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1、專題十被動(dòng)語態(tài),,,,,2019 全新版,分析廣東近6年中考真題可知，被動(dòng)語態(tài)是必考點(diǎn)之一(共12.5分)，主要在單項(xiàng)填空中考查三種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(2015年)、一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(2018年，2017年，2016年，2013年)和一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(2014年)；在短文填空中考查盲填(2018年，2014年)。,考點(diǎn)精講,易錯(cuò)盤點(diǎn),解題技巧,試題精練,1. 概述 英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。一般說來，只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：,考點(diǎn)精講,考點(diǎn) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)【該部分內(nèi)容在中考題中雖然不
2、會(huì)直接考查，但也需要了解】,Tom broke the window. 湯姆打碎了窗戶。(主動(dòng)語態(tài)) The window was broken. 這扇窗戶被打碎了。(被動(dòng)語態(tài)) 2. 構(gòu)成 被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)變化只改變be的形式，過去分詞形式不變。疑問式和否定式的變化也是如此。,3. 用法 在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，主要用于以下幾種情況： (1)不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰。 如： The building was built ten years ago. 這座建筑物是十年前建造的。 (2)沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰。 如： These flo
3、wers are watered every day. 這些花每天都被澆水。 (3)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者不是人。 如： Many houses were washed away by the flood. 許多房屋被洪水沖走了。,(4)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，用“by動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者”。 如： Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越來越多的人在說漢語。 (5)做客觀說明時(shí)，常采用被動(dòng)語態(tài)句型：It is/was said/reportedthat...“據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道”。如： Its reported that about
4、 three hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 據(jù)報(bào)道，在這次地震中差不多有三百人遇難。,4. 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義： (1)系動(dòng)詞如 look, sound, smell, taste等用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。如： The fish tastes very good. 魚肉嘗起來很好吃。 (2)一些動(dòng)詞，如read, write, drive, sell, open, eat, drink等作不及物動(dòng)詞且常和一些修飾語連用，表示主語的某種屬性特征，這些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式。如： The computer sells well. 這種電腦賣得很
5、好。 The sweater washes easily. 這件毛衣很容易洗。,(3)在某些固定搭配中，現(xiàn)在分詞形式也可表被動(dòng)意義。 be worth doing中，doing表示被動(dòng)意義。如：The movie is worth watching. 這部電影值得一看。 need/require doingneed/require to be done, to be done 是不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。如： Your car needs washing.Your car needs to be washed. 你的汽車該洗了。,拓展在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中省略“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要加“to”。常見
6、的有感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, watch, feel, notice等，以及使役動(dòng)詞let, make, have。如：I heard the girl sing in the next room. (變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài))The girl was heard to sing in the next room.,構(gòu)成：主語am/is/aredone。如： My room is cleaned every day. 我的房間每天都被打掃。(肯定句) My room isnt cleaned every day. (否定句，在am/is/are后加not) Is your room cleaned e
7、very day? (一般疑問句，把a(bǔ)m/is/are提到句首),考點(diǎn) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(6年1考),()1. (2015廣東)Have you heard of the song Little Apple? Yes. It ______ every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs. Ais playedBplays Cwas playedDplayed,A,()2. (2018東莞市六校聯(lián)考二模)Excuse me, sir. Smoking ______ in the gas station. Oh, Im t
8、erribly sorry. Adoesnt allowBis allowed Carent allowedDisnt allowed ()3. In our daily life, WiFi______ everywhere and it is very convenient for us to surf on the Internet. Aused Buses Cwill be used Dis used,D D,構(gòu)成：主語was/were done。如： John was punished by his parents yesterday. 約翰昨天被他的父母懲罰了。(肯定句) Joh
9、n wasnt punished by his parents yesterday. (否定句，在was/were后加not) Was John punished by his parents yesterday? (一般疑問句，把was/were提到句首),考點(diǎn) 一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(6年6考),()4. (2018廣東)Many shops in China ______ to shut down as a new law against ivory (象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018. Aordered Bdidnt orde
10、r Cwere ordered Dwerent ordered ()5. (2017廣東)The waiter told me that free parking ______ for the hotel guests. Aprovides Bprovided Cwill be providedDwas provided,C D,()6. (2016廣東)He Jiang ______ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. AinvitesBinvited Cis invit
11、ed Dwas invited ()7. (2013廣東)It ______ last week that the haze (霧霾) in Beijing caused many problems. AreportsBreported Cis reportedDwas reported,D D,()8. (2018惠州市惠城區(qū)一模)The cinema ______ a few years ago. But now few people go to watch movies there. AbuildsBis built Cwas builtDbuilt ()9. (2018中山市卓雅外國語
12、學(xué)校二模)A concert ______ to raise money for the disabled last month. Ais held Bwas held Cwill hold Dmay hold,C B,構(gòu)成：主語will be done; 主語 am/is/are going to be done。如： (1)These trees will be planted tomorrow. 這些樹明天將被種植。 These trees wont be planted tomorrow. (否定句，在will后加not) Will these trees be planted to
13、morrow? (一般疑問句，把will提到句首),考點(diǎn) 一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(6年1考),(2)The meeting is going to be held next week. 會(huì)議將于下周召開。 The meeting isnt going to be held next week. (否定句，在am/is/are后加not) Is the meeting going to be held next week? (一般疑問句，把a(bǔ)m/is/are提到句首),()10. (2014廣東)Although Flight MH370 has been missing for months,
14、I do believe it______ some day in the future. Awill findBwont find Cwill be found Dwont be found ()11. The international meeting ______ in Hainan in a few weeks time. AholdBis held Cwill holdDwill be held,C D,()12. All food ______ to students for free in our dining hall on the School Celebration Da
15、y. Great! I cant wait. AofferBwill offer Care offered Dwill be offered,D,注意該結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于want/need/requireto be done。 ()13. The floor is dirty. It needs ______. AwashingBwashed Cbe washedDbeing washed,易錯(cuò)盤點(diǎn),易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) want/need/requiredoing,A,注意make, see, watch, hear, feel等使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞。 ()14. If you see the comedy
16、, you will ______ laugh. Abe made Bbe made to Cmake to Dmake,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加to,B,做關(guān)于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的相關(guān)題時(shí)，首先要確定主語是謂語動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者還是承受者，這樣才能判斷出句子的語態(tài)。 例 (2018天津)Dr Bethune ______ still ______ in both China and Canada today. Ais; remembered Bis; remembering Cwill; remember Dhas; remembered,解題技巧,技巧 判斷動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或承受者,A
17、,方法點(diǎn)撥第步：先分析句意“如今在中國和加拿大，白求恩醫(yī)生仍然”。第步：根據(jù)句意和選項(xiàng)可知主語Dr Bethune和謂語動(dòng)詞remember之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故答案為A。,被動(dòng)語態(tài)的使用離不開時(shí)態(tài)，做題時(shí)要根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語或語境來分析使用哪種時(shí)態(tài)。 例(2018鹽城)A lot of new roads ______ in order to develop the villages in the next five years. Abuilt Bwere built Cwill build Dwill be built,技巧 時(shí)態(tài)判斷法,D,方法點(diǎn)撥第步：先分析句意“為了村莊的發(fā)展，五年后很多新的道路”。第步：根據(jù)句意和選項(xiàng)可知主語new roads和謂語動(dòng)詞build之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又由in the next five years可知用一般將來時(shí)，故答案為D。,,,謝謝觀看,,,Exit,,
（廣東專用）2019年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第2部分 語法專題復(fù)習(xí) 專題十 被動(dòng)語態(tài)課件 人教新目標(biāo)版.ppt
