語法填空解題技巧

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1、真誠為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當之處，請指正。 語法填空解題技巧 綜合分析近5年的廣東高考試題，語法填空呈現(xiàn)如下規(guī)律和趨勢： 1．短文題材：或體現(xiàn)文化內(nèi)涵，或給人心靈以啟迪等。 2．短文難道：沒有超出課標的生詞，但有課標單詞的派生詞，主要考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語篇分析能力。 3．短文長度：200詞左右，不超過12句話。 4．首句不設(shè)空。 5．考點設(shè)置： （1）純空格題：設(shè)6-7個小題，通?？疾楣谠~、介詞、代詞和連詞等，答案只填一個單詞。 （2）用括號中所給詞語的正確形式填空：設(shè)3-4個小題，通?？疾橹^語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等，答案只能填

2、一個單詞或兩個或更多。 （3）不會要求考生根據(jù)上下問來填寫一個名詞、動詞或拼寫較長的形容詞和副詞。 一、能力要求：1. 閱讀/理解語篇的能力; 2. 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力; 3. 熟練運用語法的能力。 二、解題步驟（“由大到小” ） 1. 通讀全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脈。 2. 巧用已知，連線畫圖、降低難度、鋪平道路。 3. 理解句意、分析結(jié)構(gòu)、大膽猜測、各個擊破。 4. 重讀全篇、仔細核查、語法正確、語意貫通。 5. 拼寫正確、書寫規(guī)范、大小寫準確（注意三寫）。 語法填空是通過語篇在語境中考察語法知識的運用能力，我們在解題前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以

3、先進行填寫。在讀懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語言環(huán)境去逐句分析，逐題解答。下面按題型設(shè)計分兩種情況： 一、純空格試題的解題技巧 純空格填空題主要是填冠詞、介詞、代詞、連接詞(含從屬連詞和并列連詞)等虛詞。 首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子意思，確定具體填什么詞；或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。共有以下6個技巧： 技巧1：在簡單句和并列句中，若句子缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞。 例1．I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _it gets there almost

4、 in a second. 技巧2：名詞前面，若沒有限定詞（冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等），很可能是填限定詞。 例2． It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help _his_rice crop grow up quickly. 例3．…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to__a__small town some 20 kilometers away where

5、there was a garage. 技巧3：名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時，其前面，一定是填介詞。 例4．…who should have the honour of receiving me _as_a guest in their house. 技巧4: 若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞。 例5．…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso__and__Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars. 例6…all I saw was this be

6、autiful girls, whose smile just melted me __and_ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. 技巧5: 若兩個句子（即兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填并列連詞（連接并列的句子）或從屬連詞（連接定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句）。 例7：The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini ___who_died in 1926. 例8：In Japan,for exa

7、mple,it is normal for the woman tosend chocolates to the man while/but in Korea April 14th is known as “Black Day”. 例9：He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _but___ he felt very happy. 技巧6: 由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。 (1) 由it is/was … that… 強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，判斷it 還是that。判斷方法：去掉it is/was … that…結(jié)構(gòu)，句子還是一

8、個完整的句子就是強調(diào)句型。 (2) 由it 作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格是否填it. 例10：…and ___it__ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精). 例11：… as ___it__ took them just three minuts to steal paintings by two worls-famous artists.. 例12：Dating sites also makes___it__ easy to avoid someone

9、whom you are not interested in. (3) 在倒裝句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not…until等詞。 例13：__Only___ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. (4) so / such …that…句型 例14：This made the goat so jealous ___that___ it began plotting against the donkey. (5) more …than

10、…(與其說……不如說……，比……更……)句型。 例15：Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people rememberr more how much a manager cares ___than____ how much he pays. 二、給出提示詞的語法填空題 語法填空題的括號中所提供的詞通常是動詞、形容詞、副詞和名詞。 (一)、給出了動詞的試題解題技巧 首先，判斷要填的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。然后按照以下兩點進行思考。 技巧7：若句子沒有別的謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關(guān)系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；若是

11、謂語動詞，就要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)。 例16：When I die, I will give (give) everything to you. 例17：That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation,_closed__(close) my book and walked away. 例18：In Loganm three people _were taken_(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local cli

12、nic. 例19: Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in (result) the countrary to our intention. 例20: Now,Valentine”s Day is celebrated(celebrate) in many countries around the world. 技巧8: 若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，還是不定式，確定的方法主要有： (1) 作主語或賓語，通常用v-ing

13、 形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體情況。 例21：…but it is not enough only _to memorize_(memorize) rules from a grammar book. 例22：Speaking_(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary… 例23:He wann’t used to being taken (take) care of like that. (2) 作目的狀語或在形容詞后作狀語，一般用不定式。 例24：_To_co

14、mplete_(complete) the project as planed, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 例25：Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely__to succeed_(succeed). (3) 作伴隨狀語，通常用分詞，若與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞（v-ing）;若是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞（-ed）。 例26：He saw the stone, __saying_(say) to h

15、imself: “the night will be very dark.” 例27：The headmaster went into the lab, _followed_(follow) by the foreign guests. 例28：Problems, depending (depend)on their nature, cause us sadness or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. (4) 無論非謂語動詞在句子作何種成分，若判斷得出其需要用分詞時，分詞與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞（v-ing）；是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞

16、（-ed）。 例29：While she was getting me.settled (settle) into a tiny but clean room,… 例30：Lessons _learned_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 例31:The dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing (need) less space and food. 例32：A room full of can

17、diates for a state examination timed (time) exactly by electronic clocks. 例33：It was a presidental talk delivered ( deliver) at a time of… 其次，若所給動詞既不做謂語也不做非謂語，那就是詞的轉(zhuǎn)換題。 技巧9: 動詞的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換主要做主語、賓語和定語。 例34：There are uncomfortable (comfort) feelings often as any kind of physical pain. 例35：It came

18、into existence (exist) with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. 例36：They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building equipment (equip) to dig holes 例37：But a mother in North Cardina said she thought the speech (speak) could have a positive impact. 例38：

19、We can have the most supportive (support) parents and the best schools in the world. 例39：When China’s ancient scientific and technological _achievements_(achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally prefer to the Four Great Inventions. 例40：These people have made great _contributions (contrib

20、ute) to China with their work. 例41：…instructors expect students to be familiar with _information_ (inform) in the reading. 例42：But Jane knew from past experience that her choice (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. （二）、給出了形容詞、副詞、名詞的試題解題技巧 這類題主要是考查名詞、形容詞和副詞，根據(jù)該詞在句中所作句子成分確定用那種形式，具體

21、技巧有以下4種。 技巧10: 作表語（在系動詞之后）、定語（修飾名詞）或賓補（表性質(zhì)狀態(tài)），通常用形容詞形式。 例43：The youngster immediately fell _silent_(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. 例44：In a _dangerous_(danger ) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they leart to… 例45：Teachers must try their best to make most of thei

22、r students _interested_(interest) in the subject. 例46：This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural (nature) course. 技巧11: 修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。 例47：As I looked _closely (close) at this girl, I found that… 例48：There must be something _seriously_(serious) wrong with our

23、society. 例49：Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet _mainly (main) because their busy lifesytyles leave them little time… 例50：Fortunately (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed. 技巧12: 有的詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類或詞性不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需要句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un-, im-, in-等，在詞根后加-less等。 例51： People certainly have

24、a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _useless_(use). 例52：Your mistake caused a lot of _unnecessary_(necessary) work in the office. 例53：Its origins are unclear (clear) and hidden in the river of time. 技巧13: 括號中所給詞若是形容詞或副詞，有可能考查其比較級或最高級。

25、 例54：The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could… he jumped even _harder_(hard) and nearly made himself out. 例55：Guangzhou is the third largest (large) city in China. 例56：…,but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher (high) Americans love pets. In America, there are more fam

26、ilies with pets 16.than those with children. It is common 17.that U.S. homes have some sorts of pets, such as monkeys, snakes and even wolves. But Americans’ all-time favorites are cats and dogs, because dogs can offer protection from thieves and unwelcome visitors and cats can help get rid

27、 18.of the home unwanted pests. Beneath keeping pets, there lies a basic American belief: Pets have a right to be treated well. In Houston, Texas, dogs can have a right to be treated well. In Houston, Texas, dogs can have dinner 19.delivered (deliver) to their homes, just like pizza. Pets can

28、even go with 20.their owners on vacation. Besides, at least 75 animal welfare organizations exist in America which provide care and adoption services for 21.homeless (home) and ill-treated animals. To pay for the high-tech health care, people can buy health insurance 22.for their pets. Pe

29、ts are 23.as basic to American culture as hot dogs or apple pie. By now researchers 24.have discovered (discover) that interacting with animals lowers a person’s blood pressure. Pets even encourage social relationships. They give their owners an appearance of friendliness, and they

30、provide 25.a good topic of conversation. Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will 16.probably (probable)say that they go to learn languages，arithmetitic，history, science and some other knowledges．That is quite true；but why do they learn these things? We send o

31、ur children to school to prepare them for the time 17.when they will be big and will have to work for 18.themselves ．Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life．but is that 19.the only reason why they go to school? There is more in education than just 20.l

32、earning (1earn)facts．We go to school to learn how to learn，so that when we have left school we can continue to learn．A man 21.who really knows how to learn will always be successful，because when he has to do something new, he will not only be able to do it well himself, he will also be able to te

33、ach others 22.how to do it in the best way．The 23.uneducated (educate)person，on the other hand，is either unable to do something new，or just 24.does (do) it badly．The purpose of schools， 25.therefore ，is not to teach languages，arithmetitic，history science，etc．，but to teach pupils the way to 1eam． 6 / 6