理 詞匯 單詞 cultural，pyramid，represent，include，ruin，burn，restore，rebuild，beauty，photograph，portrait，recreate，unite，artist，period，vase，stone，damage，ancient，project，brick，official，cave， pollution，carbon，breath，limit，sincerely，BC，AD，continent，well-known，athlete，gold，m

2、edal，torch，badminton，speed，skating，tie，final，dive，shooting，Greece，petitor，motto，further，rank，gymnastics，prepare，preparation，effect，flame，pete，flag，weight，position， superstar，point，skill, weigh，title，gesture，facial 詞組 give in，give up，in ruins，bring…back to life，pull down，set up，stand for，because o

3、f，would rather，take part in，in preparation for，be proud of，under attack，in pieces，be used to，with the help of，the same as，bring…back to life，e true，every four years，track and field 語法 The Present Perfect Passive Voice Catherine’S Palace has been rebuilt by modern Russian artists． The Future Pa

4、ssive Voice More trees will be planted and new roads will be built by the people of Beijing． When will the 29th Olympic Games be held in Beijing? 交際用語 What shall we put in? What／How about…? Maybe we could．．． Why not…? Which do you like，…or…? I’d like to… I prefer…to… 常用句型 It seems that．．

5、． It will take…before… We would do everything we can to do．．． I would rather do…than do… I prefer doing…to doing… Where there is…there is… B辨析詞語 (1)missing／lost／gone lost表示“丟失”，有丟失后難以找回的意思，在句中可作定語、表語和補(bǔ)語。 例：I finally found my lost dictionary under the bed． missing表示“失蹤了”或者“不見了

6、”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某物不在原處，在句中可作定語、表語和補(bǔ)語。 例：My purse is missing． gone表示“消失了”，指一去不復(fù)返，在句中可作表語和補(bǔ)語，但不能作定語。 例：She looked down at her dress，and found her neck1ace gone． (2)prepare sth．／prepare for sth． prepare sth．的意思是“準(zhǔn)備某事”、“做某事”，即prepare的動(dòng)作直接作用在sth．身上。 例：Bob prepared his lessons while his

7、 mother prepared supper． pepare for sth．表示“為某事做準(zhǔn)備”。 例：People on the island are preparing for another storm． (3)farther／further farther和further都是far的比較級(jí)，但是它們?cè)谠~義和用法上有很大的區(qū)別。 farther一般只用于表示有形距離的“較遠(yuǎn)”、“更遠(yuǎn)”。 例：On the farther side of the street there was a large shop． furthe

8、r既可以表示有形距離的“較遠(yuǎn)”、“更遠(yuǎn)”，還可以表示“更多的”、“另一些”、“進(jìn)一步的”。 例：We intend to stay for a further two months． (4)allow／permit／let allow表示“允許某人做某事”，要求用名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞來作賓語，也可以用不定式作賓補(bǔ)。allow常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 例：They don’t allow smoking． My parents allow me to stay up late at weekends． (5)ruin／destroy／damage ruin表示

9、“徹底的毀滅”，既可以作動(dòng)詞，也可以作名詞，作名詞時(shí)意為“毀滅，破壞(不可數(shù))”、“廢墟，遺跡(常用復(fù)數(shù))”。 例：Drink led to his ruin． The house across the street is in ruins． destroy表示“毀壞，破壞”，只能用作動(dòng)詞，用法和ruin用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)相同。 例：The earthquake destroyed all of the buildings in the city． damage指造成破壞或損害，但不是毀滅性的，既可以用作動(dòng)詞，也可以用作名詞。作名詞時(shí)后面可以跟介詞to表示對(duì)某物造成破

10、壞。 例：The war caused extensive damage to the country． (6)give up／give in／give out／give off give up表示“放棄，停止”。 例：I have given up expecting him to change． give in表示“屈服，讓步”。 例：They weren’t a particularly good team，but they refused to give in and accept defeat． give out表示“發(fā)出，分

11、發(fā)”。 例：The teacher was giving out sweets to every student at the party． give off表示“發(fā)出光，熱和氣味”。 例：Chives give off a delicate scent． C 識(shí)記句型 1 Where there is a river，there is a city. 2 It is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the banks of the

12、 river． 3 It was under attack for 900 days，hut the people of the city never gave in． 4 Pieces of the palaces could now be used to rebuild the city and its culture． 5 We will do everything we can to save our city. 6 It was difficult to save the palaces and buildings without destroying their old b

13、eauty． 7 Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games． 8 Many of the sports are the same as they are now. 9 Some of the games in which the young men peted were：running，jumping and wresting． 10 It means that every athlete should try to run faster，jump higher an

14、d throw further． D 觸類旁通 1． ! There is a train ing． A．Look out B．Look around C．Look forward D．Look on 【答案】A 【解析】此題考查的是和look相關(guān)的短語。look out 含有“小心，當(dāng)心”之意；look around指“向四周環(huán)顧”；look forward指“向前看”，有“憧憬未來”的意思；look on…as…指“把……看作……”。 2．As we grow older，we learn the of our a

15、bilities． A．heights B．scores C．1imits D．lengths 【答案】C 【解析】height指“高度”；score指“得分，分?jǐn)?shù)”；limit指“限制”；length指“長度”。此句的意思是“隨著年齡的增長，我們認(rèn)識(shí)到我們能力的有限”。 3．The doctors did all they the sick man back to life． A．could bring B．could to bring C．could bringing D．c

16、ould to bringing 【答案】B 【解析】這句話的意思是“醫(yī)生們做他們能夠做的一切來挽救這個(gè)病人的生命”。do all they can(do)to do…可以理解為定語從句，其先行詞是all，關(guān)系代詞that被省掉。此外還可以表達(dá)為do everything(that)they can(do)to do…或do what they can(do)to do…。 4．Everyone got a Christmas present，my little brother . A．include B．to include

17、 C．including D．included 【答案】D 【解析】此題考查的是include的用法。include的意思是“包括，包含”，在句子中常作謂語。including和included都用來表示部分同位關(guān)系，即用來舉例，譯作“包括”。但是，including必須放在它所說明的同位語之前，而included必須放在它所說明的同位語之后。 例：Everyone here in my classroom，including Lucy，will go to visit the Summer Palace． Everyone

18、here in my classroom，Lucy included，will go to visit the Summer Palace． 5．The foreigner explained again and again but he still couldn’t make himself ． A．understand B．understood C．be understood D．understanding 【答案】B 【解析】此題考查的是make后面跟賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。分詞作補(bǔ)足語時(shí)應(yīng)注意分詞與賓語的邏輯關(guān)系。這句話的意思是

19、“這位外國人反復(fù)地解釋，但是他仍然不能讓別人理解他”。這里，他讓自己被理解，應(yīng)該用過去分詞understood作賓補(bǔ)。 6．My father will not us to drive his new car． A．a(chǎn)gree B．a(chǎn)llow C．have D．let 【答案】B 【解析】 agree表示“同意某人的觀點(diǎn)和意見”，后面一般不跟賓語補(bǔ)足語；allow表示“允許某人做某事”，構(gòu)成短語allow sb．to do sth．；have表示“讓某人做某事”，后面一般跟動(dòng)詞原形或者動(dòng)詞的ing形式；le

20、t表示“讓某人做某事”，后面只能跟動(dòng)詞原形，而且一般用第一人稱和第二人稱。 7．—What do you think of the book? —Oh，excellent．It’s worth a second time． A．to read B．to be read C．reading D．being read 【答案】 C 【解析】be worth doing是一個(gè)固定短語，表示“值得做某事”，其中doing是用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)。 8．There will be a discussion tomorrow，all those

21、 who want to ，please raise your hands． A．join B．take part C．take a part D．take part in 【答案】 B 【解析】join指參加某個(gè)組織成為其中一員，作及物動(dòng)詞用；take part表示參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，作不及物動(dòng)詞用； take part in也表示參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，但是后面要跟賓語。 9．“Can’t you read?”Mary said to the notice． A．a(chǎn)ngrily pointing B．a(chǎn)nd poi

22、nting angrily C．a(chǎn)ngrily pointed D．a(chǎn)nd angrily pointing 【答案】A 【解析】此題考查的是分詞作狀語。分詞作狀語時(shí)要弄清分詞和所修飾的名詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系。當(dāng)表示主動(dòng)的邏輯關(guān)系時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞，當(dāng)表示被動(dòng)的邏輯關(guān)系時(shí)用過去分詞。句子的意思是“瑪麗指著通知生氣地說道”。這里應(yīng)該是主動(dòng)，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞pointing。當(dāng)用連詞and時(shí)，and連接的應(yīng)該都是動(dòng)詞，原句可以改為Mary said angrily and pointed to the notice． 10．The house we used to

23、live has been rebuilt． A．where；in B．which,／ C．in that；／ D．in which；／ 【答案】D 【解析】此題考查的是定語從句。先行詞house在從句中做介詞in的賓語。當(dāng)把介詞in提前時(shí)應(yīng)該用in which。而不能說in that。如果用表示地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系副詞where，后面則不能再用介詞in。這句話的意思是“我們?cè)?jīng)居住過的房子已經(jīng)被重建”。 考題回放 1 My brother is an actor．He is several films so far．

24、 (xx·浙江卷) A．a(chǎn)ppears B．a(chǎn)ppeared C．has appeared D．is appearing 【答案】 C 【解析】時(shí)間狀語so far常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。 2 We will be shown around the city：schools，museums，and some other places， other visitors seldom go． A．what B．which C．where D．when 【答案】 C

25、 【解析】此題考查的是where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞places在從句中邏輯上充當(dāng)go的狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where。what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；先行詞在從句中作主語和賓語時(shí)才能使用關(guān)系代詞that；先行詞是地點(diǎn)，而非時(shí)間，不能用when。 3 a reply，he decided to write again. (MET 1992) A．Not receiving B．Receiving not C．Not having received D．Having not received 【答案】C 【解析】此題考查的

26、是現(xiàn)在分詞在句子中作狀語。這句話的意思是“沒有收到答復(fù)，他決定再次寫信”?！皼]有收到答復(fù)”發(fā)生在“他決定再次寫信”之前，因此用having received。分詞的否定應(yīng)該在分詞之前加上not。 4 I am at least age Robert if I am not older than he．(1992·上海卷) A．the same；as B．the same；with C．a(chǎn)s same；as D．a(chǎn)s same；with 【答案】A 【解析】 the same…as…意思是“與……一樣……”。此句的意

27、思是“如果我年紀(jì)不比羅伯特大，那我至少和他一樣大”。 5 I play football than basketball． A．would rather B．had better C．1ike better D．prefer 【答案】A 【解析】此題考查的是句式would rather do…than do…。其意思為“寧愿做某事而不愿做某事”。had better do sth．表示“最好做某事”，但是不能表示比較；like…better than…表示“喜歡……勝過于喜歡……”，但是后面一般跟動(dòng)詞不定式。p

28、refer可以表示“喜歡……勝過于喜歡……”，但是其結(jié)構(gòu)為prefer sth．To sth．或prefer doing…to doing…。 基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練 1．The success is actually on the hard work of the whole team． A．base B．based C．basis D．basic 2． by a stranger，she became more and more frightened． A．Following B．To f

29、ollow C．Followed D．Follow 3．No foreign languages in the school in the past fifty years． A．had been taught B．would be taught C．have been taught D．were taught 4． had happened to him frightened us greatly． A．What B．All C．That D．W

30、hich 5．It rained for two weeks，pletely our holiday． A．ruined B．to ruin C．ruining D．ruins 6．The fire spread through the hotel very quickly，but everyone get out. A．had to B．would C．could D．was able to 7．The people of St．Petersb

31、urg tried their best to ． A．bring the city back to live B．take the city back to live C．bring the city back to life D．take the city back to life． 8．—Would you like some coffee? —Yes，and please get me some milk，too．I prefer coffee__ milk． A．to B．with C．than

32、 D．of 9． breaks the law will have to face a serious punishment． A．Anyone B．Those who C．Anyone who D．Who 10．My father bought an ancient Chinese vase， was very reasonable． A．the price of that B．its price C．the price of which D．the price

33、of whose 11．Rather than a bike in the freezing weather，she prefers a bus． A．take；to take B．to take；ride C．take；to ride D．ride；to take 12．After climbing over a mountain 200 meters high，Bob and I ． A．gave in B．gave up C．gave out D．gave o

34、ff 13．They spent as many hours as they could their lessons． A．to study B．study C．studying D．studies 參考答案與解析 1．B be based on…是固定短語，意思是“以……為基礎(chǔ)”。basis是名詞，表示“基礎(chǔ)”；basic是形容詞，表示“基礎(chǔ)的”。 2．C此句意為“被一個(gè)陌生人跟著，她越來越感到害怕”。應(yīng)該選擇過去分詞followed作非謂語成分，表示被動(dòng)。 3．C此句意為“最近50年來學(xué)校里沒有教外語”。in the

35、past跟一段時(shí)間表示“在最近……來”，和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。此題把foreign languages提前做主語，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是have been done。 4．A what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作主語。此句意為“他所發(fā)生的事情讓我們非常害怕”。 5．C此處用現(xiàn)在分詞ruining表示伴隨，意思是“雨下了兩周，完全破壞了我們的假期”。過去分詞ruined表示“被毀滅”，不定式to ruin表示“將毀滅”，ruins是謂語，應(yīng)排除。 6．D be able to do表示通過努力設(shè)法做成某事，can／could表示某人有能力做某事。此句意為“火迅速蔓延整個(gè)旅館，但是每個(gè)人

36、都設(shè)法走了出來”。 7．C bring…back to life是固定短語，意思是“使……復(fù)活(蘇醒)”。 8．B此題選with，意思是“我喜歡牛奶咖啡一起喝”。prefer…to…表示“喜歡……勝過喜歡……”。 9．C此題考定語從句，意為“任何一個(gè)違反法律的人都得接受嚴(yán)厲的懲罰”。先行詞為anyone，關(guān)系代詞為who，這里可用whoever代替anyone who。 10．C此題考非限制性定語從句，意思是“中國花瓶的價(jià)格非常合理”。先行詞vase在從句中作the price of的賓語，所以關(guān)系代詞只能用which，不能用that。這里可以把the price of which換成

37、whose price。 11．D prefer to do…rather than do…為固定句式，表示“寧愿做……不愿做……”。ride a bike，take a taxi為習(xí)慣表達(dá)。 12．B give in表示“投降，妥協(xié)”；give up表示“放棄”；give out表示“分發(fā)”；give off表示“發(fā)出味道”。 13．C spend…(in)doing意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。此題是說“他們盡可能多花時(shí)間來學(xué)習(xí)功課”。as many hours as they could在句中充當(dāng)spend的賓語。 綜合強(qiáng)化 1完形填空 Leroy Columbo left

38、 his lifeguard post．He walked slowly down the 1 ．Many people were sunbathing on the sand，and they spoke to him．Leroy nodded and smiled to them． 2 ，he always kept an eye on the water．You see，Leroy was a 3 lifeguard．He couldn’t hear cries for help；therefore，he 4 use his eyes．He could 5 a per

39、son in trouble in the water quickly． Leroy was a familiar 6 on the Galveston，Texas beaches．During his 40 years of work as a lifeguard there，he 7 907 people from drowning in the waters． Leroy was born in 1905．He lost his 8 at seven．Nine years later，because of his father’s death，Leroy

40、left school and helped 9 his family．However，Leroy didn’t need much money to swim in the waters around Galveston Island，so he spent most of his free time swimming and became a(n) 10 swimmer． At eighteen，his brother asked him to 11 the Surf Toboggan Club．He had to take a(n) 12 first before

41、 the club could 13 him．He had to swim three hours without stopping．He couldn’t 14 rest by floating or swimming on his 15 ．Leroy took the test and passed it easily． Leroy never won a scholarship．He never 16 training for sports petition． 17 he used his talents to save others’lives． 1

42、8 he died on July 2，1974，members of the Texas State Senate stood for a moment of 19 in his honor．The Galveston people have had a plaque(牌匾)made in his 20 ．His name was included in the Guinness Book of World Records． 1．A．beach B．roadside C．street D．riverbank 2．A．Obv

43、iously B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．However 3．A．weak B．poor C．deaf D．strong 4．A．had to B．should C．could D．must 5．A．describe B．warn C．inform D．notice 6．A．view B．sportsman C．scene D．

44、sight 7．A．knew B．told C．saved D．separated 8．A．eyesight B．hearing C．interest D．voice 9．A．support B．fort C．raise D．feed 10．A．ordinary B．expert C．1ucky D．special 11．A．organize B．set up

45、 C．join D．put up 12．A．interview B．try C．look D．test 13．A．train B．understand C．a(chǎn)ccept D．recognize 14．A．ever B．even C．just D．yet 15．A．back B．face C．feet D．side

46、 16．A．went into B．went on C．gave up D．insisted on 17．A．Meanwhile B．Certainly C．Fortunately D．Instead 18．A．Because B．When C．While D．Since 19．A．peace B．calmness C．sadness D．silence 20．A．fav

47、or B．memory C．opinion D．name 參考答案與解析： 1．A本文講述的是救生員Leroy的故事，聯(lián)系下文應(yīng)該知道他是沿著海邊在慢慢行走。 2．D這里是“然而，但是”的意思，是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以選however。obviously表示“明顯地”，otherwise表示“否則”，therefore表示“所以”。 3．C從下一句可知Leroy是一個(gè)耳聾的救生員。所以選擇deaf。 4．A因?yàn)槎@，Leroy只得用眼睛來觀察，have to表示“不得不”，所以選擇A。 5．D這句話的意思是“他可以注意到水中遇到麻煩的

48、人”。describe表示“描述”，warn表示“警告”，inform表示“告訴”，notice表示“注意”。 6．D sight表示“風(fēng)景”，這句話的意思是Leroy是一道人們熟悉的風(fēng)景。scene表示“場(chǎng)景”。 7．C這句話的意思是“他救了907個(gè)落水的人”。 8．B lose one’S hearing意思是“失去聽覺”。 9．A表示“養(yǎng)家”用support one’S family；raise表示“飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物”；feed表示“喂養(yǎng)”。 10．B這里expert表示“精湛的”，ordinary表示“平凡的”。 11．C organize表示“組織”，set up表示“建立”，j

49、oin表示“參加某個(gè)組織”，put up表示“豎立”。 12．D test表示“測(cè)試”，interview表示“面試”。 13．C accept表示“接受”，這句話的意思是“在協(xié)會(huì)接受他之前，他需要參加一次面試”。 14．B這里指“他甚至不能”。 15．A swim on one’s back指仰泳。 16．B go on有“進(jìn)行某事”的意思；give up指“放棄”；insist on指“堅(jiān)持”。 17．D instead這里表示“相反”；meanwhile表示“同時(shí)”；fortunately表示“幸運(yùn)地”。 18．B這里指“當(dāng)他去世的時(shí)候”。 19．D這里指“默哀”。 2

50、0．B in one’s memory表示“為了紀(jì)念某人”． 2 閱讀理解 The earth is changing．Tomorrow it will be different．All the living things on the earth are changing．Tomorrow they will be different．Even people are changing．Tomorrow you will be different． There are many kinds of changes，and many different things that

51、 cause change．People need to get to know the changes，to learn to see them，and to learn what causes change． Human beings must solve many problems so that they can continue to live successfully．War is one of these problems．Disease and natural disasters are problems．Not having enough food and ener

52、gy for the growing number of people in the world is a problem．Most problems can be solved，but some are impossible to solve．The way in which people solve problems affects(影響)how long and how well they can live． As people solve their problems，they change things．And changes often cause new problem

53、s for people，and for other living things on Earth．Sometimes the new problems seem even worse than the old ones．Human beings will probably never stop having problems to solve． 1．Which statement of the following is true according to the text? A．Everything on the earth is always changing．

54、 B．The changes of the living things are different． C．War is a problem that can be solved． D．In the future when the modernization has been realized all over the world，we will have no problems at all. 2．What problem is not mentioned in the text? A．War． B．Pollution． C．En

55、ergy shortage．D．Flood． 3．The changes ． A．make people cannot live on a spaceship B．bring natural disasters C．a(chǎn)re not necessary to analyze(分析) D．a(chǎn)re not always good 4．For what purpose must people solve the problem of war? A．To keep peace． B．To have larger land． C

56、．To continue to live． D．To guard the earth． 參考答案與解析 1．A本文主要談?wù)摰氖鞘澜缫恢碧幱诓煌５淖兓?dāng)中，這些變化對(duì)人類和世界都帶來許多影響。從第一段中“All the living things on the earth are changing．”可找到答案。 2．B本題考查的是細(xì)節(jié)。第三段中直接提到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和能源缺乏，另外談到自然災(zāi)害，包括了水災(zāi)。而污染在文中沒有涉及。 3．D根據(jù)對(duì)文章的整體理解，以及最后一段中“Sometimes the new problems seem even worse than the old ones．”可以找到答案。另外三個(gè)答案都比較片面。 4．C 第三段第一句“Human beings must solve many problems 80 that they can continue to live successfully．”說明人們解決許多問題的目的是持續(xù)生存。