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1、Unit 1Festivals around the world Period 3Learning about language: Grammar整體設(shè)計教材分析This is the third teaching period of this unit. To test whether students have grasped the important and difficult language points they learned in the last period, the teacher should first offer them some revision exerci
2、ses. Then lead in the new lesson.This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: modal verbsthe use of can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, cant. Students often feel modal verbs abstract and difficult, so it is necessary to make the lesson interesting and connect it with the
3、ir daily life in order to make it easy to accept and understand. Firstly, the teacher can ask students to read the reading passage FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS again, tick out the sentences using modal verbs from the reading passage and translate them into Chinese. Secondly, compare and discover the u
4、ses of each modal verb by giving a lot of example sentences. Thirdly, do the exercises in Discovering useful structures on Page 5 and more exercises for students to master the related modal verbs. Finally, summarize the use of can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, cant.At the end
5、 of the class, ask students to do the exercises in Using structures on Page 43 and additional exercises for consolidation.教學(xué)重點Get students to learn and master the use of can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, cant.教學(xué)難點Enable students to learn how to use some modal verbs correctly.
6、三維目標(biāo)知識目標(biāo)1. Get students to know the characters of modal verbs.2. Let students learn the use of can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, cant.能力目標(biāo)Enable students to use modal verbs correctly and properly according to the context.情感目標(biāo)1. Get students to become interested in grammar lea
7、rning.2. Develop students sense of group cooperation.教學(xué)過程設(shè)計方案(一)Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Dictate some new words and expressions.Step 2 Leading-in by a guessing gameThe teacher prepares some little gifts wrapped in paper and let students guess what the gifts are, who will be
8、given the gifts and answer why they guess so. Tell students they can use such modal verbs as may, must, cant, and so on.The teacher may write some sentences on the blackboard according to what students say and explain how to use modal verbs to express speculation, possibility, etc.Suggested sentence
9、s:1. It must be a toy. (speculation)2. It may be a book about how to learn English. (possibility)3. Can it be a pen? (guessing)4. You will give it to student who can speak English well. (promise; ability)5. What you guessed cant be true. (guessing)Step 3 Grammar learning1. Reading and discoveringAsk
10、 students to turn back to Page 1 to read through the passage FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS, let them pick out the sentences using modal verbs and translate them into Chinese.Suggested answers:1. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn
11、.最古老的節(jié)日總是慶祝嚴(yán)寒的結(jié)束、春季的種植和秋天的收獲。2. Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.有些節(jié)日, 是為了紀(jì)念死者, 或者使祖先得到滿足, 因為祖先們有可能回到世上（給人們）提供幫助, 也有可能帶來危害。3. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memo
12、ry of their ancestors.在日本的盂蘭盆節(jié), 人們要掃墓、燒香, 以緬懷祖先。4. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.他們也點起燈籠, 奏響樂曲, 因為他們認(rèn)為這樣可以把祖先引回到世上。5. It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbors homes to ask for sweets.它（萬
13、圣節(jié)前夕）現(xiàn)在是兒童們的節(jié)日, 他們可以喬裝打扮, 到鄰居家要糖吃。6. If the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.如果鄰居們不給糖果, 孩子們可能會捉弄他們。7. Festivals can also be held to honor famous people.有些節(jié)日也可以是紀(jì)念名人的。8. Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.收獲節(jié)和感恩節(jié)是非常喜慶的節(jié)日。9. Some people
14、 might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.有些人可能因為他們的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品（參加評選）而獲獎, 比如最大的西瓜或最帥的公雞。10. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds.狂歡節(jié)也許包括街頭游行、晝夜跳舞、鼓噪的音樂和各種艷麗的盛裝。2. Th
15、inking and discussingLet students read the sentences they picked out, think over and discuss with a partner how each of these modal verbs is being used in the situations. If students have some difficulty, give them a hand.3. Summing up: the use of can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should,
16、must and cant.情態(tài)動詞 (Modal Verbs)情態(tài)動詞主要用來表示說話人的看法、意愿、態(tài)度等。從用法上來說, 它有如下幾個特點:1)情態(tài)動詞本身都有一定的詞義;2)情態(tài)動詞單獨不能在句子中充當(dāng)謂語;3)情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化;4)情態(tài)動詞后接都不帶to的不定式（除ought外）, 即接動詞原形。常用情態(tài)動詞的基本用法1. can/could1)表示腦力或體力上的能力Nobody can stop the development of science.誰也無法阻止科學(xué)的發(fā)展。She can sing that song in English. 她能用英文唱那首歌。He co
17、uld hardly support his family before he found the new job.他在找到那份新工作前幾乎無法養(yǎng)家糊口。I could not understand the lecture on the computer given by Mr. Smith.我聽不懂史密斯先生作的那個關(guān)于計算機的講座。2)表示客觀上的可能性You can borrow this useful book from the library.你可以從圖書館借到這種有用的書。A more suitable person than him for the job can not be
18、found.不可能找到比他更適合這份工作的人了。When the storm stopped, the plane could take off.當(dāng)風(fēng)暴停下來時, 飛機可以起飛了。3)表示主觀上的允許Can I ask you some questions about it? 我可以問你有關(guān)這件事的幾個問題嗎？You can not leave here till I come back.直到我回來你才能離開。Such kind of thing cant happen any more later.這類事以后不準(zhǔn)再發(fā)生了。 Can/Could you tell me how to get t
19、o the airport? 你能告訴我怎么去機場嗎？4)（用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中）表示猜測、懷疑或驚詫How can/could you be here? 你怎么會在這兒？She couldnt/cant be so stupid to do that.她不可能蠢得去做那種事吧。Where could/can the boy be now? 那孩子現(xiàn)在能在哪兒呢？另外, could還常用于表示客氣委婉的看法、提問以及用于虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)中。這時could就不可以看作是can的過去式了, 而是could自己獨特的用法。例如:Could you speak a little slowly?
20、您能說慢一點兒嗎？Im afraid that we couldnt give you any definite answer at this moment.恐怕我們這時候還無法給予您確切的答復(fù)。I could come earlier if asked.如果要讓我早一點來, 我可以來早一點。2. may/might1)表示可能性I may be busy from tomorrow on.從明天起我可能會忙起來。You may catch sight of the sunrise from here when you get up before 5 in the morning.你在早晨五點
21、鐘以前起來, 或許能從這兒看到日出。I wondered if they might agree with the idea.我想知道他們是否會同意這種想法。She thought it might be wise to try her luck here.她認(rèn)為在這兒碰碰運氣也不錯。2)表示允許May I come in? 我可以進來嗎？Id like to have a smoke here if I may.如果可以的話我想在這兒抽一支煙。The librarian told her that she might return the book to the library in thr
22、ee days.圖書管理員告訴她說, 她可以在三天后還那本書。3)may用來表示祝愿May that day come soon. 但愿這天早日到來。May you succeed in winning the first prize in the game.祝愿你比賽奪冠成功。4)might也常用于一些狀語從句中或虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)中I could not convince him, try as I might.我無論用什么樣的辦法也不能說服他。They left off earlier on that day so that they might catch the first train.
23、那天, 他們?yōu)榱粟s上頭班車動身早一些。He died so that the others might live.為了其他的人能活下去, 他自己犧牲了。If you had made better use of your time, you might have learned more.假若你將自己的時間利用得更好一些, 你本可以學(xué)到更多東西的。注意: 在回答以may引導(dǎo)的問句時, 一般避免使用may, 以免顯得太嚴(yán)厲、或不太客氣, 而改用其他方式。例如:May I come in? 我可以進來嗎？Yes, please. /Sure. /Certainly. 請進。Please dont.
24、 請不要進來。/No, you mustnt. 不能進來。3. must1)表示出于職責(zé)、義務(wù)該做某事We must protect the peoples rights.我們應(yīng)該保護人民的利益。Everyone must be loyal to his motherland.每個人都應(yīng)該忠于自己的祖國。Students must work hard at their study.學(xué)生應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。2)表示出于主觀意識而必須要做某事We must speed up the pace of our economic reform.我們必須加速經(jīng)濟改革的步伐。We must keep steps
25、to the scientific development.我們一定要與科學(xué)的發(fā)展保持步調(diào)一致。You must hurry up or youll be late.你必須得快點兒, 不然會遲到的。注意: (1)must和have to的區(qū)別: must表示出于主觀意識而必須要做某事; have to卻表示由于某種客觀原因而不得不做某事, 另外have to還有時態(tài)的變化。例如:I have to go now for Ive got a meeting 15 minutes later.我現(xiàn)在必須要走了, 因為我15分鐘后有個會要開。He has to be back home by fiv
26、e to fetch his son from kindergarten.他必須在五點鐘前回家去幼兒園接他的兒子。(2)在回答以must引導(dǎo)的問句時, 若是否定答復(fù), 不用mustnt, 而用neednt 或dont have to, 因為mustnt表示禁止, 意思是“絕不能”“一定不要”, 而沒有“不必”的意思。例如:Must we hand in our exercises today? 我們今天必須交作業(yè)嗎？Yes, you must. 是的, 必須交。No, you neednt/dont have to. 不, 沒必要。3)用于否定句, 表示禁止Smoking must not b
27、e allowed in the office.嚴(yán)禁在辦公室吸煙。You mustnt talk to girls like that.你絕不能那樣對女孩子說話。4)表示推測（用于肯定句）You must be tired after working so long.你工作這么久了, 肯定累了吧。It must have rained last night for it is so wet outside.外面這么濕, 昨晚肯定下雨了。4. shall用作情態(tài)動詞時, 適用于第二人稱和第三人稱。1)表示允諾The Fairy said, “Whatever you want, you shal
28、l have. ”仙女說: “你想得到什么, 你就可以有什么?！盜 dont want to be hard on your daughter; she shant be pressed.我不想對你女兒太嚴(yán)厲, 她不會太受壓的。2)表示命令You shall come to my office immediately.你必須馬上來我的辦公室。She shall not stay in my garden.她不許呆在我的花園里。3)表示必然That day shall come. 那一天一定會到來。This law shall come into effect on January 1st 20
29、07.這項法律于2007年元月1日生效。4)表示約定The renter shall keep the house in a neat and orderly state.租賃者要保持房屋整潔有序。The supplier shall make shipment before October and the purchaser shall make payment within 15 days after receipt of the goods.賣方十月以前裝運, 買方在收到貨物后十五天內(nèi)付款。5. should1)表示出于職責(zé)、義務(wù)該做某事You shouldnt come to such
30、 a decision hastily.你不應(yīng)該匆匆忙忙地作出這么一個決定。We should read English aloud every morning.我們應(yīng)該每天早晨朗讀英文。2)表示對某種情況的估計She shouldnt be out in such an early morning. 她不會這么一大早就出去了吧。This book should be published in two months at most.這本書最多兩個月后就會出版的。3)用于某些從句中表示虛擬語氣The doctor insisted that the girl should be hospital
31、ized.大夫堅持認(rèn)為那個女孩要住院治療。If it had not been for the doctors care, the girl should not be speaking to you now.要不是由于大夫的精心照料, 這個女孩現(xiàn)在就不能與你說話了。6. will/would1)用于第二人稱的疑問句, 表示請求（would更客氣、委婉）Will you tell her that Ill be back in twenty minutes? 請告訴她我二十分鐘后回來, 好嗎？Would you tell me how to get to the shopping center
32、? 您能告訴我怎么去購物中心嗎？2)表示愿望Go where you will. 去你想去的地方吧。He wouldnt let the doctor take his blood pressure.他不愿意讓大夫給他量血壓。3)表示習(xí)慣、傾向Sometimes the cat will lie there all afternoon.有時候, 那只貓總是整個下午都躺在那兒。He would sit there for hours, doing nothing at all.他總是在那兒一坐就是幾個小時, 什么都不干。4）表示決心We will never talk about that su
33、bject again.我們決不會再談?wù)撨@個話題了。He said he would make this computer work even if he had to stay up all night.他說他即使整晚不睡覺也一定要讓這臺計算機工作起來。Step 4 Grammar practice1. Turn to Page 5. Ask students to do Exercise 2 in Discovering useful structures. First let them discuss in pairs how each of these modal verbs is b
34、eing used in the situations. Then check the answers with the whole class. Give some explanations if necessary.2. Turn to Page 43. Ask students to do Exercise 1 and Exercise 2. Check the answers after most of them finish.Step 5 DialoguesShow the following on the screen.Working in pairs, complete the
35、dialogues using modal verbs and then be ready to present your dialogues to the class.1. A: _ you like to go to a special event with us on Sunday?B: Yes, I _.2. A: _ Xiao Feng find the origin of Easter from that book?B: No, he _.3. A: _ I go with my friends to the harvest festival?B: Yes, you _.4. A:
36、 If I want to be a doctor _ I study science?B: Yes, you .5. A: He is very handsome. _ he play the role of the prince?B: No, he _.6. A: The neighbors children are older this year. _ they stop playing tricks at Halloween?B: Perhaps, they _.The following procedures may be followed:1. Let students compl
37、ete the dialogues using modal verbs individually.2. Check the answers with the whole class.3. Ask students to practice their dialogues in pairs.4. Let some pairs perform their dialogues in the front.Suggested answers:1. A: WouldB: d like to go with you on Sunday2. A: CouldB: couldnt find it3. A: May
38、B: may go (with your friends)4. A: shouldB: should study science5. A: CanB: cant play the role of the prince6. A: Might/ShouldB: might/should stop playing tricks at HalloweenStep 6 Closing down by a quizShow the following exercises on the screen. Let students finish them within five minutes to see i
39、f they have mastered the use of modal verbs. Five minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.1. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. mustB. mayC. canD. will2. Michael _ be a policeman, for hes much too short.A. neednt B. cantC. shouldD. may3. Its nearly seven oclock.
40、 Jack _ be here at any moment.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can4. John, you _ play with the knife; you _ hurt yourself.A. wont; cantB. mustnt; mayC. shouldnt; mustD. cant; shouldnt5. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.They _ be ready by 12: 00.A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need6.
41、 Are you coming to Jeffs party?Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might7. I didnt see her in the meeting this morning. She _ have spoken at the meeting. A. mustntB. shouldntC. needntD. couldnt8. Susan _ written a report like this.A. can haveB. mustnt haveC. cant ha
42、veD. ought to not have9. Sorry, Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will10. Jenny _ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. would11. We _ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must hav
43、e studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study12. Will you stay for lunch?Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustntB. I cantC. I needntD. I wont13. Mary _ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.A. mustntB. shouldntC. cantD. may not14. A computer _ think for it
44、self; it must be told what to do.A. cantB. couldntC. may notD. might not15. Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes, of course, you _.A. mightB. willC. canD. shouldSuggested answers:15 BBCBB610 DDCAB1115 CBCACStep 7 Homework1. Finish off the workbook exercises.2. Preview the passage A SAD LOVE STORY on P
45、age 7, find the sentences in which modal verbs are used, and see if you can understand the situations.設(shè)計方案(二)Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Translate the following into English.1)紀(jì)念; 追念2)盛裝; 打扮3)搞惡作劇; 詐騙; 開玩笑4)期望; 期待; 盼望5)日夜; 晝夜; 整天6)人們喜歡聚在一起, 吃吃喝喝, 互相玩得開心。(have fun with)7)她的婚禮下周舉
46、行。(take place)8)她看上去好像生病了。(as though/as if)Step 2 Warming upTell students that modal verbs such as may, might, will, would, can, could, shall, should and must are used for many purposes. Ask them to read through the reading passage and find out at least ten sentences that contain modal verbs. Then l
47、et them explain the meaning and discuss in pairs how each of the modal verbs is being used in the situations.Step 3 Learning the use of modal verbs1. Ask students to turn to Page 89 and learn the grammar Modal Verbs by themselves.2. Encourage them to ask as many questions as possible. Give them expl
48、anations if necessary.3. Solve the problems students meet during their study.4. Sum up.Step 4 Practice1. Ask students to do Exercise 2 and Exercise 3 in Discovering useful structures on Page 5.2. Let students do the following additional exercise.Working in pairs, complete the dialogues using modal v
49、erbs and then be ready to present your dialogues to the class.1. A: _ you like to go to a special event with us on Sunday?B: Yes, I _.2. A: _ Xiao Feng find the origin of Easter from that book?B: No, he _.3. A: _ I go with my friends to the harvest festival?B: Yes, you _.4. A: If I want to be a doct
50、or _ I study science?B: Yes, you _.5. A: He is very handsome. _ he play the role of the prince?B: No, he _.6. A: The neighbors children are older this year. _ they stop playing tricks at Halloween?B: Perhaps, they _ .Step 5 ConsolidationAsk students to finish the following exercises within 8 minutes
51、. Then check the answers with the whole class.1. 單句改錯1)Mr. Smith looks pale. He can be ill.2)You must be joking. That mustnt be true.3)Come to take the photos tomorrow morning. It may be ready by then.4)The fire spread so fast that only one-third of the people could escape the fire.2. Exercise 1 and
52、 Exercise 2 in Using structures on Page 43.Step 6 Homework1. Finish off the Workbook exercises.2. Read through the part Modal Verbs on Pages 89-91 again and take notes in your exercise book.板書設(shè)計Unit 1Festivals around the worldModal verbsModal verbsExamplescan/couldCan/Could I borrow your dictionary?
53、Yes, you can.may/mightMay/Might I come in? Yes, please. /Sure. /Certainly.Please dont. /No, you mustnt.must/mustntMust we hand in our exercises today? Yes, you must.No, you neednt/dont have to.You mustnt talk to girls like that.must/cantYou must be tired after working so long.She cant be so stupid t
54、o do that.will/wouldWill/Would you tell me how to get to the shopping center?He will/would sit there for hours, doing nothing at all.shall/shouldYou shall come to my office immediately.We should read English aloud every morning.活動與探究Suppose Xiao Gang is absent today. Your teacher wants to know why h
55、e is absent, but no one knows the reason exactly. Make up a dialogue between the teacher, you and some of your classmates. Try to use as many modal verbs as possible. Be ready to present your dialogue to the class.This activity is designed not only to help students know how to use modal verbs they have learned but also to make for the development of students writing and speaking ability. The teacher should make proper remarks after each group present the dialogue.11
必修三Unit 1 Festivals around the world Period 3 Learning about language Grammar
