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1、 Lesson 25 Do the English speak English? 英國(guó)人講的是英語(yǔ)嗎？ Why does the writer not understand the porter? I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The
2、 porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. he answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. I am a foreigner, I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and
3、 I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn English! he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them! Do they speak English?參照譯文我終于到了倫敦?；疖囌竞艽?，又黑又暗。我不懂得去飯店的路該怎么走，
4、于是向一種搬運(yùn)工打聽。我的英語(yǔ)講得不僅非常認(rèn)真，并且咬字也非常清晰。然而搬運(yùn)工卻不明白我的話。我把問(wèn)話反復(fù)了諸多遍。她終于聽懂了。她回答了，但她講得既不慢也不清晰?！拔沂莻€(gè)外國(guó)人，”我說(shuō)。于是她說(shuō)得慢了，可我還是聽不懂。我的教師歷來(lái)不那樣講英語(yǔ)！我和搬運(yùn)工相視一笑。接著，她說(shuō)了點(diǎn)什么，這回我聽懂了?！澳鷷?huì)不久學(xué)會(huì)英語(yǔ)的！”她說(shuō)。我感到奇怪。在英國(guó)，人們各自說(shuō)著一種不同的語(yǔ)言。英國(guó)人之間互相聽得懂，可我卻不懂她們的話！她們說(shuō)的是英語(yǔ)嗎？ 【New words and expressions】（5）1 railway reilwei n.鐵路2 porter p:t n.搬運(yùn)工3 several
5、sevrl 幾種4 foreignerfrin n.外國(guó)人5 wonderwnd v.感到奇怪一單詞解說(shuō)：railway n. 鐵路，鐵道 U (Br.)/ railroad (Am.)a line of railway 一條鐵路railway station 火車站railway n. 軌道 (pl.) Ceg. The railway was opened to traffic last year. 這條鐵路是去年通車的。high level railway 高架鐵路表達(dá)“地鐵”的詞匯：subway sbwei (Am.)tube tju:b (Br.)underground (Br.)m
6、etro metru (Paris) 地鐵rail n. 橫桿，扶手，圍欄，軌道jump rail 出軌stair rails 樓梯扶手ride the rails 逃票乘火車sit on the rails (Am.) 騎墻，保持中立railing n. 欄桿iron-bar railing 鐵欄桿porter n. 搬運(yùn)工，腳夫（在車站，機(jī)場(chǎng)，旅館等處的）bellboy / pageboy (Am.) 旅館，俱樂(lè)部等一般穿制服的男服務(wù)員port n. 港，口岸clear a port 出港close a port 封港reach a port / enter a port 入港eg. Ma
7、ny ships frequent the port. 許多船只常來(lái)此港。eg. Any port in a storm. 慌不擇路，窮途之策。 （諺）several1) more than three but fewer than many 某些，幾種eg. Several more people than usual came to the concert.來(lái)音樂(lè)會(huì)的人比平常多了幾種。eg. I repeated my questions several times. 我把問(wèn)題反復(fù)了幾遍。2) 各自的，各個(gè)的（文）eg. Several men, several minds. 人各有志；1
8、0個(gè)人有10個(gè)樣。（諺）foreigner n. 外國(guó)人a blue-eyed foreigner 一種藍(lán)眼睛的外國(guó)人entertain foreigners 款待外賓 entertain ,enttein vt. & vi.款待, 招待foreign frin adj. 外國(guó)的，無(wú)關(guān)的，陌生的foreign languageforeign goods 外國(guó)貨foreign students 留學(xué)生foreign affairs 外交事務(wù)foreign policy 外交政策foreign trade 外貿(mào)eg. The question is foreign to the matter in
9、 hand. 這問(wèn)題與解決中的事情無(wú)關(guān)。eg. The subject is foreign to us. 我們對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題很陌生。overseas / oversea adj. 在海外的，來(lái)自海外的，僑居海外的overseas trade 海外貿(mào)易adv. 在海外， 來(lái)自海外go overseas 到海外去，adj. + er n.strange strangerforeign foreignerwonder n./v.1) n. 奇跡the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇跡eg. What a wonder. 真奇妙！eg. It is a wonder t
10、hat he survived the plane crash. 她在空難中幸存下來(lái)，真是個(gè)奇跡。and no wonder / and little wonder （用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)前面的句子）局限性為奇，難怪eg. He declined our offer, and no wonder. 難怪她回絕了我們的予以。decline diklain vt. & vi.辭謝; 謝絕(邀請(qǐng)等)a nine-day wonder 一時(shí)的轟動(dòng)No wonder that / It is no wonder that 難怪eg. No wonder you were late! 難怪你來(lái)晚了。2) v. 感到驚
11、奇、驚訝wonder at sth 對(duì)某事感到驚奇eg. We wonder at the speed of modern trains. 我們對(duì)現(xiàn)代火車的速度感到驚奇。接賓語(yǔ)從句：eg. I wonder that you werent killed. 真奇怪，你居然沒(méi)有被殺死。3. v. 對(duì)某事感到好奇，想懂得ask oneself questionseg. I wonder who he is. 我真想懂得她是誰(shuí)。eg. I wonder whether you can lend me 20. 我想懂得你與否能借給我20英鎊。wonderful adj. 令人驚奇的，絕妙的，神奇的（口）
12、eg. She is a wonderful mother. 她是位偉大的媽媽。eg. She is a wonderful wife. 她是位極杰出的妻子。eg. The weather is wonderful. 天氣棒極了。eg. The teacher is wonderful. 這位教師非常好。eg. The enthusiasm to study English is wonderful. 這種學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的熱情是極棒的。 enthusiasm inju:zizm n.熱情, 熱心；巨大愛(ài)好, 熱衷的事物二、核心句型Key Structures 并列句如果句子包具有兩個(gè)或更多互不依從的
13、主謂構(gòu)造，就是并列句。并列句中的分句一般用連詞來(lái)連接，常用的連詞有：and, but, so ,yet, or, both.and, eitheror, neithernor, not only.but also, not only.but.as welland 前后是順承關(guān)系but 前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系so因果關(guān)系yet轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系or表達(dá)否則的意思both.and 不僅.并且.either.or 或者A或者Bneither.nor 既不.也不.not only.but also 不僅.并且.not only.but.as well 不僅.并且.1) The camera-work is perfec
14、t and the cast is good.電影拍攝非常棒并且演員也非常杰出。2) Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. (諺)玫瑰雖香但刺卻扎人。sting v. 蟄，刺3) Xiao Wang is coming here tomorrow, too, so you might as well come with her.小王明天也來(lái)，因此你來(lái)時(shí)跟她一塊來(lái)吧。4) We must redouble our efforts, or well never be able to catch up with the others.我們必須加倍努力，否則我們永遠(yuǎn)不
15、也許追上別人。5) Both he and工teach English.她和我都教英語(yǔ)He teaches both English and French. 。她既教英語(yǔ)又教法語(yǔ)。6) Either you or I must tell him.He plays either soccer or rugby.或者是你或者是我必須告訴她。她踢英式足球或者是橄欖球。（前半句連接并列的主語(yǔ)，后半句連接并列的賓語(yǔ)。）7) Neither he nor工speak English. 她和我都不講英語(yǔ)。He can neither read nor writer. 她既不能讀也不能寫。He speaks
16、neither English nor French. 她既不講英語(yǔ)也不講法語(yǔ)。Neither.nor連接并列的賓語(yǔ)成分。8) You must not only wash the dishes but sweep the floor as well. 你不僅要洗碗并且要掃地。not only.but as well連接并列的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)成分通過(guò)以上的例句我們總結(jié)出來(lái)：both.and，either.or，neither.nor以及not only.but also在句中連接的是并列的成分。Exercise并列旬用括號(hào)里的詞將兩個(gè)句子連接起來(lái)1) I did not know the way to
17、my hotel. I asked a porter. (so).I did not know the way to my hotel so I asked a porter.我不結(jié)識(shí)去旅館的路，因此我問(wèn)了一種搬運(yùn)工。2) I repeated my question several times. At last he understood. (and)我把問(wèn)題反復(fù)了幾遍，最后她懂得了。I repeat my question several times and at last he understood.3) I spoke English very carefully. I spoke v
18、ery clearly.我講英語(yǔ)非常小心，我講英語(yǔ)非常清晰。I spoke English not only very carefully but very clearly as well.4) He answered me. He did not speak slowly. He did not speak clearly. (but.neither.nor)她回答我了，她發(fā)言既不慢也不清晰。He answered me but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.5) I knocked at the door. He didnt open it. (b
19、ut)我敲了門，她不開。一I knocked at the door but he didnt open it.6) He went on holiday .I went on holiday. (both.and )她去度假了。我去度假了。Both he and工went on holiday. 她和我都去度假了。7) He must be mad. He must be very wise. (either.or)她一定是瘋了。她一定是聰穎的。一He must be either mad or very wise.她或者是瘋了，或者是聰穎的。三、 課文解說(shuō)Text I arrived in
20、 London at last.(arrive in 達(dá)到（大地方）arrive at 達(dá)到（小地方）get toreach vt. 達(dá)到at last 終于，究竟（強(qiáng)調(diào)努力的成果）eg. At last, he succeeded in business. 終于，她生意上成功了。in the end 表達(dá)一種結(jié)局，成果eg. We talked and talked about where to go, but stayed at home in the end.我們不斷地討論去哪兒，但成果還是呆在家里。finally 一般用于句首，順序上的最后firstly, secondly, fina
21、lly 一方面，另一方面，最后eg. Finally, he thanked them and took his leave. 一方面她表達(dá)感謝，然后離開。I arrive in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. 用三個(gè)形容詞對(duì)火車站進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)樸的描述。The railway station was big，black and dark. 這一句交代了作者問(wèn)路的必要，從而引起下文的風(fēng)趣故事。big 更口語(yǔ)化，多用于指體積、重量、規(guī)模、限度方面的大large 指寬度、數(shù)量之大，一般可互換a big buildin
22、g / a large building此外，用large表達(dá)巨大的事物，帶有敬畏的感情色彩eg. He has large hands.black adj.1) 黑色的 white2) 發(fā)黑的，污染的eg. Your hands are black. 你的手臟了。3) 黑皮膚的black coffee 純咖啡4) 不祥的 black Friday 黑色星期五5) 黑暗的 (dark)black and blue 青一塊紫一塊go black 失去知覺(jué)，眼前一黑in the black 有盈余in the red赤字black eye 黑眼圈Swear the black is white.
23、顛倒黑白，指鹿為馬dark adj.1) 黑暗的 lighteg. The sky has turned quite dark. 天空變得非常黑暗。2) 皮膚黝黑的 fair3) 深色的 lightdark blue 深藍(lán)色還可指眼睛、頭發(fā)等很黑的4)陰暗的，憂郁的 dark expression 憂郁的表情in the dark 在暗處eg. A cat can see in the dark. 貓?jiān)诤诎抵幸材芸匆姟n the dark 秘密地，一無(wú)所知地keep a plan in the dark 保持籌劃的秘密性dark horse 不明實(shí)力的馬，競(jìng)賽中實(shí)力不明但被覺(jué)得也許獲勝的人t
24、he Dark Ages 黑暗的時(shí)代歐洲中世紀(jì)知識(shí)藝術(shù)水平衰退而有此稱darken v. 變黑，發(fā)暗eg. Never darken my door again. 別再跨進(jìn)我家門檻。The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter.the way to my hotelto是介詞，可以加名詞、動(dòng)名詞或代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)the way to my hotel 去旅館的路the key to the door 這扇門的鑰匙the answer to
25、the question 這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案the entrance to the building 這幢樓的入口當(dāng)表達(dá)由此及彼的關(guān)系用“to” 體現(xiàn)。so表達(dá)前后是因果關(guān)系I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.not onlybutas well 不僅，并且eg. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.= I not only spoke English very carefully, but also ver
26、y clearly.我講英語(yǔ)不僅非常認(rèn)真并且咬字也非常清晰。The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood.然而這個(gè)搬運(yùn)工卻不能聽懂我的話，however在這里表轉(zhuǎn)折，我把話反復(fù)了幾遍，and在這里表達(dá)順承的關(guān)系，最后她懂了。Understand是及物動(dòng)詞背面接賓語(yǔ)，understood在這里是不及物動(dòng)詞背面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)。He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.
27、neithernor 既不也不eg. They worked neigher for fame nor for personal gains.她們工作既不圖名也不圖利。eg. She could neither speak the language nor write it.這門語(yǔ)言她既不會(huì)說(shuō)也不會(huì)寫。I am a foreigner, I said .Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him.But強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系My teacher never spoke English like that !like that 像那樣eg. I
28、 dont like dishonest person like him. 我不喜歡像她那樣不誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。eg. Like father, like son. 有其父，必有其子。（諺）feel like 想要，意欲feel like doing 想要做eg. I am tired. I dont feel like dancing today. 我累了，我今天不想跳舞。The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn Engl
29、ish! he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them! Do they speak English?I wonder = I am not sure.the English 英國(guó)人English 指英語(yǔ)eg. English is very interesting.eg. The English are very friendly.四、練習(xí)Exercise1. My sis
30、ter went shopping. I went shopping. (Bothand) Both my sister and I went shopping.2. We got very tired. We got very hungry. (not onlybutas well) We not only got very tired but very hungry as well.3. It was three oclock. We could not get lunch. We had a cup of tea. (andso) It was three oclock and we c
31、ould not get lunch so we had a cup of tea.Exercise1. He didnt speak slowly and he didnt speak clearly_.A. neither B. either C. too D. nor她講得不慢，她講得也不清晰。分析：B. 否認(rèn)句中either表達(dá)“也不”；A. 兩者都不，一般不用于帶否認(rèn)詞not的否認(rèn)句中：C. 也，只能用于肯定句中；D. 不能單獨(dú)使用，只能與neither連用，表達(dá)“既不也不”2. He said something and I understood it. He said somet
32、hing _ I understood.A. who B. whose C. whom D. which她講了某些事，我懂了，她講了某些我懂的事情，分析：A. 只能引導(dǎo)修飾人的定語(yǔ)從旬：B. 只能作定語(yǔ)從句中的定語(yǔ)；C. 只能作定語(yǔ)從句中的賓語(yǔ)，指人而不能指物：D. 可以作定語(yǔ)從句中的賓語(yǔ)，指物. 3. I repeated my question several times. I repeated it _times.A. much B. a number of C. only a few D. three我把問(wèn)題反復(fù)了幾次分析：本句需要選一種與several（幾種）意思相近的詞，A. 諸多
33、. 一般修飾不可數(shù)名同；B. 幾種，許多：C. 只有少數(shù)；D. 二個(gè)，太絕對(duì)化了. 4. He will agree to do what you require _ him.A. of B. from C. to D. for她會(huì)批準(zhǔn)你規(guī)定她做的事情分析：Require sth of sb批示，命令某人做某事六、補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容量詞A variety of1）多種各樣的，多種多樣的例: The library had a wide variety of books.圖書館里有多種各樣的書籍。2) 種，一類例：There were several varieties of roses. 有好幾種玫瑰. A wealth of大量的，豐富的例: Jim has a whole wealth of teaching experience.吉姆具有豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
裕興新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)筆記 第25課
