譯林牛津高一英語模塊二unitreadingLanguage points

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1、第1頁/共89頁第2頁/共89頁1.Boy missing,police puzzled.=A boy went missing,and the police were puzzled.missing和和puzzled分別為現(xiàn)在分詞和過分別為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作去分詞作表語表語?，F(xiàn)在分詞作表語和主。現(xiàn)在分詞作表語和主語之間往往是語之間往往是主動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系，表示主語的表示主語的性質(zhì)性質(zhì)；過去分詞作表語和主語之間往；過去分詞作表語和主語之間往往是往是被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系，表主語所處的狀態(tài)表主語所處的狀態(tài)。第3頁/共89頁puzzled1.puzzle vt.使迷惑,使為難 n.迷惑,困惑,難題,令人

2、不解的事puzzlement n.迷惑2.puzzling adj.(物)令人困惑不解的3.puzzled adj.(人)困惑的;可做定 語 修 飾 人 的 v o i c e,e x p r e s s i o n,l o o k 等(=confused)第4頁/共89頁 John seemed puzzled about what the question meant.Jack was puzzled that Nicholas didnt seem to recognize him.第5頁/共89頁1.be/seem puzzled about對感到困惑/無法理解2.be puzzled

3、 that對感到不解第6頁/共89頁常作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞有：常作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞有：interesting,exciting,surprising,shocking,astonishing,puzzling,worrying,frighteninginterested,excited,surprised,shocked,astonished,puzzled,worried,frightened第7頁/共89頁2.Police in have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old boy who went missing e

4、.g.He has to step up his training to prepare for the race.step up 第8頁/共89頁The health department is s te p p i n g u p e f f o r t s to reduce teenager smoking.John didnt step up to his mother until the teacher had finished speaking to her.走上前去走上前去第9頁/共89頁1.step up sth加緊,加強2.step up to sb.走向某人第10頁/共8

5、9頁詞語拓展：詞語拓展：step forward 走上前來，跨前一步走上前來，跨前一步step back （由于吃驚）后退一步（由于吃驚）后退一步step inside(in)進屋里來進屋里來step into 進入里面進入里面step by step 一步步地一步步地out of step 合不上步子合不上步子take step(a step)采取措施，走（一步）采取措施，走（一步）第11頁/共89頁go missing 失蹤 此處go為系動詞,后接形容詞做表語,“變得，變成”go+adj.(become+adj.)如：He went/became crazy when he found o

6、ut that he had failed the exam.The heat has caused the milk to go sour.第12頁/共89頁incident1.A strange incident happened in the city the other day.A UFO made a visit.C 發(fā)生的事情發(fā)生的事情(不同不同尋常的尋常的,討厭的討厭的)第13頁/共89頁2.There was a shooting incident near here last night.3.Border incidents often happen between the

7、2 countries.C,U嚴(yán)重事嚴(yán)重事件件,暴力事件暴力事件C(國家間的國家間的)摩擦摩擦,沖突沖突第14頁/共89頁3.This incident has received great interest due to reports of due to(because of,caused by)由于，因而造成 如：His disappearance was due to the storm.第15頁/共89頁The teams success was largely due to her efforts.be due to sb.歸功于Our book is not due to be

8、published until December.be due to do sth.預(yù)期，預(yù)計第16頁/共89頁due 還有其他含義：1)到期（應(yīng)償付，付給）e.g.The electricity bill is due tomorrow.2)定于（某時）到達e.g.Our train is due in Paris at 2 p.m.第17頁/共89頁(1)due to+n.(pron.)在句中作狀語，不在句中作狀語，不可置于句首，如要放在句首用可置于句首，如要放在句首用owing to或或because of,thanks to(因為因為,由于由于)e.g.Owing to busy wo

9、rk,I dont have time to go to the club.(2)due to 在句中還可作表語或定語。在句中還可作表語或定語。e.g.The wage due to him will be paid tomorrow.第18頁/共89頁see/hearI saw the spaceship fly into space.Before the UFO disappeared,Kelly heard her brother shout.1.see/hear sb/sth do sth.聽見(看見)某人某物做了某事(描述全過程)第19頁/共89頁The witness said h

10、e saw a little boy crossing the road alone at 8:00 pm.I heard her singing an English song.2.see/hear sb doing sth.聽見/看見某人正在做某事第20頁/共89頁When he came back,he saw the broken door repaired.3.see/hear sth done 聽見/看見某物被做第21頁/共89頁witnessPolice are looking for witnesses to the accident.1.n.目擊者，見證人Many villa

11、gers witnessed the strange creature in the forest.2.vt.目擊,當(dāng)場看到,親眼看到第22頁/共89頁Recent years have witnessed a growing price of daily goods.3.vt.是發(fā)生的時間/地點等，見證He witnessed to seeing the girl robbed.4.vi.witness to doing 作證,證明屬實第23頁/共89頁Put onWould you mind if I put some music on?1.播放(激光唱片,磁帶)Its very cold

12、 today;youd better put on a coat.2.穿上,戴上第24頁/共89頁She put on the brakes suddenly.3.打開開關(guān)How many pounds did you put on over Christmas?4.長胖,增加體重第25頁/共89頁倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu):表語(表示地點的介詞短語)+be+主語Present at the meeting were the policemen who wanted to step up their search for the missing boy.第26頁/共89頁1.“Happy birthday”w

13、as written on the card.On the card was written“Happy birthday”.2.A river is at the foot of the mountain.At the foot of the mountain is a river.第27頁/共89頁3.A g a r d e n i s i n f r o n t o f t h e classroom.In front of the classroom is a garden.第28頁/共89頁flashA flash of lightning was followed by thund

14、er.1.n.閃光，閃耀Hearing what he said,a flash of anger came to her mind.2.(情感的)突發(fā)第29頁/共89頁Her eyes flashed with excitement.3.vi.閃光,閃耀An idea flashed into her mindwhy not help the puzzled boy work out the puzzling problem?4.vi.(想法的)突現(xiàn)第30頁/共89頁In a flash he realized he was completely wrong.1.in/like a flas

15、h很快,轉(zhuǎn)眼間,一瞬間Her thoughts flashed back t o t h e d a y w h e n s h e witnessed the incident.2.flash back(to sth.)回憶,回想,回顧第31頁/共89頁assume We cant assume anything in this case.1.assume+n.假定Lets assume the aliens to be short.2.Assume+賓語(+to be)+adj.假定/以為是 第32頁/共89頁Many people assume that the evidence is

16、weak.3.assume that從句Assuming that the proposal is accepted,when are we going to get the money?4.assuming that假定在句子中做獨立成分第33頁/共89頁You will assume your new duties tomorrow.2.vt.擔(dān)任,承擔(dān)承擔(dān)責(zé)任assume responsibility第34頁/共89頁Her countenance assumed a smile.The motion of matter always assumes certain forms.3.呈現(xiàn)

17、,具有,采取,表現(xiàn)第35頁/共89頁1.n.assumption假定,設(shè)想,承擔(dān),擔(dān)任Make an assumption做出假定On the assumption that假定His air of assumption made him disliked.自負,傲慢 第36頁/共89頁類似結(jié)構(gòu)Supposing/assuming/providing(that)假如,如果Considering(that)考慮到Judging from根據(jù)判斷Given考慮到,在有的情況下第37頁/共89頁Supposing he is absent,what shall we do?Considering t

18、hat you are no longer involved with this man,your response is a little extreme.Judging from his behavior,he is a nobleman.G i v e n t h a t y o u d o n t disturb others,you may come to sit in our class.第38頁/共89頁5.Mr.Foster was working that night on his road construction job,and was not home when the

19、se events occurred.construction n.e.g.The building is a peculiarly shaped construction.n.建筑物建筑物第39頁/共89頁 The building is under construction.2.建造,建設(shè),施工 This sentence does not bear such a construction.3.解釋,意義 The construction of the sentence is wrong.4.結(jié)構(gòu),造句;作圖,構(gòu)造 under construction在建設(shè)中 1.建造,建設(shè),施工第40頁

20、/共89頁constructHe eventually constructed a business empire.vt.建設(shè)，建造,The story is skillfully constructed.構(gòu)建，構(gòu)思 第41頁/共89頁Construct a square on the paper.作(幾何圖形)The building is under construction.The building is being constructed.第42頁/共89頁occur I hope this wont occur again.vi.發(fā)生發(fā)生 Such a case does occur

21、 in real life.vi.存在存在,出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)A good idea occurred to him.1.occur to sb(主意或想法突然主意或想法突然)浮現(xiàn)在腦浮現(xiàn)在腦海中海中,想起想起,想到想到(常與常與to連用連用,it做形式主語做形式主語)第43頁/共89頁It occurred to me that I had left the construction model at home.我沒想到你會拒絕。It didnt occur to me that you would object.It occurs to sb that某人想到 第44頁/共89頁辨析occur/ha

22、ppenA strange thing happened.I happened to be at the station when he arrived.happen to do sth.碰巧,恰巧第45頁/共89頁1.occur具體事情的發(fā)生,常與介詞to搭配2.happen”偶然,碰巧”發(fā)生第46頁/共89頁 show upe.g.He promised to come on Tuesday but he never showed up.出現(xiàn)，露面 第47頁/共89頁 1.You showed him up by calling him his nick name in front of

23、his girlfriend.(make sb.embarrassed)使難堪第48頁/共89頁2.The sunlight showed up the marks on the glass.(make sth.become visible)使明顯,使顯現(xiàn),使顯示出來第49頁/共89頁show的相關(guān)詞組1)炫耀，夸耀；賣弄2)顯示；渲染（某物的優(yōu)點）show off 帶某人參觀show sb around第50頁/共89頁so that從句 They stepped up the construction of the new building so that they could compl

24、ete it ahead of time.so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,”為了”,從句謂語中通常含有can,could等情態(tài)動詞第51頁/共89頁They stepped up the construction of the new building,so that they completed it ahead of time.so that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,前面常有逗號與主句隔開。第52頁/共89頁researchHe is busy with research work.1.研究，調(diào)查，探索My researches were directed towards finding a cu

25、re for headaches.2.研究工作，學(xué)術(shù)研究，創(chuàng)造性工作第53頁/共89頁He has been researched i n t o/o n t h e e f f e c t s o f radioactivity.研究第54頁/共89頁search I searched everywhere but I couldnt find your book.1.vt.搜尋,尋找Ive searched my conscience and I still think I did the right thing.2.vt.探尋，調(diào)查第55頁/共89頁The boy spent a lot

26、 of time searching for the information about UFOs on the Internet.2.vi.search for搜尋,尋找第56頁/共89頁The company has spent millions in the search for oil.1.n.search for 探尋,搜尋,調(diào)查Scientists are in search of the cure for the disease.2.in search of 尋找第57頁/共89頁8.When asked about the possibility that has taken

27、charge of possibility n.可能性e.g.There is a strong possibility that they will win the next election.Theres possibility that有可能 第58頁/共89頁2.possibility of doing sth.做某事的可能性可能的可能It is possible/probable/likely that有可能的Sb./sth.be likely to do sth.某人有可能做某事第59頁/共89頁e.g.The department was badly organized unti

28、l she took charge of it.The policeman said he would take charge of the gun.take charge of 控制，掌管，擔(dān)負責(zé)任控制，掌管，擔(dān)負責(zé)任 第60頁/共89頁In charge of負責(zé),掌管In the charge of sb.由某人負責(zé)In ones charge由某人負責(zé)Free of charge免費第61頁/共89頁casePolice worked on the case for a year,b u t d i d n t f i n d o u t w h o t h e murderer wa

29、s.CN.案子第62頁/共89頁It occurred to me that my case was different.CN.情況If that is the case,then I have nothing to say.CN.事實第63頁/共89頁The doctor invited some experts to discuss his case.CN.病情第64頁/共89頁當(dāng) 先 行 詞 為 c a s e(情況),s i t u a t i o n(形勢),p o s i t i o n(位 置,職位),c o n d i t i o n(情 形,條件),point(境地),sta

30、ge(境地,階段),且在從句中充當(dāng)狀語,常用where/in which來引導(dǎo)定語從句。I can think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English words a n d e x p r e s s i o n s b u t couldnt write a good essay.第65頁/共89頁9.Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.e.g.Tom makes up stories to amuse his little brother.make u

31、p 編造 第66頁/共89頁make up 還有其他含義：e.g.I feel I have been mean to you,and I want to make it up to you.1)彌補，補償e.g.The toy cost a dollar and Ted only had fifty cents,so his dad made up the difference.2)湊足第67頁/共89頁e.g.She doesnt go to work without making up.3)化妝e.g.Girls make up 45%of the student population

32、in our school.4)組成第68頁/共89頁evidenceYou must give enough evidence to prove him innocent.UN,CN.根據(jù),證據(jù),證明第69頁/共89頁The witness refused to give evidence in the beginning.UN.法庭上的證據(jù),物證第70頁/共89頁10.So,while we have not dismissed the idea,we are looking into other possibilities as well.e.g.Their evidence was d

33、ismissed as completely useless.vt.不予考慮不予考慮,認為認為 第71頁/共89頁The officer was dismissed from his service.2.vt.解雇，撤職，開除The teacher dismissed his students before the bell rang.3.vt.解散,使退去第72頁/共89頁難句解析難句解析1.Justin Forster,a high school student,went missing last Friday night.【分析講解分析講解】同位語：一個名詞（或其他形式）對另同位語：一個

34、名詞（或其他形式）對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾、限定或說一個名詞或代詞進行修飾、限定或說明，這個名詞（或其他形式）就是同明，這個名詞（或其他形式）就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常緊挨在一起。一致，并常緊挨在一起。第73頁/共89頁 考例考例1 To save class time,our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.A.us B.we C.our D.ours第74頁/共89

35、頁考例2There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.that B.whichC.until D.if第75頁/共89頁2.Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white-skinned,and large black eyes.飛船里面站著許多白皮膚、眼睛又大飛船里面站著許多白皮膚、眼睛又大又黑的奇怪生物。又黑的奇怪生物。第76頁/共89頁【分析講解】這是一個倒裝句，主語是lots of strange crea

36、tures with white skin and large black eyes。當(dāng)方位副詞或表示方位的介詞短語提前時，整個句子全部倒裝。如：By Mr.Greens side sat his faithful dog.格林先生的旁邊蹲著他的忠實的狗。第77頁/共89頁Exercises1.Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10.45 p.m.考點考點 see，hear，watch，observe，notice，feel，look at，listen to等感官等感官動詞（詞組）動詞（詞組）第78

37、頁/共89頁see，hear，watch，observe，notice，feel，look at，listen to等感官動詞（詞組）后面的賓語補足語有三種形式：動詞原形（不帶to的不定式）、V-ing形式和V-ed形式。動詞原形表示動作的主動和完成；V-ing形式表示動作的主動或正在進行；V-ed形式表示動作的被動或完成。第79頁/共89頁1 After a knock at the door,the child heard his mothers voice _ him.A.calling B.called C.being called D.to call點撥點撥 V-ing短語短語cal

38、ling him作賓語補足作賓語補足 語，表示動作的主動和正在進行。語，表示動作的主動和正在進行。第80頁/共89頁2 In the dream Peter saw himself _ by a fierce wolf,and he woke suddenly with a start.A.chased B.to be chased C.be chased D.having been chased點撥點撥 V-ed形式形式chased作賓語補足語，作賓語補足語，表示被動。表示被動。第81頁/共89頁3.Luckily,they returned me home without any inju

39、ries.考點考點 有些副詞或副詞短語置于句有些副詞或副詞短語置于句 首，可修飾全句，作狀語。首，可修飾全句，作狀語。第82頁/共89頁1 _,some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.A.Strangely enough B.Enough strangely C.Strange enough D.Enough strange點撥點撥 enough修飾形容詞或副詞時要后修飾形容詞或副詞時要后置，而表示感情或態(tài)度的副詞可以修飾置，而表示感情或態(tài)度的副詞可以修飾整個句子，故選整個句子，故

40、選A。第83頁/共89頁2 Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._,neither of them could swim.A.In fact B.Luckily C.Unfortunately D.Naturally點撥點撥 句意：兩位中年乘客掉進海里。句意：兩位中年乘客掉進海里。不幸的是，他倆都不會游泳。根據(jù)句意不幸的是，他倆都不會游泳。根據(jù)句意可以確定選可以確定選C。第84頁/共89頁4.Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.考點考點 make up有有“編造，補上，組成，編造，補上

41、，組成，和解和解”等意思。等意思。例如：例如：Boys make up 52%of the students.男生占學(xué)生人數(shù)的男生占學(xué)生人數(shù)的52。第85頁/共89頁Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?我今天下午早點走，明天補上這段時我今天下午早點走，明天補上這段時間，可以嗎？間，可以嗎？Why dont you shake hands and make up?你們干嘛不握手言和呢？你們干嘛不握手言和呢？第86頁/共89頁Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes.A.turning up B.putting upC.making up D.showing up第87頁/共89頁點撥 句意：村里人都喜歡杰克，因為他擅長講笑話、編笑話。此題考查的是短語動詞辨析。turn up開大音量，出現(xiàn);put up舉起，掛起；show up出現(xiàn)，露面。第88頁/共89頁感謝您的觀看！第89頁/共89頁