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1、2022年高三英語一輪復習 名詞性從句學案名詞性從句是歷年高考的重點和難點也是熱點。名詞性從句相當于名詞，可用作主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。引導名詞性從句的連接詞有：連接代詞：who，whose，whom，what，which，有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等；連接副詞：when，wherewhv，how，有詞義，在從句中擔任成分作狀語；連接詞：if（whether），asif雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔任成分：連接詞that無詞義一課前導學1名詞性從句定義：在主句中起 作用的從句。2. 名詞性從句類型： 3名詞性從
2、句的連接詞： 1）從屬連詞： 和 等，在從句中不充當任何成分。 2）連接代詞： 和 等，在從句中作主語賓語表語定語。 3）連接副詞： 和 等，在從句中作狀語。二課中導教（一）賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語.引導詞有連詞that (that ?？墒÷?,whether,if; 代詞有who, whose,what ,which;副詞 when ,where, how, why 等.如:We believe (that) he is honest.I told him (that) I would e back soon.He said (that)he would go there the ne
3、xt day and that his family wouldnt go there.賓語從句的注意點：1).賓語從句一律用陳述句的語序.2).引導賓語從句的連詞that也無實際意義,多數(shù)情況下可以省略.3).whether和if都可以引導賓語從句 但: (1).當whether后緊跟or not時,不用if. 例: I dont know whether I will stay or not. (2).介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if. 例: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.4).that在賓語從句中的省略與保留 (1).在主+謂+it(形式賓
4、語)+賓補+that從句(真正賓語) 的句型中不省略. 例: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. (2).由連詞and連接的兩個由that引導的賓語從句中,第二和以后that 不省略. 例: He told me that he would e and that he would e on time.（二）主語從句定義：用作主語的從句叫主語從句，它是名詞性從句之一。引導主語從句的連接詞有：連詞that, whether；連接代詞who, what和which；連接副詞when, where, how和why。1)由whether及其他
5、連詞引導的主語從句放在句首，句后都可。 Whether it will please them is not easy to say.= It is not easy to say whether it will please them. 這是否能讓他們高興很難說2) 由連詞that引導的主語從句： That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他們急需幫助，這是十分明顯的。 注意 A: that 引導主語從句只起引導作用，本身無實際意義，在主語從句中不充當任何成分，但不能省略。 注意B: 但是這類句子在大多數(shù)情況下會放到整個句子的后部
6、去，而用代詞it作形式主語。 = It is quite clear that they are badly in need of help. 3)連接代詞who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.對于有些人覺得容易的東西對另一些人來說就難了Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 這里說的話都應當保密。Whoever makes mistakes must correct them.
7、 凡犯了錯誤的人都必須改正。Whatever 和 no matter what有區(qū)別嗎？Her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do. 她的手機幫她做她想做的事情4)連接副詞when，where， how， why等引起的主語從句： Why he did it remains a mystery.為什么他要這樣做仍然是個謎（三）表語從句1.表語從句的引導詞: 基本上與主語從句的引導詞相同.連詞除了that, whether(不用if)外,還可以用because.在連系動詞seem,look之后還可用as though (as if ).
8、 例: (1).That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. (2).The question was when the butcher was likely to e back from the town. (3).The fact remains that a change in land ownership is needed in India. (4).That is what he told us. (5).It seems as if it is going to rain. The problem is that w
9、e didnt get in touch with him.This is how Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.如果句子的主語是suggestion,advice.order等名詞時,后面引導的表語從句用should+動詞原形,should可省略.2.注意點1).表語從句一律用陳述句的語序.2).表語從句的引導詞that無實際意義,但不能省略.3).表語從句只能用whether,而不能用if 引導.4).不要使用 The reason is becaus
10、e that 句型, 應使用 The reason is that 或 This / it /that/ is because等句型.例如: 今天早上他遲到的原因是因為路上行人太多.誤: The reason why he was late this morning is because that there was a lot of traffic on the road. 正: The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road. 或:He was late this
11、morning. That was because there was a lot of traffic on the road.（四） 同位語從句1.基本概念： 在句中起同位語的作用.一般放在名詞 idea, fact, news, belief, thought, doubt, order, suggestion, proof, message, conclusion, desire, theory, truth, word等之后,用以說明或解釋前面的名詞.引導詞有連詞 that ;少數(shù)情況下也可用連接副詞等.如 :1）The thought that we might succeed e
12、xcited us.2）The question whether they should try a second time is worth considering.3）The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.名詞suggestion,advice.order等詞后的同位語從句的謂語動詞要用should+動詞原形,should可省略.2.同位語從句與定語從句的異同：相同點：1、兩種從句都可以譯成定語e.g. The news that our team has won the fi
13、nal match is encouraging. （同位語從句）我們隊取得決賽勝利的消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is really encouraging.（定語從句）你告訴我們的消息真的令人鼓舞。2、兩種從句都可以用that引導e.g. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. （同位語從句）學生應該學些實用的東西的建議值得考慮。The suggestion that is worth considering is that t
14、he students should learn something practical.（定語從句）值得考慮的建議是學生應該學些實用的東西。不同點：1、從句的作用不同：同位語從句用來進一步說明前面名詞的內(nèi)容；定語從句用來修飾、 限定前面的名詞。 e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （從句說明“消息”的內(nèi)容：我們隊取得了決賽勝利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（從句對“消息”加以限定：是你告訴我們的，而非來自其他渠道。但消息是何內(nèi)容卻不得而知。）2、引導從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞that的功能不同：that引導同位語從句時是一個純連詞，不充當任何成分；而引導定語從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，既指代先行詞又須在從句中充當成分。e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充當任何成分）2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代promise，又在從句中充當主語。）
2022年高三英語一輪復習 名詞性從句學案
