[高考]【決勝高考】6年高考英語(yǔ) 母題精解精析專題16 閱讀理解人物傳記

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1、 【備戰(zhàn)2013】6年高考英語(yǔ) 母題精解精析專題 【2012高考試題】 【2012山東卷】 B One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the hi

2、story of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文)showing how it was used. This was a huge task. So Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British c

3、olonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,

4、” 50 miles from Oxford. Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors. But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897， Murray fin

5、ally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane. Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 sub

6、missions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. Minor died in 1920, seven years before t

7、he first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient. 61. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _________. A. came out before minor die

8、d B. was edited by an American volunteer C. included the English words invented by Murray D. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary 62. How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary? A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B. He sent newspapers, magazines and

9、 books to Murray. C. He provided a great number of words and quotations D. he went to England to work with Murray. 63. Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford? A. He was shut in an asylum B. He lived far from Oxford C. He was busy writing a book D. He disliked traveling 64. Prof. Murray

10、and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because __________. A. they both served in the Civil War. B. They had a common interest in words C. Minor recovered with the help of Murray D. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor 65. Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor? A. Brave and d

11、etermined B. Cautious and friendly C. Considerate and optimistic D. Unusual and scholarly 66. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The history of the English language. B. The friendship between Murray and Minor C. Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary D. Broadmoor Asylum an

12、d is patients 62.【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)第三段的第一句話Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray可知答案選C。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 【2012安徽卷】 C When Frida Kahlo's paintings were on show in London, a poet described her paintings as “ a ribbon （絲帶）around a bomb”. Such comments seem to sugg

13、est Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time. Sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time. Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City , Kahlo suffered from polio（小兒麻痹癥）at the age of seven. Her spine （脊柱）become bent as she grew older. Then, in 1925, her

14、 back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident. Throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but noting was able to cure the terrible pain in her back. However, the accident had an unexpected side effect. While lying in her bed recovering, Kahlo taught herself to pai

15、nt. In 1929, she got married to Diego Rivera, another famous Mexican artist. Rivera’s strong influences on Kahlo’s style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband. Unfortunately, her works did not attract

16、 much attention in the 1930s and1940s, even in her home country. Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlo’s works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last. 64

17、. What does the phrase “a much bigger name” in paragraph 1 most nearly mean? A. a far better artist B. a for more gifted artist C. a much stronger person D. a much more famous person 65. The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by . A. polio

18、 B. her bent spine C. back injuries D. the operations she had 66. Kahlo’s style had become increasingly independent since the . A.1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1970s 67. What is author’s attitude to

19、ward Kahlo? A. Devotion B. Sympathy C. Worry D. Encouragement 典型的人物傳記。難度一般般。 64D 我們可以用better 和gifted來描寫她，但是文章中說她的主要悲劇是不被大眾認(rèn)識(shí)。 65C 文章依據(jù)就是school bus accident. 66B 細(xì)節(jié)題，直接找到答案 67B 推理題，tomb和sadly告訴我們這是一個(gè)悲劇，a ribbon告訴我們主人公很積極樂觀。 【2011高考試題】 1.（2011·山東卷）A A

20、rthur Miller(1915-2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller` s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“ Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family busi

21、ness was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s. Millers' s most famous play, Death of a Salesman , is a powerful attack on the American system ,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman , the hero of

22、 the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment : if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as

23、to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. When it was first staged in 1949 ,the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews ,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics` Circle Award, and the Puli

24、tzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards. Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut ,on the evening of February 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway. 56. Why did Arthur Mille

25、r' s father move to the USA? A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country. B. He was attracted by the "Great American Dream. C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist. D. His family business failed. 57. The play Death of a Salesman A. exposes the crue

26、lty of the American business world B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D. focuses on the skills in doing business 58. What can we learn about Willy Loman? A. He treats his employer badly. B. He runs t

27、he Wagner Company. C. He is a victim of the American system. D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues. 59. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman A. achieved huge success B. won the first Tony Award C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen

28、 D. was severely attacked by dramatists 60. What is the text mainly about? A. Arthur Miller and his family. B. The awards Arthur Miller won. C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced. D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play. 2.（2011·陜西卷）B Most peopl

29、e know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner. Born in September, 1987, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along with nine other children wh

30、ose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris. Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World W

31、ar I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities（設(shè)備） to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military’s Medal by the French g

32、overnment. In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taugh him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son

33、Pierre five years later. Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（輻射能）. Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukem

34、ia on March 17, 1956. 49．Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?【B】 A.Because she received a degree in mathematics. B.Because she contributed to saving the wounded. C.Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic. D. Because she worked as a helper to her mother. 50．Where did Irene Curie meet

35、her husband Frederio joliot?【A】 A.At the Curie Institute. B.At the Cniversity of Paris. C.At a military hospital. D.At the College of Sevigne. 51．When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?【A】 A. In 1932. B. In 1927. C. In 1897. D. In 1926. 52． In w

36、hich of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?【C】 A.Irene worked with radioactivity. B.Irene combined family and career. C.Irene won the Nobel Prize once D.Irene died from leukemia. 3.（2011·重慶卷）D William Butler Yeats, a most famous Irish writer, was born in Dubli

37、n on June 13,1865. His childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. Later, Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “l(fā)ittle of childhood but its pain”. In fact, he inherited (繼承) excellent taste in art from his family—both his father and his brother were painter

38、s. But he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戲劇) and poetry. Yeats had strong faith in coming of new artistic movements. He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s. His early theatrical experiments, however, were not received favorably at t

39、he beginning. He didn’t lose heart, and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama. Compared with his dramatic works, Yeats’s poems attract much admiring notice. The subject matter includes love, nature, history, time and aging. Though Yeats generally relied on very tradisional forms, he brought

40、 modern sensibility to them. As his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition. He had not enjoyed a major public lift since winning the Nobel Price in 1923. Yet, he continued writing almost to the end of his life. Had Yeats stopped writing at

41、 age 40, he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the age of 50 and 75. After Yeats’s death in 1939, W. H. Auden wrote, among others, the falling liners: Earth, receive an honoured guest: Wi

42、lliam Yeats is laid to rest. Let the Irish vessel (船) lie Emptied of its poetry. 68. Which of the following can describe Yeats’s family? A. It filled Yeats’s childhood with laughter. B. It was shocked by Yeats’s choice. C. It was a typically wealthy family. D. It had an artistic atmosphere.

43、69. According to thse passage, what do we know about Yeats’s life? A. Yeats founded the first Irish theater. B. Yeats stuck to modern forms in his peotry. C. Yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s. D. Yeats was not favored by the publie until the 1923 Noble Prize. 70. What kind of

44、 feeling is expressed in W.H.Auden’s lines? A. Envy. B. Sympathy. C. Emptiness. D. Admiration. 71. What is the passage mainly about? A. Yeats’s literary achievements. B. Yeats’s historical influence. C. Yeats’s artistic ambition. D. Yeats’s national h

45、onor. 【答案】DCDA 4.（2011·福建卷）D Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed (展現(xiàn)) herself as she did nowhere else. After the death of her second husband,Greek shipping ma

46、gnate AristotieOnassis laqueline’s close friend and former White House social ? Letitis Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishing.After consideration, Jacqueline accepted it.Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life .She became not less

47、but more interested in reading.For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher’s editor, first at Viking,then at Doubleday ,pursuing（追求）a late-life career longer than her two marriages combined.During her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than

48、100 sucessfully marketed books.Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes.She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book ,The Power of Myth.The book went on to become an interna

49、tional best-seller.She dealt too.with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography(自傳)，Moonwalk. Jaequelinered for her name and for her social relations,but she soon proved Her worth.Her shoicas,suggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing Since and to Ja

50、cqueline herself.In the books she selected for publication,she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind.Her books are the autobiofraphy she never wrote,Her role as First lady,in the end,was overshadowed by her performance as an editor.Ho

51、wever,few knew that she had achteved so much. 68.We can learn from the passage that Jecqueline A.because fond of reading after working as an editor B.was in charge of publishing 100 books C.promoted lier books through social relations D.gained a lot from her career as an editor 69.The

52、 underlined sentence in the last paragph probably means this A.Jscqueline’s ended up as an editor rather than as First Lady B. Jscqueline’s life as First Lady was more colorful than as an editor C. Jscqueline was more successful as an editor than as First Lady D. Jscqueline’s role as Firs

53、t Lady was more brilliant than as an editor 70.What can be inferred from the passage? A. Jscqueline’s two marriages lasted more than 20 years B. Jscqueline’s own publishing firm was set up eventually C. Jscqueline’s views and beliefs were reflected in the books she edited D. Jscqueline’s achiev

54、ements were widely known 71.The passage is mainly A.an introduction of jacqueline’s life both as Fist Lady and as editor. B.a brief description of jacqueline’s lifelong experiences. C.a brief account of jacqueline’s career as an editor in her last 20 years. D.an analysis of Jscqueline’s soc

55、ial relations in publishing 【答案】DCCC 【2010高考試題】 Passage 1 (10·安徽A篇) The engineer Camilla Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin,

56、but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world, By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13.000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries. Camillo’s s

57、on, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialist. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(計(jì)算器). In 1959 it produced the ELEA compute

58、r system. This was the first mainframe(主機(jī)) computer designed and made in Italy. After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problem. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company. In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti b

59、ecame the new boss. Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the world’s lesding companies in information technology and commucations. There are now five independent comp

60、anies in the Olivetti group—one for personal computers, one for other office equipment, one for systems and service, and two for telecommunications. 56.From the text we learn that A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13.000 typewriters a year B. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1

61、950s C. some of Olivetti’s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy D. Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning 57. What was probably the direct result of Olivetti’s falling behind in electronic technology A. Adriano’s death B.A period of financ

62、ial problems C. Its faster progress D. Its agreements with other companies. 58. What do we know about Olivetti? A. It produced the best typewriter in the world. B. It designed the world’s first mainframe computer. C. It exported more typewriters than other companies. D. It has

63、 five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea. 59. The best title for the text would be A. The Origin of Olivetti. B. The Success of Olivetti. C. The History of Olivetti D. The Production of Olivetti. 答案：56—59 ABDC Passage 2 (10·福建A篇) F

64、. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton. University for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make s

65、ome money to impress her. His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary:“ My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.” T

66、his side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age (1922), and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he p