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1、Unit 4 Global warming話題誦讀 日積月累導(dǎo)語你知道全球變暖會給人類的生活和環(huán)境帶來哪些變化嗎？Short and Long Term Effects of Global WarmingClimate changeGlobal warming is causing the temperature of the earth to rise slowly，causing massive global changes to our natural environment.Rising sea levelGlobal warming is rapidly melting glacie
2、rs around the globe，causing a rising sea level and possibly coastal flooding and other weather problems in the future.Ecosystem changesGlobal warming is changing certain ecosystems throughout due to temperature fluctuations.Animals and plants are being forced to adapt to this，and，as a result，are dyi
3、ng off.Breakdown of the ozone layerGlobal warming is creating holes in the ozone layer，primarily from human use of products that emit poisonous chemicals.The ozone layer absorbs UV radiation from the sun.The holes are causing amounts of poisonous chemicals present in our breathing air to increase at
4、 a rapid rate.詞海拾貝1glacier n冰川2ecosystem n生態(tài)系統(tǒng)3fluctuation n波動4ozone n臭氧5emit vt.發(fā)出，放射問題思考1What effects is global warming causing?_2Is it serious to have holes in the ozone layer?_答案：1.Climate change，rising sea level，ecosystem changes and breakdown of the ozone layer.2Yes，it is.自主預(yù)習(xí) 步步提高詞匯識記.將單詞與其正確
5、釋義連線1consumeA圖表；曲線圖2graph B現(xiàn)象3phenomenon C燃料4fuel D平均的5trend E趨勢；傾向6mild F溫和的；溫柔的7consequence G環(huán)境；情況8circumstance H貢獻(xiàn)9average I消費(fèi)；消耗10contribution J結(jié)果答案：1I2A3B4C5E6F7J8G9D10H.根據(jù)所給漢語提示寫出單詞1_ n洪水；水災(zāi)2_ vt.反對；反抗3_ adj.平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的4_ adj.分布廣的；普遍的5_ vt.擁護(hù)；提倡，主張6_ n污染；弄臟答案：1.flood2.oppose3.steady4.widespread5.a
6、dvocate6.pollution.根據(jù)英語釋義寫出單詞1_：a quick look2_：an amount or a number of sth3_：to pay money regularly to support a charity4_：to express something in speech or writing， especially in a definite or formal way5_：happening or chosen without any definite plan，aim or pattern6_：to take a particular directio
7、n7_：a sudden event resulting in great loss and misfortune8_：the limits between which sth varies；a set of products of a particular type答案：1.glance2.quantity3.subscribe4.state5.random6.tend7.catastrophe8.range.選用短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子keep on；be opposed to；come about；result in；subscribe to；go up；quantities of；eve
8、n if1There are large _ rain in this area.2Do you know how global warming _?3I have never _ the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life.4If you want to make the kite _， pull the string hard，and then release it slowly.5His careless speech _ much argument.6We _ the practice of power pol
9、itics between nations.答案：1.quantities ofes about3.subscribed to4go up5.resulted in6.are opposed to.領(lǐng)會句子所用的句型并譯成漢語1That probably does not seem much to you or me，but it is a rapid increase when_compared_to other natural changes._2There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1)and tha
10、t it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon._3Without the “greenhouse effect”，the earth would_be about thirtythree degrees Celsius cooler than it is._答案：1.這個數(shù)值對你我來說可能是無所謂的，但是跟其他自然變化相比較而言，這卻是一種快速的增長。2毫無疑問，地球是在變暖(見表一)，而地球變暖正是人類活動導(dǎo)致的，并非是一種無規(guī)律的自
11、然現(xiàn)象。3如果沒有“溫室效應(yīng)”，地球溫度將比現(xiàn)在低大約33攝氏度。語篇理解課文表層理解.判斷正(T)誤(F)1The temperature in the last century did not seem to increase much.()2Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activity of humans.()3Janice Foster believes that she can measure the future global rise in temperature.()4The rise in ca
12、rbon dioxide is causing a steady increase in global warming.()5George Hambley believes that global warming will do good rather than harm to the earth. ()6It is clear what the effects of global warming will be.()答案：1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.F.讀課文回答問題1What do they think about global warming？Do they agree with
13、one another?_2What are the two graphs about in the text?_3What is the main topic of the article?_答案：1.There are some very different attitudes among scientists towards this issue.Some think the effects will be terrible, while some others believe that we should not worry about it.2The first graph show
14、s the temperature increase of one degree Fahrenheit between 1860 to 2000.The second graph shows the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.3Global warming/The warming of the earth.表格填空The burning of 1._ like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy.During the 20th century the t
15、emperature of the earth rose about 2._ degree Fahrenheit.The levels of carbon dioxide have 3._ greatly over the last 100 to 150 years.Charles Keeling found that the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 4._ parts to around 370 parts per million between 1957 and 1997.Dr Janice Foster s
16、ays that the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius，but it could be as high as 5 degrees over the next 5._ years.The climate could be very seriousA rise of several metres in the 6._Severe storms, floods，7._，famines.The spread of diseases.The disappearance of8._We should not wo
17、rry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.It will make plants grow 9._；crops will produce 10._；it will encourage a greater range of animals.答案：1.fossil fuels2.one3.increased4.3155.1006.sea level7.droughts8.species9.quicker10.more課文深層理解.讀課文匹配段落大意1Para.1AThe cause of the earths becoming warme
18、r2Para.2 BThe consequence of burning fossil fuels3Para.3 CThe increase of carbon dioxide4Para.4 DGlobal warming will go on5Para.5 EPuzzles about global warming6Para.6 FDifferent attitudes to global warming7Para.7 GAn introduction to the passage答案：1.G2.A3.B4.C5.D6.F7.E.閱讀P26P27文，選擇最佳答案1Who found out
19、the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1977?ADr Janice Foster.BCharles Keeling.CGeorge Hambley. DSophie Armstrong.2The author probably agrees that_Aactually global warming is good for manBwe should do nothing about the global warmingCcatastrophes will happen if the globe keeps o
20、n warmingDa lot remains to be found out about the effects of global warming3Whats the main idea of the second paragraph?AThe cause of the earths becoming warmer.BThe consequence of burning fossil fuels.CThe increase of carbon dioxide.DGlobal warming will go on.4According to George Hambley，_Aglobal w
21、arming is a very serious problemBtheres no need to worry about global warmingCthe levels of CO2 in the air will become lower in the futureDmore animals will make greenhouse gases decrease5We can infer from the text that_Athe debate about the effects of global warming has not been settledBthe greenho
22、use effect is the result of peoples actionsCall scientists think it is important to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphereDreducing greenhouse gases will immediately decrease the earths temperature答案：1.B2.D3.A4.B5.A知識聚焦 講練互動要點(diǎn)直擊1. consume vt.消費(fèi)；消耗；耗盡；吃完；毀滅(教材原句P25)Make a list of the things that
23、consume energy in your home，school，or any other places you can think of.列舉一下在你家里、學(xué)校里或者其他任何你能想到的地方的消耗能量的東西。She consumed most of her time in reading.她把大部分時間都花在讀書上。The electricity industry consumes large quantities of fossil fuels.電力工業(yè)消耗大量的礦物燃料。 歸納拓展be consumed with.被所折磨consume sth in(doing)sth把用在(做)某事
24、上timeconsuming adj.耗費(fèi)時間的consumer n消費(fèi)者consumption n消費(fèi)量 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。Her old car _ (consumer) much fuel.單句改錯。He was consumed of guilt after the accident._完成句子。The kids soon _ on the table.孩子們一會兒工夫就把桌子上的食品全部吃光了。She didnt pass the exam，because she _ TV.她考試不及格，因為她把大部分時間都花在看電視上了。答案：consumedofwithconsumed al
25、l the foodconsumed most of her time in (watching)2when引導(dǎo)的省略句(教材原句P26)That probably does not seem much to you or me，but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.這對你我來說很可能是無所謂的，但是跟其他自然變化相比而言，這卻是一種快速的增長。句式分析when compared to.是時間狀語從句的省略，其完整形式為：when it is compared to.英語中有時為了避免重復(fù)，在不損害句
26、子結(jié)構(gòu)或不引起誤解的原則下，往往省去一個或多個句子成分或單詞。在以when，while等連詞引導(dǎo)的時間、條件、方式、讓步等狀語從句中，常常省略相同的主語或作主語的代詞it以及be動詞，而保留現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、介詞短語、不定式等。When compared to our small flat，Bills house seemed like palace.和我們的小公寓相比，比爾的房子就像是宮殿。 歸納拓展?fàn)钫Z從句中的省略用法：If(I am)given another chance，I will do it much better.要是再得到一次機(jī)會，我會把它做得更好。Even if (I w
27、ere) invited to the party，I wouldnt go.即使受邀參加聚會，我也不會去。 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。When _ trouble，she always goes to her teacher for help.I wont go to the party even though _ (invite)完成句子。_, he is sure to get well.如果再給他同樣的治療，他肯定會痊愈的。_，you should remain silent at the conference.除非被邀請講話，否則你應(yīng)該在會上保持沉默。答案：ininvitedIf giv
28、en the same treatment againUnless invited to speak3come about發(fā)生；造成(教材原句P26)So how has this come about and does it matter?那么，它是怎么產(chǎn)生的呢？會產(chǎn)生什么影響呢？He told me how the accident came about.他告訴我那事故是怎樣發(fā)生的。The car accident was horrible，but nobody knows how it came about.那次車禍真可怕，但是沒有人知道它是怎么造成的。提示come about是不及物動
29、詞短語，不能用于被動語態(tài)，常指情況不受人控制的突然發(fā)生。有時用it作形式主語，that從句作真正主語。常用句型：How did it come about that.？某事是怎么發(fā)生的？It came about that“發(fā)生了”。 歸納拓展come 短語薈萃come across偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；遇見come along出現(xiàn)；進(jìn)展come back回來；在記憶中重現(xiàn)come in進(jìn)入；到達(dá)come out顯露；出版come to總共；恢復(fù)知覺come through安然度過(危險、困難等)come up上來；上升；被提出；出現(xiàn)The moon came out from behind the cl
30、ouds.月亮從云后露出臉來。Ill let him know if anything comes up.如有什么事，我會告訴他的。 易混辨析come about/happen/take place/break out/occur詞語辨析come about強(qiáng)調(diào)“偶然發(fā)生”，也指差別、爭論的產(chǎn)生。常用于疑問句和否定句happen是普通用語，指“偶然發(fā)生”。常用于sth happen(to sb)結(jié)構(gòu)；也有“碰巧是，恰好是”的意思，用于it happens that.或sb/sth happen(s) to be/do sth結(jié)構(gòu)中take place指“按計劃、安排做”；可引申為“進(jìn)行，舉行”
31、break out指“(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疾病等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)”occur可指“偶然發(fā)生”，也指“計劃發(fā)生某事”；occur還表示“突然想到”，常用于it occurs to sb that.結(jié)構(gòu) 即學(xué)即練選用以上短語的正確形式填空。Ill never understand how it _ that you were late three times a week.我不明白你怎么會一星期遲到三次。The question is bound to _ at the meeting.會上一定會提出這個問題。I _ him on my way home.我碰巧在回家的路上看見了他。Great chan
32、ges _ in our hometown during the last ten years.在過去的十年里我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。A fire _ in the hospital at night. 醫(yī)院晚上發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。_ she didnt know I had moved into the new house.我突然想起她不知道我已經(jīng)搬進(jìn)了新家。答案：came aboutcome uphappened to seehave taken placebroke outIt suddenly occurred to me that4quantities of/a quantity of大量
33、的(教材原句P26)The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.當(dāng)我們向空氣中排放大量額外的二氧化碳的時候，問題就開始了。Quantities of food were on the table.桌上擺了大量食物。The factory turns out a large quantity of paper products.這家工廠生產(chǎn)大量的紙制品。 歸納拓展a large/small quantity oflarge/small quantities o
34、f“大/少量的”，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞a quantity of后接名詞作主語時，謂語常用單數(shù)形式quantities of后接名詞作主語時，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)形式in quantity在數(shù)量上；大量地in large quantities大量地Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity/in large quantities.大批量購貨較便宜。The police found large quantities of drugs at his home.警察在他家發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量毒品。 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。Its cheaper to make produ
35、ctions _ quantity.The Emperor gave a large quantity _ money to the cheaters in advance.完成句子。花園里剩下大量的花。(quantities of)_他總是大批量地買東西。(in quantity)_單句改錯。Large quantities of rain is needed in this area._A large amount of rice were sent to the front._答案：inofThere are quantities of flowers left in the garde
36、n.He always buys things in quantity/in large quantities.isarewerewas5result in導(dǎo)致(lead to)(教材原句P26)They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他們也同意，正是由于燃燒的化石燃料越來越多而導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。The accident resulted in three people being kil
37、led.這一事故導(dǎo)致三人死亡。 歸納拓展result from由產(chǎn)生as a result因此；結(jié)果as a result of作為的結(jié)果；由于without result無效地；毫無結(jié)果地His illness resulted from bad food. 他的病是由于吃了變質(zhì)的食物所致。He was late as a result of the snow.由于下雪他遲到了。 易混辨析result in/result from詞語辨析result in引起，導(dǎo)致，產(chǎn)生。側(cè)重于結(jié)果，即主語是原因，in后面接導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。result from起因于，由產(chǎn)生。側(cè)重于起因，即主語是結(jié)果，from
38、后面接事情的起因。爭吵導(dǎo)致了混亂。注意：result inlead to(導(dǎo)致)；result fromlie in(在于)Global warming results from the burning of fossil fuels，such as petroleum products，resulting in the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.全球變暖是燃燒石油等礦物燃料引起的，從而導(dǎo)致了溫室氣體被排放到大氣中。 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。Acting before thinking always results _ fai
39、lure.His sickness resulted _ eating too much.單句改錯。As the result，he had to leave his homeland._完成句子。She was late _ snow.她由于下雪而來遲了。There is no doubt that your success has _ your hard work.毫無疑問，你的成功是你辛勤勞動的結(jié)果。These measures _ a great victory.由于采取了這些措施，結(jié)果打了一場大勝仗。答案：infromtheaas a result ofresulted fromre
40、sulted in6be opposed to反對(to為介詞)(教材原句P27)On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambley，who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面，還有一些像喬治漢布利這樣的科學(xué)家，他們反對這種觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為我們不必為空氣中的二氧化碳含量高而擔(dān)心。I am opposed to going shopping with o
41、thers.我反對與其他人一起外出購物。 歸納拓展oppose vt.反對；反抗oppose doing sthobject to doing sth反對做opposed adj.反對的；對立的be opposed to doing sthbe against sth反對be opposed to sb doing sth反對某人做 即學(xué)即練完成句子。The mother opposed her daughters _這位母親反對她女兒一個人去那兒。His employees _ as a result of the salaries.因為工資問題，他的員工反抗他。My father was
42、violently _ my _ abroad.我父親極力反對我出國。Most of the students oppose _ on Sunday.大部分學(xué)生反對星期天上課。答案：going there aloneopposed himopposed to，goinghaving classes7. consequence n結(jié)果；后果；影響(教材原句P27)They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.他們預(yù)言說，變暖的情況不會很嚴(yán)重，對環(huán)境的影響也不會太大。Many b
43、elieve that poverty is a direct consequence of over population.許多人認(rèn)為貧困是人口過多造成的后果。Our findings have farreaching consequences for researchers.我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)對研究人員具有深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 歸納拓展in consequence/as a consequenceas a result因此；結(jié)果in consequence of/as a consequence ofas a result of由于原因take/suffer/face the consequence of
44、承擔(dān)/承受后果of little/no consequence不重要的；無足輕重的consequent adj.隨之發(fā)生的；由引起的consequently adv.所以；因而 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。The city was in ruins _ consequence of/_ a consequence of a severe earthquake.I overslept，and _ a consequence I was late for work.用consequence的適當(dāng)形式填空。If you stick to that，you shall take the _The bank
45、refused to give the company more time._， it went bankrupt.完成句子。It rained yesterday，and _ the match was cancelled.昨天下雨，結(jié)果比賽被取消了。_ a big fire，the house was completely destroyed.由于一場大火，房屋被摧毀了。答案：inasasconsequencesConsequentlyin consequence/as a consequenceAs a consequence of/In consequence of8state vt.
46、陳述；說明 n狀態(tài)；狀況range n種類；范圍 v排列；變化(教材原句P27)In fact，Hambley states，“More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.It will make plants grow quicker；crops will produce more；it will encourage a greater range of animalsall of which will make life for human beings better.”事實(shí)上，漢布利這樣說：“二氧化碳含量的增加實(shí)際上是件好事。它使植物
47、生長更快，莊稼產(chǎn)量更高，還會促進(jìn)很多動物的生長所有這些都能改善人類的生活?！?1)state vt.陳述；說明 n狀態(tài)；狀況He has already stated his intention to run for election.他已聲明打算參加競選。She was in a terrible state when we arrived.我們抵達(dá)時，她情緒很不好。 歸納拓展in a(n).state/in a state of處于的狀態(tài)state that陳述It is stated that.據(jù)說statement n陳述；聲明make a statement聲明issue a sta
48、tement發(fā)表聲明 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。It _ (state) that more than thirty people were killed in the accident.Soon afterwards he made his first public _ (state) about the affair.完成句子。She is _，which worried her parents much.她健康狀況不佳，這使得她父母很擔(dān)心。_ the service in that hotel is better than before.據(jù)稱那家旅館的服務(wù)水平比以前好多了。答案：is sta
49、tedstatementin a state of poor healthIt is stated that(2)range n種類；范圍 v排列；變化The price of the house is well beyond our range.這所房子的價格遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了我們所能承受的范圍。The temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade.溫度在攝氏30度到40度之間。助記：熟詞arrange排列生詞range根義排列射程；距離根義排列系列；山脈(變動)范圍；幅度論及；涉及(在某范圍內(nèi))變動；變化) 歸納拓展range fr
50、om.to.在到范圍內(nèi)變化range between.and.在和之間beyond/out of.range超出的范圍in the range(of)在范圍內(nèi) 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。He shouted angrily at anyone _ range.The boys ages range from 15 _ 18.The temperature ranges _ 0 and 30 .用range的相關(guān)詞語完成下面小片段。The supermarket keeps _ goods.Their prices _ just only a few yuan _ several hundred y
51、uan.According to their varieties，the shop assistants _ them neatly on the shelves.這家超市有種類繁多的商品。它們的價格從幾元到幾百元不等。根據(jù)它們的種類，售貨員們把它們整齊地排列在不同的貨架上。答案：withintobetweena wide range ofrange fromtorange9even if即使 keep on繼續(xù)(教材原句P27)Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，t
52、he climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳及其他溫室氣體的含量，在未來幾十年或幾個世紀(jì)內(nèi)氣候還會持續(xù)變暖。(1)even if即使Well go even if it rains.即使下雨我們也要去。I wouldnt tell you even if I knew.即使我知道我也不會告訴你。 歸納拓展even if相當(dāng)于even though，為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。若從句所假設(shè)的事情難以實(shí)現(xiàn)，則從句的謂語要用虛擬語氣。 即學(xué)即練完成句子。_ she gets her A le
53、vels，she is going to have problems finding a job.即便她通過了高級水平考試，她以后找工作也成問題。_，they decided to part.他們雖然相愛，但還是決定分手。單句改錯。As if the advertiser said over and over again his drugs could cure my knee ache，I still thought he was lying._As though it will take me six weeks，I am determined to finish the job._答案：
54、Even ifEven though they loved each otherAsEvenAsEven(2)keep on繼續(xù)The climbers kept on in the hope of reaching the top with the last effort.登山隊員們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，希望最后一鼓作氣地到達(dá)峰頂。They kept on working although they were tired.他們雖然很疲勞，但還是繼續(xù)工作。 歸納拓展keep away from避開；不接近keep off(使)讓開；(使)不接近keep out擋住；使不進(jìn)去keep to遵守；堅持keep up維持；保持keep up with(sb)跟上(某人) 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。We sang songs to keep _ our spirits when we were marching.We must keep up _ the rapidly developing situation.完成句子。When the teacher came in，_.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來的時候，他們?nèi)栽诶^續(xù)講話。_
2018秋高中英語 Unit 4 Global warming同步練習(xí) 新人教版選修6
