滬教版七年級下冊Unit 6 Electricity單詞和語法

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1、TB店名：貝殼英語大本營1410929811 初中英語教學輔導講義 教師姓名 學生姓名 上 課 時 間 輔導科目 英 語 年 級 七（下） 上 課 表 現(xiàn) 課題名稱 第六講：Unit 6 Electricity 教學 目標 知識點：情態(tài)動詞：can, may和must的用法 考點: 1. 考察本單元單詞短語及句型 2. 考察本單元語法知識運用 能力： 1. 學習并會靈活運用本單元詞匯短語及句型 2. 準確運用本單

2、元語法點：情態(tài)動詞 3. 完型閱讀能力訓練 方法：練習＋歸納 Step 1 Homework Checking l 作業(yè)講評； l 詞匯短語聽寫：單詞得分 短語得分 l 上節(jié)課知識點回顧。 Step 2 Warming-up l 經(jīng)典廣告（二） 1、IBM公司：沒有不做的小生意，沒有解決不了的大問題。 No business too small, no problem too big. 2、三星電子：感受新境界。

3、 Few the new space. 3、麥斯威爾咖啡：滴滴香濃，意猶未盡。 Good to the last drop. 4、百事流行鞋：渴望無限。 Ask for more. Step 3 Phonetic Symbols 語音基礎(chǔ)小練習： 選出下列每組單詞中音節(jié)數(shù)目與其他三項不同的一項。 ( ) 1. A. bottom B. reply C. continue D. return ( ) 2. A. test B. fat C

4、. fridge D. journey ( ) 3. A. major B. enjoy C. tidy D. oxygen ( ) 4. A. remember B. perfect C. potato D. furniture ( ) 5. A. favourite B. harmful C. produce D. airport Step 4 Language Learning Unit Six Electricity 單詞歸納 n. electricity, con

5、versation, rule, wire, cable, moment, battery, cooker, fridge, bulb v. identify, reply, connect, lock, test, tidy, touch adj. foolish pron. anyone 【單詞重點講解】 1. electricity n. 電 e.g. Can you get me a packet of electricity? 你能給我一包電嗎？ 【解析】 （1）electricity 意思是“電”，常常用作不可數(shù)名詞 （2）這個單詞共有五個音節(jié)

6、：e-lec-tri-ci-ty e.g. We use electricity to run machines. 我們使用電力來運行機器。 We need electricity all day long. 我們整天都需要電。 【拓展】 electric adj. 導電的；電動的；電的 electrical adj. 與電有關(guān)的；用電的；電的 【典型例題】 ( ) I don’t want to live in a village without . A. electric B.

7、electrical C. electricity D. electricities 2. anyone pron. 任何人 e.g. Does anyone want anything? 有人要（買）什么東西嗎？ 【解析】 （1）anyone 意思是“任何人”；anything 意思是“任何東西”，它們都是不定代詞，為單數(shù)。 （2）常常用在一般疑問句和否定句中。 e.g. He didn’t tell anyone about his address. 他沒有把他的地址告訴任何人。 Does he want anythi

8、ng to eat? 他想吃什么東西嗎？ 【拓展提高】 其他不定代詞有： 物 人 地點 some- something someone/somebody somewhere any- anything anyone/anybody anywhere no- nothing no one/nobody nowhere every- everything everyone/everybody everywhere 【典型例題】 ( ) 1. I’m hungry. I want __________ to eat. 【中考真題】

9、 A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing ( ) 2. ___________is too difficult if you put your effort into it. 【中考真題】 A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything ( ) 3. ---The story is so amazing! It’s the most interes

10、ting story I’ve ever read. 【中考真題】 ---But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by___________. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody ( ) 4. Julie enjoys listening to music very much. 【中考真題】 She often says to me that_________ is more interesting than

11、 music. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything ( ) 5. ---Is your sister ill? 【中考真題】 ---Yes, but __________, only a little cold. A. serious anything B. nothing serious C. serious nothing D. anything serious 3.

12、moment n. 瞬間；片刻 e.g. I’d like to talk to you for a moment. 我想和你談談。 【拓展】 與moment 相關(guān)的短語： a moment ago 剛剛;剛才 at the moment 現(xiàn)在;此刻 wait a moment 等一會兒 at the moment 此時此刻 for the moment 暫時 in a moment 過一會兒 at any moment 任何時刻 4. battery n. 電池 e.g.

13、 The chemicals inside batteries produce electricity. 電池里面的化學物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生電。 【注意】 battery 意思是“電池”，是可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)形式為batteries。 e.g. The calculator needs a new battery. 計算機需換新電池。 5. cooker n. 廚灶，爐具 【短語】 rice cooker 電飯煲 【拓展】 cook v.烹調(diào)；n.廚師 e.g. A cook is cooking some rice with the cooker now.

14、 一個廚師正在用炊具煮米飯。 6. fridge n. 冰箱 （它也稱為 refrigerator） e.g. Help yourself to the food in the fridge. 請隨便吃冰箱里的食物。 短語歸納 Reading Listening ~ Grammar a packet of 一袋 in packets 幾包的；成包的 look foolish 看上去很傻 flow through 流經(jīng) in a way 在某種程度上

15、(be) connected to 連接到 power station 發(fā)電站 Here you are. 給你。 washing machine 洗衣機 rice cooker 電飯煲 think of 想到 use…to do 用……去做…… play the guitar 彈吉他 rode a bicycle 騎自行車 play chess 下棋 as many…as 和……一樣多的…… be rea

16、dy to do 準備好去做…… take the medicine 吃藥 share sth. with sb. 與…分享/共用… go out alone 獨自外出 Speaking ~ Writing switch off 關(guān)（點燈、機器等） a light bulb 電燈泡 test the water 測試水溫 take a bath 沐浴 tidy up 收拾妥；整理好 air conditioner 空調(diào) m

17、ake rules 制定規(guī)則 ask sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事 More Practice safety tips 安全提示 turn on 打開（電器類） turn off 關(guān)閉（電器類） at least 至少 make sure 確保 care about 關(guān)心 since then 從那以后 more and more 越來越多的…… be careful wi

18、th 小心…… Project divide…into… 把……分成…… one…the other… 一個……另一個…… spend…on… 花……在……上面 【短語句型重點講解】 1. She can’t buy electricity in packets like sweets. 她不能買像糖果一樣包好的電。 【短語】 in packets 意思是“裝在包里的……”。類似詞組：a packet of…(一包……) e.g. Children will get money in red packets as a new y

19、ear’s gift. 孩子們會得到裝在紅包里的壓歲錢作為新年禮物。 【典型例題】 翻譯： 1. 你能幫我買三包鹽嗎？ 2. 我能買到包裝的電。 2. It flows through wires. It’s like water, in a way. 它（電）流過電線。在某種程度上，它就像水。 【解析】 （1）through 意思是“穿過”，是一個介詞，常常指在物體的內(nèi)部穿過。

20、 e.g. The Changjiang River flows through China. 長江流過中國。 It’s dangerous for you to walk through the forest alone. 你獨自穿過森林是危險的。 （2）in a way 意思是“在某種程度上”。 e.g. In a way, I agree with you. 在某種程度上，我同意你的看法。 【拓展】 by the way 順便說說 on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上 in this way 以這種

21、方式； in the way 在路上；擋道 3. These are connected to cables under the street. 他們（電線）被連接到地下電纜。 【短語】 be connected to 意思是“被連接到……” e.g. On the new network, all telephones will be connected to other countries. 在新網(wǎng)路上，所有的電話都將連到別的國家。 【拓展】 connect sth. to/with… 把……和……連接起來 4. We use a lo

22、t of electrical appliances in our homes every day. 我們每天在家里使用很多電器。 【短語】 electrical appliance 意思是“電器”。 electrical 是形容詞（e-lec-tri-cal）。 e.g. Can people in modern times live without electrical appliance? 現(xiàn)代人沒有電器能生活嗎？ The hairdryer is one of the small electrical appli

23、ances. 電吹風是小家電產(chǎn)品之一。 5. Keep the outside of the pot dry. 保持鍋外部干燥。 【解析】 keep sb./sth adj. 意思是“保持（某人/某物）怎樣”，此處的形容詞用于修飾sb./sth. e.g. We must keep our classroom clean every day. 每天我們必須保持課室干凈。 【拓展】 (1) keep + sb. / sth. + 形容詞 意為“讓某人/某物保持某種狀態(tài)”。 (2) keep doing sth.

24、 連續(xù)不斷地做某事，一直做。強調(diào)不斷重復的動作。 (3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 讓某人不斷地做某事 (4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 e.g. We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我們必須防止他們知道我們的計劃。 【典型例題】 ( ) 1. Do you know how to keep yourself _____ when you are in danger? A. safely B

25、. safety C. safe D. save 2. 我們必須阻止人們伐樹。 3. 我爸爸一直工作到半夜。 【課堂基礎(chǔ)練習】 一、根據(jù)句意及所給的首字母提示寫出所缺單詞，并注意其形式。 1. When you read books

26、in the library, you must obey the r_________. 2. Is a_________ worried about the English exam? 3. You shouldn’t make such a f_________ mistake. 4. The little boy went to bed. A m_________ later, he fell asleep. 5. The girl is shy. She can’t start a c_________ with strangers easily. 6. The scien

27、tists says we can use wind to produce e_________. 7. If you can’t eat all the meat, you can put it in the f_________. 8. Don’t t_________ the hot iron, or it will hurt your hand. 9. My toy car doesn’t run because the b_________ is used up. 10. I want to t_________ your IQ by answering these ques

28、tions. 二、根據(jù)中文意思，完成下列句子。 1. 媽媽買了一袋蘋果和一箱牛奶。 Mum bought _________ ________ _________ apples and a box of milk. 2. 這條電線與電視機相連。 The wire _________ _________ _________ the TV. 3. 我的姐姐正在整理她的房間。 My sister is _________ _________ her bedroom. 4. 你發(fā)完郵件后別忘記關(guān)電腦。 Don’t forget to _________ _

29、________ the computer after you send the email. 5. 請確認每個學生都在教室里。 Please _________ _________ every student is in the classroom. 6. 在某種程度上，長假期有時會令人感到無聊。 _________ _________ _________, long holidays are sometimes boring. 三、從方框中選擇適當?shù)亩陶Z填空，并注意其形式。 washing machine be careful with,

30、 share…with, air conditioner, take the medicine switch on, go out alone 1. We should ____________ the electricity. It’s dangerous. 2. In hot summer, most families use ____________ to help them sleep well. 3. Will you ____________ your photos ____________ me? 4. She was ill but

31、she didn’t want to ____________. 5. Please ____________ the computer. I need to type some letters. 6. Don’t ____________ at midnight. It’s not safe. 7. Nobody washes clothes at my home, but the ____________ does the work. 【語法歸納】 情態(tài)動詞 can, may和must 【定義】 1、情態(tài)動詞是一類用于表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài)的助動詞。 2、常表示命令、

32、請求、拒絕、義務、可能、需要等。 【專題精講】 一、can/could； can’t/couldn’t (否定) 1) 表示能力, 意為“能、會” 如：I can speak a little English. I can’t swim. --- Can you ride a bike? --- Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 2) 表示請求或允許，多用于口語中，意為“可以、能”等 如：You can go home now. You c

33、an’t stop your car here. --- Can I borrow your bike? --- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 3) 用于否定句、疑問句中，表示猜測、懷疑或不肯定. 如：Lucy can’t be at home now, she went to the park just now. Where can it be? I can’t find my football. 【技能必備】 1）could 是can的過去式, 有兩種用法： 一種表示過去式； 一種用來表達更加客氣, 委

34、婉的語氣, 時態(tài)性不強, 可用于過去，現(xiàn)在。 2）be able to 意為“有能力，能夠做...”, 相當于can/could, 但它有人稱，數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。 二、may; may not (否定) 1) 表示“請求，許可”，此時與 can 同義，可以互換使用 如：---May I borrow your bike? --- Yes, you may. / No, you may not. ---Can I borrow your bike? --- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 2) may/mi

35、ght表示不太肯定的猜測，意為“有可能” 如：Lucy may come to school late today. It might rain today. 【技能必備】 might 是may 的過去式, 有兩種用法： 一種表示過去式； 一種表示更加委婉, 客氣的語氣或?qū)赡苄缘膽岩伞? 三、must; mustn’t (否定) 1) must (“必須”, 表示命令)， mustn’t (“一定不能”, 表示強烈禁止…) 如：You must go to bed before 22:00pm. You mustn’t pl

36、ay with fire. It’s dangerous! ---Must I write down the sentences？ ---No, you needn’t. (---No, you don’t have to.) 【技能必備】 在回答must的疑問句中，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to表示“不必”，不用mustn’t 2) must 還可以表示非常肯定的猜測，意為“一定” 如：The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy. 3) must/ have to 的區(qū)別： ①. must表示必須，強調(diào)

37、主觀上的愿望； have to表示“不得不”，強調(diào)客觀需要 如：You must go be bed before 22:00 p.m.. My bike is broken, so I have to go to school on foot. ②. have to 有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化；must則沒有。 如：I have to clean the classroom today. She has to finish her homework first. It was late, he had to go to school without bre

38、akfast. 【要點歸納】 1、情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化, 2、情態(tài)動詞后面跟的動詞需用原形,否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動詞后面加 "not"。 3、個別情態(tài)動詞有過去式, 過去式用來表達更客氣, 委婉的語氣, 時態(tài)性不強, 可用于過去，現(xiàn)在。 【課堂練習】 一、單項選擇。 ( ) 1. Annie is good at singing. She ______ sing many English songs. A. may B. can C. need D. must ( ) 2. --- ______ I sit h

39、ere? --- Sorry, you can’t. A. Need B. Must C. May D. Do ( ) 3. --- Must I get there at 6:30 in the morning? --- No, you ______. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. don’t ( ) 4. Everyone ______ pick the flowers in the park. It’s a rule. A. may not

40、 B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can ( ) 5. --- ______ I use your telephone? --- Sure. Here you are. A. May B. Must C. Need D. Should ( ) 6. Our boss said we ______ finish the project before March 1st. Let’s hurry. A. must B. need C. may D. can (

41、 ) 7. Jack is cleverer than me. He ______ know the answer. A. doesn’t B. can’t C. need D. may ( ) 8. --- Can I watch TV now? --- No, you ______. It’s 10 o’clock. You ______ go to bed. A. can’t, can B. can’t, must C. may not, can D. needn’t, must (

42、 ) 9. It’s dangerous to play in the busy streets. So you ______ play football there. A. may not B. needn’t C. not can D. mustn’t ( ) 10. Let’s take the picture away. Grandpa ______ like it. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t 二、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列句子。 1. We ca

43、n jump 200 times in one minute.（改為否定句） ______________________________________________________________ 2. He must clean all the dishes by himself.（改為一般疑問句并做肯定和否定回答） ______________________________________________________________ 三、情景反應 根據(jù)實際情況回答問題。

44、 1. What must we do before changing the bulb? ___________________________________________________________ 2. When you see somebody smoking in the library, what would you say to him? ___________________________________________________________ 3. Where can you put the meat to keep it fresh? ____

45、_______________________________________________________ 4. What must we do when the air conditioner is on? ___________________________________________________________ 5. Can we switch the rice cooker on if the pot is empty? ___________________________________________________________ 閱讀完型訓練

46、 語法選擇 We were going to have a test today. It would show if we were __1__ to get in an honours class next year. But, I didn’t think it was hard for me. It was the maths part-----my favourite. We took the test __2__ computer. There __3__ 52 questions for us to do in one hour. The boy behind me _4

47、__ nervous. The girl on my left was nervous, __5__. But when I began __6__ the questions, I saw the whole thing __7__ a game. I tried to __8__ easy ways to do the maths problems. At the end of the test, my score was 307. But what did it mean? I had __9__ idea. I asked my friend John. He got 227. Wh

48、en he knew my score, he said, “Oh my God. You’re a talent!” So, I asked _ 10__ people, and got the same answers. ( ) 1. A. enough smart B. too smart C. smart enough D. very smart ( ) 2. A. by B. at C. for D. to ( ) 3. A. was B. had C. were

49、 D. have ( ) 4. A. was looking B. looked C. looks D. was looked ( ) 5. A. either B. also C. yet D. too ( ) 6. A. answering B. answered C. answer D. answers ( ) 7. A. for B. like C. to D. as ( ) 8. A. lo

50、ok B. find out C. find D. search ( ) 9. A. some B. no C. not D. any ( ) 10. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 完型填空 On Christmas Eve a few days ago, an English couple, the Hardens, got a very special call. It was only

51、a 20-second call but it was very __1__. The Hardens’ 15-year-old daughter has gone __2__ six months before. On Christmas Eve she rang them. “I’m phoning to wish you a happy Christmas,” she said, “I love you.” Ronals and Edwine Harden were so __3__ that they started a special telephone service （服務）ca

52、lled “Alive and Well”. The service helps __4__ to get in touch with children who have run away from home. Young people can phone “Alive and Well” and leave a message for their parents. The telephones are answered by answering machines. So __5__ can speak to the child or make him return home. Par

53、ents of runaway children who are __6__ eighteen can ask the police to bring their children home. So children do not want to tell their parents where they are. Through “Alive and Well” they can telephone their parents and they do not __7__ about this or give out their addresses. The Hardens and t

54、heir helpers __8__ the telephone messages and connect（聯(lián)系）the addresses given. About 30,000 British teenagers have left home and many of them are probably in __9__. For only two pence（便士）they can go into a telephone coin box and call their parents. They can dial 5675339 and __10__ a parent worrying:

55、Is he dead or alive? ( ) 1. A. interesting B. important C. difficult D. exciting ( ) 2. A. away B. out C. back D. along ( ) 3. A. angry B. happy C. sad D. kind ( ) 4. A. teachers B. people C. parents D. friends ( ) 5. A. someone B. anyo

56、ne C. everyone D. no one ( ) 6. A. at B. above C. over D. under ( ) 7. A. think B. worry C. talk D. hear ( ) 8. A. ask for B. listen to C. look up D. write down ( ) 9. A. Pairs B. Tokyo C. London D. New York ( ) 10. A.

57、stop B. make C. feel D. leave Homework: ☆ 溫習本堂課所學知識； ☆ 詞匯短語聽寫 ，下節(jié)課檢查； ☆ 鞏固練習： 一、找出下列單詞中音節(jié)數(shù)量與其他不同的單詞。 16. A. supermarket B. computer C. delicious D. battery 17. A. and B. across C. air D. act 18. A. beauty B. question C. trav

58、el D. direction 19. A. surprise B. chemical C. wonderful D. newspaper 20. A. beginning B. modern C. pencil D. ago 二、單項選擇 21. Helen _____ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. Can 22. Johnny,

59、you _____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself. A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t. 23. ---I think he is taking an active part in the social work. ---I agree with you _____. A. in a way B. on the way C. by the way D. in

60、the way 24. I must _____ off the TV when we don’t watch it. A. turned B. turns C. turning D. turn 25. I _____ back in two weeks. A. come B. came C. has come D. will come 26. The door is locked. Let’s try to get into the room _____ the

61、window. A. through B. across C. pass D. past 27. Most people looked _____ after working for a long time. A. tiring B. tire C. tiredly D. tired 28. A moment _____ , my father came in with some presents. A. ago B. later

62、 C. after D. before 29. --- _____ I speak to Mary? --- Speaking. A. Must B. Need C. May D. Shall 30. --- Mum, may I watch TV now? --- Sure, but you _____ help me with my housework first. A. can B. may C. could

63、 D. must 三、閱讀理解。 People sometimes like to read stories of dogs very much. They think that dogs are much cleverer than cats, sheep, cows or other animals in their homes. One of my close friends, Bob, has a very large police dog named Jack. Every Sunday afternoon, Bob and Jack have a walk in

64、 the park nearby. Jack likes these walks very much. One Sunday afternoon, I paid a visit to my friend. I stayed there for a long time and my friend and I had much more talk with each other than ever before. Soon it was time for them to take a walk in the park. We forgot that. Jack became worried abo

65、ut it. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of me and looked at me. But I still paid no attention (注意) to him. I went on talking with my friend. At last, Jack could not wait any longer. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down in front of m

66、e again. But this time, he held my hat in his mouth. Suddenly, I understood what Jack meant and so did my friend. ( ) 31. How many people are there in this story?______. A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four ( ) 32. Which of the following is TRUE about Jack? A. Jack is a close friend of mine. B. Jack enjoys walks in the park every Sunday afternoon. C. Jack has many close friends. D. Jack enjoys talks in the room ( ) 33.