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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),#,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e,#,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e,#,能量平衡與健康體重,能量平衡與健康體重,第1頁(yè),能量平衡與健康體重,第2頁(yè),第一節(jié) 能量平衡,體內(nèi)能量收支平衡,食物能量供大于求時(shí):多出脂肪進(jìn)入身體脂肪組織中脂肪細(xì)胞貯存起來(lái)。,攝入能量不足時(shí):消耗這些脂
2、肪。,貯存能量改變,=,能量攝入,-,能量輸出,能量平衡與健康體重,第3頁(yè),能量平衡與健康體重,第4頁(yè),5,在脂肪細(xì)胞內(nèi)部,脂肪以滴狀儲(chǔ)存。這些滴狀物可急劇增大,此時(shí)細(xì)胞膜也會(huì)跟著膨脹變大。,男性脂肪主要集中在腹部,女性脂肪主要集中在臀部。,思索:,為何不以糖原形式儲(chǔ)存能量?,能量平衡與健康體重,第5頁(yè),能量攝入,從食物和飲料中攝入能量是“能量攝入”唯一起源。,能量輸出,能量消耗組成:,基礎(chǔ)代謝,60%65%,人體各種活動(dòng),25%35%,食物代謝反應(yīng),5%10%,能量平衡與健康體重,第6頁(yè),原因,對(duì)BMR影響,年紀(jì),年輕人比中年人高;中年人比老年人高,身高,個(gè)高人表面積大,BMR高,生長(zhǎng),兒童
3、,孕婦,BMR,高,機(jī)體組成,非脂肪組織多,,BMR,高,發(fā)燒,發(fā)燒使BMR增高,應(yīng)激反應(yīng),應(yīng)激反應(yīng)使,BMR,增高,環(huán)境溫度,太高或太低都會(huì)使,BMR,增高,禁食,饑餓,降低,BMR,營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良,BMR,降低,甲狀腺素,甲狀腺素是BMR關(guān)鍵調(diào)控因子,甲狀腺素越多,BMR越高。,影響,BMR,原因,能量平衡與健康體重,第7頁(yè),第二節(jié) 體脂太多或太少帶來(lái)問(wèn)題,體重過(guò)輕危險(xiǎn)是什么?,肥胖帶來(lái)不便,周?chē)苑逝?中心性肥胖(軀干性肥胖),整體性肥胖,能量平衡與健康體重,第8頁(yè),評(píng)定身體發(fā)胖情況,各年紀(jì)段成人參考體重,能量平衡與健康體重,第9頁(yè),評(píng)定身體發(fā)胖情況,BMI,值及患病危險(xiǎn),測(cè)量腰圍,用不可拉伸
4、尺子測(cè)量肚臍部位腰圍。,男子健康范圍小于,102cm,;,女性則小于,88cm,。,能量平衡與健康體重,第10頁(yè),第三節(jié) 肥胖現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況,“Were raising our children the way we raise calves for veal-keep them in boxes,feed them too much,and allow them no exercise.”,Rich Killingsworth,Center for Disease Control and Prevention,能量平衡與健康體重,第11頁(yè),肥胖增加,能量平衡與健康體重,第12頁(yè),能量平衡與健康體重
5、,第13頁(yè),BAGEL,20 Years Ago,Today,140 calories,3-inch diameter,How many calories,are in this bagel?,能量平衡與健康體重,第14頁(yè),140 calories,3-inch diameter,Calorie Difference:210 calories,350 calories,6-inch diameter,BAGEL,20 Years Ago,Today,能量平衡與健康體重,第15頁(yè),How long will you have to rake leaves in order to burn the
6、 extra 210 calories?*,*Based on 130-pound person,Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing Act,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第16頁(yè),If yourake the leaves for,50 minutes,you will burn the extra,210 calories,.*,*Based on 130-pound person,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第17頁(yè),CHEESEBURGER,20 Yea
7、rs Ago,Today,333 calories,How many calories are in todays cheeseburger?,能量平衡與健康體重,第18頁(yè),Calorie Difference:257 calories,590 calories,CHEESEBURGER,20 Years Ago,Today,333 calories,能量平衡與健康體重,第19頁(yè),Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing Act,Calories In=Calories Out,How long will you have to lift weig
8、hts in order to burn the extra 257 calories?*,*Based on 130-pound person,能量平衡與健康體重,第20頁(yè),If you lift weights for,1 hour and 30 minutes,you will burn approximately,257 calories,.*,*Based on 130-pound person,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第21頁(yè),SPAGHETTI AND MEATBALLS,20 Years Ago,Today,500 calories
9、,1 cup spaghetti with sauce and 3 small meatballs,How many calories do you think are in todays portion of spaghetti and meatballs?,能量平衡與健康體重,第22頁(yè),Calorie Difference:525 calories,1,025 calories,2 cups of pasta with sauce and 3 large meatballs,20 Years Ago,Today,500 calories,1 cup spaghetti with sauce
10、 and 3 small meatballs,SPAGHETTI AND MEATBALLS,能量平衡與健康體重,第23頁(yè),How long will you have to houseclean in order to burn the extra 525 calories?*,*Based on 130-pound person,Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing Act,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第24頁(yè),*Based on 130-pound person,If you houseclean
11、 for,2 hours and 35 minutes,you will burn approximately,525 calories,.*,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第25頁(yè),FRENCH FRIES,20 Years Ago,Today,210 Calories,2.4 ounces,How many calories are in,todays portion of fries?,能量平衡與健康體重,第26頁(yè),610 Calories,6.9 ounces,Calorie Difference:400 Calories,FRENCH FRIE
12、S,20 Years Ago,Today,210 Calories,2.4 ounces,能量平衡與健康體重,第27頁(yè),How long will you have to walk leisurely in order to burn those extra 400 calories?*,*Based on 160-pound person,Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing Act,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第28頁(yè),*Based on 160-pound person,If you walk l
13、eisurely for,1 hour and 10 minutes,you will burn approximately,400 calories,.*,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第29頁(yè),85 Calories,6.5 ounces,How many calories are in todays portion?,SODA,20 Years Ago,Today,能量平衡與健康體重,第30頁(yè),Calorie Difference:165 Calories,250 Calories,20 ounces,85 Calories,6.5 ounces,
14、SODA,20 Years Ago,Today,能量平衡與健康體重,第31頁(yè),How long will you have to work in the garden to burn those extra calories?*,*Based on 160-pound person,Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing Act,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第32頁(yè),If you work in the garden for 35 minutes,you will burn approximately 1
15、65 calories.*,*Based on 160-pound person,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第33頁(yè),320 calories,How many calories are in todays turkey sandwich?,TURKEY SANDWICH,20 Years Ago,Today,能量平衡與健康體重,第34頁(yè),Calorie Difference:500 calories,820 calories,320 calories,TURKEY SANDWICH,20 Years Ago,Today,能量平衡與健康體重,第35頁(yè)
16、,How long will you have to ride a bike in order to burn those extra calories?*,*Based on 160-pound person,Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing Act,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第36頁(yè),*Based on 160-pound person,If you ride a bike for,1 hour and 25 minutes,you will burn approximately,500 calories,.*,Calories In=Calories Out,能量平衡與健康體重,第37頁(yè),第四節(jié) 發(fā)胖之謎,為何要吃那么多東西?,“進(jìn)行信號(hào)”,饑餓與食欲,“停頓信號(hào)”,飽足感遇飽腹感,能量平衡與健康體重,第38頁(yè),級(jí)聯(lián)調(diào)控:饑餓、食欲、飽足感、飽腹感,能量平衡與健康體重,第39頁(yè),各種食物飽滿(mǎn)感值,能量平衡與健康體重,第40頁(yè),遺傳與肥胖,瘦身素,能量平衡與健康體重,第41頁(yè),遺傳與肥