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1、江蘇省句容市后白中學中考英語語法復習 動詞的語態(tài) 牛津版【要點提示】概念：語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，用以表示主語和謂語之間的關系。種類：英語動詞的語態(tài)有主動和被動兩種：主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者?？疾闊狳c：中考對被動語態(tài)的考查主要集中在被動語態(tài)的構成及用法上。其構成為“助動詞be + 及物動詞的過去分詞”，通過變化助動詞be體現(xiàn)時態(tài)。初中階段需要掌握的被動語態(tài)如下：一般現(xiàn)在時am / is / are + 過去分詞一般過去時was / were + 過去分詞一般將來時will / shall be + 過去分詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be + 過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時h
2、ave / has been + 過去分詞【拓展】1 雙賓語的被動語態(tài)。含雙賓語的句子由主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)時，可把指人的間接賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語，也可把指物的直接賓語用作主語，但此時須在間接賓語前加上介詞to或for。常用to的動詞有give, tell, lend, send, show, pass, hand等；常用for的動詞有borrow, make, buy等。2 復合賓語的被動語態(tài)。若主動語態(tài)句子為“主語 謂語 賓語 賓補”這種含復合賓語的結構，變被動語態(tài)時只能“賓作主”，而賓補不變。其中，make / hear (watch, see .) sb. do sth. 結構變?yōu)楸粍?/p>
3、語態(tài)時為“sb. + be的適當形式 + made / heard (watched, seen .) to do sth.”。3 短語動詞的被動語態(tài)。有些短語動詞相當于及物動詞，其后可接賓語，因此它們也有被動語態(tài)。但短語動詞是個不可分割的整體，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時不可丟掉其后的介詞或副詞。 根據(jù)近幾年對語態(tài)考查的分析，編了這樣幾句口訣：時態(tài)一，語態(tài)二，賓變主，主變賓，by短語，后面跟。謂語動詞變被動，be后添“過分”?！緦ｍ椌毩暋? 請從各題后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。( )1. Did you go to Sams weekend party?No, I _.A. am not
4、 invitedB. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite( )2. The letter _in Japanese. I cant read it.A. is writing B. is writtenC. wroteD. writes( )3. Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.Im sorry, but I _when to meet.A. am not toldB. didnt tellC. havent toldD. wasnt told( )4.
5、 Today computers _in both cities and towns.A. were usingB. are usedC. were used D. are using( )5. A new supermarket _in my home town next month.A. will built B. will be builtC. is built D. builds( )6. Alice, you _on the phone.Im coming. Thanks.A. want B. are wantedC. were wanted D. have wanted( )7.
6、Personal computers _ in 1976. They have changed the whole world.A. have been invented B. are inventedC. were inventedD. will be invented( )8. Your skirt is nice and looks different from other girls.Thanks. My mother _ it last month. A. was made B. has madeC. has been made D. made( )9. I know she won
7、t come to join us unless she _ to.A. tells B. will be toldC. is told D. was told( )10. James is my friend. He _ Jim for short.A. calls B. is calledC. calledD. is calling( )11. English _ in Canada, Australia and New Zealand as well as America and Britain.A. speaks B. is speakingC. is spokenD. spoke(
8、)12. The window _ten minutes ago, and the room is bright now. A. cleaned B. is cleanedC. was cleanedD. will clean( )13. Today I cant go to work. My sick mother should _. A. be taken good careB. be taken good care ofC. take good careD. take good care of( )14. I _ your recorder. It works now.Thank you
9、 very much. A. have been repairedB. will repairC. have repairedD. was repaired( )15. Well have three days off if the work _ today. A. finishes B. can finishC. was finished D. can be finished( )16. How often_ your school sports meeting _?Once a year.A. were, held B. are, heldC. was, held D. is, held(
10、 )17. The watch I lost yesterday_ in my drawer.A. has found B. foundC. has been found D. had been found( )18. More trees must_ in North China every year to stop the wind.A. be planted B. plantC. planted D. are planted( )19. Traditional Beijing opera_ to the music courses in middle school in the futu
11、re.A. will add B. will be addedC. adds D. was added( )20. In our school, the books from the library within two weeks.A. return B. must returnC. will return D. must be returned( )21. This picture_ to a museum in New York in 2008. Yes, it cost a lot.A. has been sold B. will be soldC. is sold D. was so
12、ld( )22. The children _not to smoke.A. are told B. toldC. tell D. are telling( )23. A lot of tall buildings _ near our house so far.A. have been built B. are built C. have built D. were built( )24. Jim doesnt have to be made_. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learned D. learning( )25. What
13、 was the result of the football match?Bad luck. Our team_.A. beat B. wonC. was beaten D. has won. 請將主動語與被動語態(tài)互換，每空一詞。1. Chinese is spoken by more and more foreigners now._ _ _ _ _ _now.2. The twins ate up all the bananas on the plate.All the bananas on the plate_ _ up by the twins.3. We must finish t
14、he work in two hours. The work _ _ _ in two hours. 4. Thousands of houses in that area were destroyedby the earthquake._ _ _ _ _ _in that area.5. Beijing has hosted the 29th Olympic Gamessuccessfully.The 29th Olympic Games _ _ _ successfully by Beijing.6. The girl copies a poem every week. A poem _
15、_ by the girl every week.7. The classroom should be cleaned by the studentsevery day.The students _ _ _ _ every day.8. My father gave my cousin a nice gift on herbirthday.A nice gift _ _ _my cousin by my father on her birthday.9. All the people in the room laughed at him because of his new hairstyle
16、. He _ _ _ _ all the people in the room because of his new hairstyle. 10. I heard a boy cry in the next room just now.A boy _ _ _ _ in the next room just now. 請根據(jù)句意及所給詞，用其正確語態(tài)填空。1. The kitchen _ (clean) every day by my mother.2. Lilys sister _ (make) breakfast for herself every morning.3. Many songs
17、 _ (sound) very beautiful.4. Sometimes the best and most beautiful things in the world can not _(see), but can_ (feel).5. Things should_ (keep) here before you enter the Water Cube.6. Those students _ (ask) to speak at the meeting tomorrow.7. The window of the classroom _ (break) by Mike yesterday.8
18、. How do you make your room_ (look) nice?9. A book must_(read) more than once if you want to understand it better.10. Where to build the new hospital _ (not decide) yet.參考答案動詞的語態(tài)專項練習. 1-5 BBDBB 6-10 BCDCB 11-15 CCBCD 16-20 DCABD 21-25 DAABC. 1. More and more foreigners speak Chinese 2. were eaten 3.
19、 must be finished 4. The earthquake destroyed thousands of houses 5. has / have been hosted 6. is copied 7. should clean the classroom 8. was given to 9. was laughed at by 10. was heard to cry. 1. is cleaned 2. makes 3. sound 4. be seen, be felt 5. be kept 6. will be asked 7. was broken 8. look 9. be read 10. hasnt been decided
江蘇省句容市后白中學中考英語語法復習 動詞的語態(tài) 牛津版
