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1、黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計高樓清洗機(jī)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計系部名稱:機(jī)電工程學(xué)院專業(yè)班級:機(jī)械設(shè)計制造及其自動化08-12學(xué)生姓名:指導(dǎo)教師:職稱:講師黑龍江工程學(xué)院二一二年六月黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計TheGraduationDesignforBachelorsDegreeDesignofMechanicalandElectricalSystemoftheWashingMachineCandidate:JinPengSpecialty:MechanicalDesignandManufacturing&AutomationClass:08-12Supervisor:Lecturer
2、.GuoShaowenHeilongjiangInstituteofTechnology2012-06Harbin黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計摘要近年來,隨著社會的發(fā)展,樓層越來越高,使用玻璃幕墻的樓房也越來越多,避免清洗時一個很重要的問題,傳統(tǒng)的方式多數(shù)為人工,或者是采用電纜從樓頂將機(jī)器人吊下,工作效率偏低,危險性高,于是清洗用爬壁機(jī)器人應(yīng)運而生,本文的任務(wù)就是設(shè)計一種能夠在壁面上吸附行走的清洗機(jī)器人。本文在簡單介紹清洗機(jī)器人的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,基于二維軟件CAD對四輪式風(fēng)壓吸附清洗機(jī)器人的本體機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,對一些關(guān)鍵部分進(jìn)行了設(shè)計計算及校核計算,重點是爬壁機(jī)器人的移動結(jié)構(gòu)、吸附結(jié)構(gòu)
3、和驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計計算。本文設(shè)計的清洗機(jī)器人采用四輪式小車形狀結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)構(gòu)簡單;采用風(fēng)壓吸附方式,利用螺旋槳對空氣的壓縮所產(chǎn)生的壓力將機(jī)器人壓在物體表面,避免了清晰機(jī)器人對壁面的局限,降低了控制難度;清洗機(jī)主要由伺服懸吊系統(tǒng)、清洗主機(jī)和由計算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)組成;采用無人化清洗,自動清洗,自動供水,自動供清洗液,單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)控制,操作人員只需通過鍵盤即可操縱清洗機(jī)工作,而且在清洗過程中,清洗機(jī)能夠自動進(jìn)行邊緣識別,可根據(jù)建筑樓層的具體情況選擇為縱洗或橫洗;采用后輪驅(qū)動,一個電機(jī)驅(qū)動兩個后輪,后輪帶動前輪完成機(jī)器人的行走,使用直齒圓柱齒輪傳動裝置作為減速器;采用樓頂供電;機(jī)器人可以在水平面或者垂直表面直線行
4、走。本機(jī)的清洗效率較高,清洗效果良好。關(guān)鍵詞:清洗機(jī)器人;減速器設(shè)計;風(fēng)壓吸附;單片機(jī)控制;齒輪機(jī)構(gòu);電機(jī)控制;刷洗;黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計ABSTRACTInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofsociety,moreandmorefloors,withglasscurtainwallbuildingmoreandmoretoavoidcleaningaveryimportantissue,mostofthetraditionalwayofartificial,oracablefromthetopofthebuildingwillbeusedunderthe
5、roboticcrane,lowefficiency,high-risk,thencleanedwithawall-climbingrobotcameintobeing,thistaskistodesignawalkontheadsorptiontothewallclimbingrobotforcleaning.Thispaperbrieflywall-climbingrobotbasedontheresearchstatus,basedon2Dsoftware,CAD,four-wheelvacuumonwall-climbingrobotbodybodiesweredesigned,car
6、riedoutonsomekeysatisfiedwiththedesigncalculationandcheckingterms,focusingonthemobileclimbingrobotstructure,adsorptionstructureanddrivesystemdesignandcalculation.Thisdesignedwall-climbingrobotcarwithfour-wheel-typeshapeofthestructure,simplestructure;Bypressureadsorption,robotusingthepressuregenerate
7、dbythepropelleronthecompressedairpressureinthesurface,avoidingtheclearlimitationsoftherobotonthewall,reducingthedifficultyofcontrol;Washingmachineissuspendedbyaservosystem,cleaninghostandconsistsofcomputercontrolsystem;Thecleaningoftheunmanned,automaticcleaning,automaticwatersupplyforautomaticwashin
8、gliquid,singlechipcontrolsystem,operatingonlythroughthekeyboardtomanipulatetheworkofthewashingmachineinthecleaningprocess,thewashingmachinetoautomaticedgerecognition,accordingtothebuildingfloorwashforverticalorhorizontalwash;Rear-wheeldrive,amotortodrivethetworearwheels,rearwheeldrivethefrontwheelst
9、ocompletetherobottowalk,useofthespurgeartransmissiondeviceasreducer;Roofsupply;robotwalkastraightlinecanbehorizontalorverticalsurface.Thehigherthecleaningefficiencyofthemachineagoodcleaningeffect.Keywords:CleaningRobot;ReducerDesign;PressureAdsorptionMode;MCUControl;Gearmechanism;Motorcontrol;Scrub;