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1、數(shù)詞在高考中雖然不像其它詞數(shù)詞在高考中雖然不像其它詞類那么類那么熱熱,但也有其考查的重但也有其考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),須引起同學(xué)們的注意。須引起同學(xué)們的注意。 一、考查基數(shù)詞的用法一、考查基數(shù)詞的用法 1. 基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞hundred, thousand, million等表示等表示確切數(shù)目時(shí)確切數(shù)目時(shí),其詞尾其詞尾不能加不能加-s,其前面可用其前面可用數(shù)詞或數(shù)詞或several, some等修飾等修飾;當(dāng)表示籠統(tǒng)當(dāng)表示籠統(tǒng)數(shù)目時(shí)數(shù)目時(shí),其詞尾其詞尾要加要加-s,可跟可跟of連用連用,其前不其前不能用數(shù)詞能用數(shù)詞,但可以用但可以用several, some等修飾。等修飾。 【原題再現(xiàn)】【原題
2、再現(xiàn)】_ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day. A.Several million B. Many millions C. Several millions D. Many million 【解析】【解析】 million前可用前可用several修飾修飾,此時(shí)其后不此時(shí)其后不能加能加-s, many不能修飾不能修飾million。表達(dá)。表達(dá)幾百萬幾百萬也可用也可用millions of。答案為。答案為A。 2. dozen和score的用法要注意以下幾點(diǎn): 1)dozen與數(shù)詞或many, sever
3、al等連用時(shí),不加不加-s,所修飾的名詞前常省去省去of。如two (many, several) dozen pencils。但是,在a dozen of these / those people, two dozen of them等短語中應(yīng)加of,這是習(xí)慣用法。 2) two score of people中應(yīng)加of,但在three score and ten people(70人)中,不加of。 3) 表示幾十;許多時(shí),可使用dozens of; scores of形式。 【原題再現(xiàn)】 Mr. Smith _ me to buy several _eggs for the dinner
4、 party. A.asked; dozen B. suggested; dozens of C. had; dozen D. persuaded; dozens 【解析】 dozen前有具體數(shù)字或some, several等修飾時(shí)要用單數(shù)形式;have作使役動(dòng)詞時(shí),應(yīng)該用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。答案為A。 3. 注意年齡、年代的表達(dá)法。表達(dá)注意年齡、年代的表達(dá)法。表達(dá)在某人在某人幾十歲時(shí)幾十歲時(shí)用用in ones +逢十的基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)逢十的基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù);表達(dá)表達(dá)在幾十年代在幾十年代時(shí)時(shí),用用in the +逢十的逢十的基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)。 A A【原題再現(xiàn)】【原題再現(xiàn)】 It is not
5、 rare in _that people in _ fifties are going to university for further education. A.90s; the B. the 90s; / C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their 【解析】根據(jù)題意【解析】根據(jù)題意,第一空應(yīng)表示第一空應(yīng)表示年代年代; 第二空表第二空表示示在在50多歲的時(shí)候多歲的時(shí)候。答案為。答案為D。 二、考查序數(shù)詞的用法二、考查序數(shù)詞的用法 序數(shù)詞一般由基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞一般由基數(shù)詞+th構(gòu)成。以構(gòu)成。以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞時(shí)成序數(shù)詞時(shí),先把先把y變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閕,再加再加
6、eth。如。如twentieth; fiftieth。常用的不規(guī)則的序數(shù)詞有。常用的不規(guī)則的序數(shù)詞有:first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。序數(shù)詞前通常。序數(shù)詞前通常要加定冠詞要加定冠詞the,但序數(shù)詞不表示順序而表示但序數(shù)詞不表示順序而表示再再一一;又一又一時(shí)時(shí),前面要用不定冠詞前面要用不定冠詞a(an)。 【原題再現(xiàn)】 The cakes are delicious. Hed like to have _ third one because _ second one is rather too small. A. a; a
7、B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 【解析】從句意可知,第一空表示再一,應(yīng)填a;第二空表示順序第二,應(yīng)填the。答案為C。 三、考查分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)的用法 表示幾分之幾或百分之幾的人或物時(shí),須在分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)和人或物之間加of。若充當(dāng)主語,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)須與of后的名詞保持一致。【原題再現(xiàn)】 _ of the land in that district_ covered with trees and grass. A.Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are 【解析】五分之二應(yīng)為
8、two fifths;land是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用單數(shù)形式。答案為C。 四、考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法 英語中表達(dá)倍數(shù)常用下列句型: 1. A is three / four.times the size / height / length / width.of B. 2. A is three / four.times as big / high / long / wide.as B. 3. A is three / four.times bigger / higher / longer / wider.than B. 用times表示倍數(shù)時(shí),一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的數(shù),表示兩倍常用twic
9、e或double。 【原題再現(xiàn)】 It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe. A.as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much 【解析】倍數(shù)應(yīng)位于as.as結(jié)構(gòu)之外。答案為D。數(shù)詞的基本用法數(shù)詞的基本用法考題點(diǎn)擊考題點(diǎn)擊1 It is not rare in _ that people in _ fifties are going to university for further education. (99上海) A
10、. 90s, theB. the 90s, / C. 90s, theirD. the 90s, theirD D表示“幾十歲”；用 in ones + 數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)，如：He began to work in his teens.表示年代，用 in +the +數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)；數(shù)詞的基本用法數(shù)詞的基本用法考題點(diǎn)擊考題點(diǎn)擊2 _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. ( 2000上海) A. Two fifth, isB. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, isD. Two fifths, ar
11、eC C分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語時(shí)，關(guān)鍵是看其后的名詞來決定其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)。該題中的是不可數(shù)名詞，所以動(dòng)詞需用單數(shù)。數(shù)詞的基本用法數(shù)詞的基本用法考題點(diǎn)擊考題點(diǎn)擊3 Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. (2002上海春) A. more than twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many as D. more than twice as manyD D倍數(shù)表示法：主+謂+倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+ as + adj. (+ n.) + asI have three times as many as you.
語法專題11 數(shù)詞(Ivan Fang)2
