M 7 Unit 4 知識要點

Unit 4　Public transport　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1．beyond prep.超出；在……之外歸納拓展Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.(2009寧夏海南，34)每個人聽說了她的感人故事后都感動得說不出話來活學(xué)活用(1)The car was ________________ and ran into a tree.汽車失去了控制，撞到了一棵樹上2)Her beauty is ________________.她美得無法形容3)I’m sorry I didn’t phone you，but I’ve been very busy ________ the past couple of weeks.(2011山東，30)A．beyond B．with C．a(chǎn)mong D．over2．dozen n．一打，十二個；十幾個，十來個；許多，好多歸納拓展與具體的數(shù)字或a，many，several等詞連用時，結(jié)構(gòu)為num.(a，many，several)＋dozen＋(復(fù)數(shù)) n．；num.＋dozen＋of＋these/those/the/one’s＋(復(fù)數(shù))n.。

dozens of表示不限定量，不與具體的數(shù)字連用in dozens一打打地by the dozen按打計算活學(xué)活用(1)There are now more than __________ resorts.目前有十幾家度假村2)I want ______________ these eggs.我要五打這種雞蛋3)The eggs here are sold ______________.這兒雞蛋按打銷售4)I bought________ books from the bookstore.A．two dozen B．two dozensC．two dozen of D．two dozens of3．increase vt.&vi.增加，使增加；n.增加____________ adj.不斷增加的；逐漸增多的____________ adv.越來越；逐漸地歸納拓展Since Beijing’s first ski resort was opened ten years ago，the sport has enjoyed an astonishing increase.(2010全國Ⅱ，閱讀理解C)自從北京在十年前開放第一個滑雪勝地以來，這項運動已經(jīng)得到了驚人的發(fā)展。

活學(xué)活用(1)Gradually __________ the temperature ________ boiling point.逐漸把溫度增加到沸點2)There were 39,000 new cases last year—________________ 7 per cent compared to the year before.去年新發(fā)生案件39 000起，比往年增加7%3)It has been estimated that the earth’s surface temperature has increased ________ one to three degrees since 1850.(2011黃山調(diào)研)A．to B．by C．a(chǎn)t D．with4.annoy vt.使……不悅；惹惱__________ adj.惱怒的__________ adj.使生氣的歸納拓展be annoyed活學(xué)活用(1)The teacher ______________________ him for his naughtiness.他的頑皮使老師生氣。

2)—Why do you look so angry?—My son’s behavior in school greatly ______ me.A．punished B．damaged C．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．disturbed5．cause n．[C]原因，起因；目標(biāo)；事業(yè)；[U]理由，根據(jù)；vt.導(dǎo)致，使發(fā)生；引起(1)It rained heavily in the south，causing serious flooding in several provinces.(2010天津，12)南方天降大雨，導(dǎo)致許多省份出現(xiàn)了嚴重的水災(zāi)2)Do you know what caused the fire?你知道是什么引起了這場火災(zāi)嗎？(3)There is no cause for anxiety.沒有焦慮的理由活學(xué)活用(1)用cause，reason，excuse填空Laziness is the ________ of our failure and we shouldn’t try to find any __________ and now we have every __________ to work harder.(2)According to the recent research，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily________ and effect.(2011銅陵模擬)A．reason B．impact C．fact D．cause6．dismiss v．開除，解雇；解散，打發(fā)走；消除；放棄；不理歸納拓展John was dismissed last week because of his casual attitude towards his job.約翰上周被解雇是因為他對他的工作漫不經(jīng)心的態(tài)度。

活學(xué)活用(1)People used to ________ vegetarians ________ strangers/strange.人們過去通常把素食主義者當(dāng)作怪人而不予考慮2)She ______________ from her mind.她擺脫了對他的思念3)The worker was dismissed ________ laziness/being lazy.A．for B．from C．because D．on7．speed up加速；加快歸納拓展And it may even speed up while in the process.而在過程中，它甚至可能加速活學(xué)活用(1)The police car is running ______________ 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.警車以每小時一百英里的速度追趕前面那輛卡車2)We must ________________ (加快步伐)of our economic reform.(3)They are broadening the bridge to ________ the flow of traffic.(2011山東，25)A．put off B．speed up C．turn on D．work out 8.wash away沖掉；沖走；消除……的影響歸納拓展Wash down the walls before painting them.先把墻沖洗后再粉刷。

活學(xué)活用(1)________ this dress ________ well?這件連衣裙很好洗嗎？(2)We all washed ________ after dinner.(2010岳陽模擬)A．down B．up C．a(chǎn)way D．out9．in the hope that...懷著……的希望歸納拓展in the hope/hopes of...希望……h(huán)ope for...希望……without/beyond any hope (of)．..毫無……的希望(可能)There is much of hope that...大有……的希望(可能)She went there in the hope that she could find a good job.她抱著找到一個好工作的希望去了那兒活學(xué)活用(1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換He takes computer classes ________________ he can find a different job.?He takes computer classes ________________________ finding a different job.?He takes computer classes，________ that he can find a different job.他上電腦課，希望能找到一份不同的工作。

2)He asked her again________ he could persuade her to come.A．in the hope that B．in hope ofC．in the hope of D．in hope that10．take notice of注意，注意到，關(guān)注歸納拓展take account of考慮到，顧及take pride in為……而驕傲take hold of抓住，握住take possession of占有，擁有take advantage of利用take...for example以……為例take...for granted認為……理所當(dāng)然take responsibility for對……負起責(zé)任活學(xué)活用(1)The company ______________________ environmental issues wherever possible.只要有可能，這家公司總是盡量考慮到環(huán)境問題2)I took ____________________ you knew the fact.我理所當(dāng)然地認為你知道事實。

3)Let’s ________ human cloning ______________.咱們以克隆人類為例4)I kept complaining，but nobody took________.A．notice B．notices C．notice of D．notices of11．make up for彌補，補償歸納拓展Finally，over many years，the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss.(2009四川，閱讀理解E)幾年后，燃燒乙醇帶來的利益將會彌補森林的損失活學(xué)活用(1)The beautiful autumn ________ for the wet summer.美麗的秋季抵消了多雨的夏季這一缺點2)Nothing can ______________ the lost time.沒有什么能彌補丟失了的時間3)How can I ________ the way I’ve treated you？(2011宣城調(diào)研)A．make up for B．make for C．make out D．make up12.under repair在修理中歸納拓展(1)The stadium is still under repair and hopefully it will be completed by the end of the year.體育館正在修建中，有望在年底前完工。

2)Several new railways are under construction in China.在中國有好幾條鐵路正在修建中3)The possibility of replacing the computers remains under consideration.更換電腦的可能性仍在考慮之中4)The plans have been under discussion for a year now, but no decision has been reached.那些計劃討論了一年了， 還是沒有結(jié)果活學(xué)活用(1)The fire ______________________________ for half hour when they got there.他們到達時，火勢已被控制住半個小時了2)The firefighters soon got the fire in the building ________.A．under attack B．under controlC．under construction D．under study(3)A new road is________here.They hope to finish it next month.A．under way B．under controlC．under repair D．under construction(4)The eleventh typhoon Matsa made many cities in Japan________.A．under consideration B．under repairC．under attack D．under control13．So why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today?譯文：______________________________________________________________________句式提?。?..why not...?歸納拓展(1)why not有三重含義：①表示對否定陳述的回答“為什么不；為什么是那樣？”；②表示建議“為什么不干……呢？做……如何？”；③表示同意“當(dāng)然可以，好啊”。

why not跟不帶to的動詞不定式，用來提出建議，表示“為什么不……”，即Why not do...？＝Why don’t/won’t you do...?(2)Why do...？用來提出批評，表明做某事是愚蠢的或無意義的3)Why so？為什么那樣？Why is it that...？……是因為什么？ 活學(xué)活用(1)______________ join us for the experience of a lifetime?那么為什么不和我們一起享受這個終身難得的經(jīng)歷呢？(2)—Let’s go to see the movie.—________________？——我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍伞冒?)Now that you are free，________ go to the cinema with me？(2011常德月考)A．why don’t B．why not to C．why do you D．why not(4)—We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.—Yes，________？I’ll give them a call right now.(2011新課標(biāo)全國卷，21)A．why not B．what for C．why D．what答案1．活學(xué)活用(1)beyond control　(2)beyond expression(3)D　[句意為：很抱歉沒有給你打電話，因為在過去的幾個星期里我一直很忙。

根據(jù)句意選over“在……期間”，后跟一段時間beyond超出；among在……之間，多用于指作為一個整體的人或事物，一般不與表示時間的詞連用with與busy連用可構(gòu)成be busy with sth.“忙于某事”，但其中sth.一般不是表示時間的名詞或短語故選D項]2．活學(xué)活用(1)a dozen　(2)five dozen of(3)by the dozen(4)A　[dozen與具體數(shù)字連用時，其后直接加名詞復(fù)數(shù)]3．increasing；increasingly活學(xué)活用(1)increase；to　(2)an increase of　(3)B4．a(chǎn)nnoyed；annoying活學(xué)活用(1)was annoyed with(2)C　[此處應(yīng)是“兒子在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)使我煩惱”]5．活學(xué)活用(1)cause；excuse；reasoncause，reason，excuse(1)cause指造成某種現(xiàn)象的原因2)reason指某一行為或動作的理由3)excuse側(cè)重“托辭，借口”2)D　[cause and effect因果，習(xí)慣用法]6．活學(xué)活用(1)dismiss；as　(2)dismissed him(3)A　[句意為：這個工人因為太懶而被解雇了。

be dismissed for因……而被解雇]7．活學(xué)活用(1)at a speed of　(2)speed up the pace(3)B　[句意為：他們正拓寬橋面來加快車流速度put off推遲，推延；speed up加快速度；turn on打開，接通；取決于；work out算出；弄懂；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息broadening和the flow of traffic可知此處填speed up“加快速度”]8．活學(xué)活用(1)Does；wash(2)B　[句意為：飯后我們大家一起洗碗wash up洗刷用過的餐具，符合句意]9．活學(xué)活用(1)in the hope that；in the hope of/in hopes of　hoping(2)A　[由于后面是句子，所以應(yīng)用in the hope that...希望……]10．活學(xué)活用(1)takes account of　(2)it for granted that(3)take；for example(4)A　[句意為：我老是抱怨，但沒人注意由于后面沒有賓語，因此應(yīng)去掉of]11．活學(xué)活用(1)made up　(2)make up for(3)A　[句意為：我這樣對你，我怎樣才能彌補呢？make up for“(用其他方式對損失、過失的)彌補”，符合句意。

make up補齊(所損失的)；make for向……移動；促成；make out辨清；理解]12．活學(xué)活用(1)had been under control(2)B　[句意為：消防隊員迅速將大樓內(nèi)的火勢控制(control)住了](3)D　[由第二句話“他們希望下個月完成”知“路在建設(shè)中”，故D項正確](4)C　[句意為：第11號臺風(fēng)麥莎使得日本的很多城市遭到襲擊]13．所以，今天為什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地鐵觀賞一番呢？活學(xué)活用(1)So why not　(2)Why not(3)D　[句意為：既然你沒什么事做，為什么不跟我一起去看電影呢？提出建議應(yīng)用“Why don’t you do sth.？”或“Why not do sth.？”](4)A　[句意為：——我們可以邀請約翰和芭芭拉來參加星期五晚上的聚會——好的，為什么不邀請呢？我現(xiàn)在就給他們打電話why not為什么不；what for為了什么，為何目的；why為什么；what是什么根據(jù)語境，應(yīng)選A項]Unit 4　Public transport　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.語境填詞1．The ______________ (運輸) of vegetables to distant parts of the country used to be ____________(不方便)．2．He became __________ (不耐煩的) at the ____________(分派的任務(wù))．3．He got ________(解脫) after gaining the ________(目標(biāo))．4．The __________(擴張) of military forces is quite ________(可怕的)．Ⅱ.選詞填空1．The two organizations ____________ to hold a charity event.2．Generally speaking，people like to buy all kinds of things ________________.3．Their house was ________________ in the flood.4．She kept talking and nobody could __________ her ________.5．I thought I could have a relaxing weekend to ________________ all my hard work.6．This notice ______________ increasing people’s awareness of the problem.Ⅲ.翻譯句子1．我們這樣做是希望你能接受我們的提議(offer)。

2．隨著時間的流逝，他好像變得越來越困惑了3．這就是我認為自己最快樂的日子會在將來的原因4．你認為手機在將來會是什么樣子的？________________________________________________________________________Ⅳ.單項填空1．There is a close ________ between smoking and lung cancer.A．distinction B．a(chǎn)cquisitionC．expansion D．connection2．They will start their project ________ at helping the poor children to be educated in China’s west.A．a(chǎn)ims B．a(chǎn)imingC．being aimed D．a(chǎn)imed3．After the trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself，he ________ it into the sea.A．transported B．unloadedC．released D．handed4．As everybody knows，long lasting friendship is based on mutual understanding and ________ interests.A．ordinary B．commonC．same D．usual5．—John！What made you late again this morning?—Terrible traffic！A number of vehicles on the road ________ off the traffic.I am sorry!A．stopped B．heldC．choked D．prevented6．Everybody was touched ________ words after they heard her moving story.A．beyond B．withoutC．of D．in7．According to the recent research，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is unnecessarily ________ and effect.A．reason B．impact C．fact D．cause8．He came here ________ to see you，________ after he heard that you had returned from abroad.A．specially；mainly B．specially；especiallyC．especially；especially D．especially；specially9．Our figures are based on the ________ that the rate of inflation will be 5% by the end of the year.A．substance B．a(chǎn)ssumptionC．notice D．theory10．The boy was not ________ to the school because he was too young.A．permitted B．a(chǎn)pprovedC．a(chǎn)llowed D．a(chǎn)dmitted11．See the flag on top of the building？That was ______ we did this morning.A．when B．which C．where D．what12．I will go to Yantai.That’s ________ the best apples are.A．where B．whatC．when D．why13．________ do you think the weather will be like tomorrow?A．How B．What C．Which D．That14．________ your opinions are worth considering，we find it unwise to place too much importance on them.A．While B．AsC．Since D．Now that15．Mary wrote an article on ________ the team had failed to win the game.A．why B．what C．who D．thatⅤ.課文信息填空●Drivers not paying attention▲When another driver does something wrong，drivers who don’t pay attention to surrounding traffic are not 1.__________.●Drivers being impatient in a traffic jam▲Both drivers’ pushing into other lanes of traffic and overtaking other cars can easily cause 2.__________.●Drivers speaking on mobile phones▲Speaking on the mobile phone requires 3.______________ and takes a driver’s attention from the road.●Drinking and driving▲Drivers who drive after consuming alcoholic drinks are 4.__________ the law and risking their own lives as well as the lives of others.●Drivers speeding▲Driving too fast through city streets is very 5.____________ and dangerous.●Cyclists not paying attention▲Cyclists don’t pay attention to the cars and often ride too close to cars to allow them space and time to 6.________.●Riding bicycles on the pavement▲Cycling on the pavement can be dangerous.Cyclists should 7.________ next to their bicycles to avoid causing any accidents.●Cyclists carrying a passenger▲Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle or overloading it makes it unsteady and more difficult to control，which is an 8.____________ to accidents.●Bicycles without lights▲Many accidents are caused at night because a bicycle without a 9.________ cannot be seen.●Bicycles in need of repair▲Often 10.________ don’t work properly or tyres are too old.●Pedestrians crossing the road incorrectly▲Pedestrians should always cross the road on a crossing，and should never 11.________ across the road.●Ignoring traffic lights▲Traffic lights are there to 12.________ traffic in an orderly way.We should all obey.Ⅵ.完形填空That morning，before I realized it，my sixyearold son Jonathan broke a limb of my azalea(杜鵑花)bush and asked，“Can I take this to school today？”With a wave of my hand，I __1__him off.I turned my __2__ so he wouldn’t see the tears gathering in my eyes.I __3__ that azalea bush.I touched the broken limb as if to say __4__，“I’m sorry.”I was in low spirits most of the day.__5__at 2∶30 in the afternoon I hurriedly drove to the school to__6__Jonathan.“I want to talk to you about Jonathan，”the teacher said after she let me into the classroom.__7__ now？I thought as I glanced at my son busily coloring a picture.I prepared myself for the __8__.Nothing would have surprised me.“Did you know Jonathan brought __9__to school today？”she asked.I nodded，thinking about my__10__bush and trying to hide the __11__ in my eyes.“Let me tell you about yesterday，”the teacher insisted.“See that little girl？”I watched the brighteyed child __12__and point to a colorful picture on the wall.I nodded.“Well，yesterday she was almost __13__.Her mother and father are going through a divorce.She told me she didn’t want to __14__.I watched that little girl __15__her face in her hands and say loud enough for the class to hear，‘Nobody loves me.’I did all I could to __16__ her，but it only seemed to make matters worse.”“Today your son walked straight __17__ to that child.I watched him__18__her some pretty pink flowers and whisper，‘I love you.’”I felt my heart swell with __19__for what my son had done.I smiled at the teacher.“Thank you，”I said，reaching for Jonathan’s hand，“you’ve __20__ my day.”　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1．A.pushed B．turned C．sent D．called 2．A.back B．a(chǎn)rm C．eyes D．hand 3．A.planted B．fixed C．kept D．loved 4．A.sadly B．quietly C．gently D．silently 5．A.Then B．Yet C．Thus D．Instead 6．A.care for B．take inC．pick up D．look after7．A.How B．Why C．When D．What 8．A.first B．worst C．best D．last 9．A.luck B．change C．happiness D．flowers 10．A.broken B．favorite C．pretty D．poor 11．A.hurt B．surprise C．disappointment D．joy 12．A.study B．recover C．laugh D．cry 13．A.hysterical B．sick C．weak D．hopeless 14．A.stay B．paint C．live D．learn 15．A.bury B．hide C．cover D．put 16．A.encourage B．comfort C．praise D．help 17．A.over B．on C．off D．a(chǎn)cross 18．A.offer B．hand C．present D．provide 19．A.pleasure B．pride C．regret D．thanks 20．A.found B．spoiled C．broken D．made Ⅶ.閱讀理解Children’s books or children’s literature are very hard to define and categorise，because there is no set genre for children to enjoy.All in all they can be categorized into six major classes，namely early childhood picture books，traditional literature，fiction，nonfiction，biography and poetry.Children have unique taste and interest.Although Harry Potter may be an alltime favourite book for children all over the globe，they prefer funny books to fairy tales when it comes to bedtime.The top three favourite books in bedtime stories are The Gruffalo by Julia Donaldson and Axel Scheffler，The Very Hungry Caterpillar by Eric Carle and The BFG by Roald Dahl.There are many writers who popularized the children’s literature or children’s books through their brilliant works.John Amos Comenius is the author of Orbis Pictus which is considered to be the first picture book specifically for children.Charles Perrault is believed to be the one who laid the foundation of fairy tales.Perrault’s stories include Little Red Riding Hood，Cinderella，Sleeping Beauty and so on.Hans Christian Anderson is best known for his fairy tales，such as The Snow Queen，The Little Mermaid and The Emperor’s New Clothes.Many children’s books have been made into feature films and are equally successful in this medium，like Alice in Wonderland，the BFG series and the Harry Porter series.These series collected a huge amount of money when released worldwide in cinema halls.All these movies based on popular children’s books are not only popular among children but also popular among adult audience.Children’s books are in demand all over the world and more and more writers and authors are coming up with some new books.The potential market is immense because children are more into reading in this era than previous and they are enjoying it to the fullest.1．Before going to sleep children like to enjoy ______________________________________.A．fairy tales B．nonfictionC．funny books D．traditional literature2．All the following books are fairy tales except ___________________________________.A．The Snow Queen B．The GruffaloC．Little Red Riding Hood D．Cinderella3．Which of the following is NOT true about the films based on children’s books?A．Adults seem not to like them at all.B．They bring in a lot of money.C．They are very popular with children.D．They are shown around the world.4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that______.A．more famous books would be published in futureB．children would like to read children’s books moreC．more people are eager to be writers and authorsD．the economy is developing faster and faster5．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A．There Are Six Kinds of Children’s BooksB．Some Writers Are Wellknown in the WorldC．Many Films Are Based on Children’s BooksD．Children’s Books and Literature Are Very PopularⅧ.任務(wù)型閱讀/任務(wù)型讀寫Mobile office is the mutual product of economic，scientific and social progress.Mobile office has become a solution that provides users with convenient，prompt，safe，reliable，and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime via the support of mobile interconnection platform (MIP) and its applications system.Using mobile office and WAP technology，people can do their work anyw。