2012年 英語新課標(biāo)全國卷1

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1、2012課標(biāo)全國卷(英語)第卷第二部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.AhoweverBwhateverCwhichever Dwhenever答案是B。21A172012課標(biāo)全國卷 Which one of these do you want?_. Either will do.AI dont mind BIm sureCNo problem

2、DGo ahead21A考查情景對話。I dont mind.我不介意； Im sure.我確信；No problem.沒問題；Go ahead.繼續(xù)做。句意：“你想要這些中的哪一個(gè)？”“我不介意。任何一個(gè)都行?！?2A32012課標(biāo)全國卷 Sarah looked at _ finished painting with _ satisfaction.A不填； a Ba; theCthe; 不填 Dthe; a22C考查冠詞的用法。第一空特指“已經(jīng)畫完的畫”；第二空考查介詞短語with satisfaction意為“滿意地”，作狀語。此處satisfaction為抽象名詞，在此短語中不用冠詞。

3、句意：薩拉滿意地看著那幅已畫完的畫。23. A112012課標(biāo)全國卷 “Life is like walking in the snow”， Granny used to say, “because every step _”Ahas shown Bis showingCshows Dshowed23C考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。此處是奶奶過去常常說的一句話，這里是直接引語，句子的內(nèi)容是生活哲理，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：奶奶過去常常說：“生活就像在雪中行走，因?yàn)槊恳徊蕉伎吹靡??！?4A132012課標(biāo)全國卷 It is by no means clear_ the president can do to

4、end the strike.AhowBwhich CthatDwhat24D考查主語從句的連接詞。此處It是形式主語，what引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，作真正的主語，what在從句中作do的賓語。句意：總統(tǒng)采取什么行動結(jié)束這次罷工一點(diǎn)兒也不清楚。25. A142012課標(biāo)全國卷 I dont believe weve met before, _ I must say you do look familiar.Atherefore Balthough Csince Dunless25B考查狀語從句的連接詞。句意：盡管我得說你確實(shí)看起來面熟，但我相信我們以前沒見過面。根據(jù)句意只有although符合題意

5、。26. A42012課標(biāo)全國卷 The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much _Athe best Bbest Cbetter Dthe better26D考查形容詞比較等級的用法。此處so much the better是固定短語，意為：那就更好了。句意：這結(jié)果對我們來說不是很重要，但如果我們真的贏了，那就更好了。27A82012課標(biāo)全國卷 Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her

6、teacher says.Aput out Bput down Cput away Dput together27B考查動詞短語的辨析。put out熄滅； put down記下，寫下；put away收拾，把東西放好；put together放在一起。句意：瑪麗非常擅長在課上記筆記。她幾乎能把老師說的每個(gè)詞都寫下來。28A162012課標(biāo)全國卷 The party will be held in the garden, weather _Apermitting Bto permitCpermitted Dpermit28A考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。此處主句的主語The party 和weather不

7、一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，weather與permit之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：如果天氣允許，聚會將在花園舉行。29A42012課標(biāo)全國卷 This restaurant wasnt _ that other restaurant we went to.Ahalf as good as Bas half good asCas good as half Dgood as half as29A考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法的句型。在asas句型中，倍數(shù)放在第一個(gè)as的前面，故A正確。句意：這家飯店不及我們?nèi)ミ^的另一家的一半好。30A10201

8、2課標(biāo)全國卷 I _ use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.Acouldnt BmustntCshouldnt Dneednt30D考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。此處“neednt動詞原形”表示：沒有必要做某事。句意：我沒有必要用鬧鐘叫醒自己，因?yàn)槊刻煸缟狭c(diǎn)火車都經(jīng)過我的房子。31A22012課標(biāo)全國卷 Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _ of them wants to, bec

9、ause they have work to do.Aeither Bany Cneither Dnone31C考查代詞的用法。根據(jù)句意可知，Bill和Peter是兩個(gè)人，所以其否定形式用neither。句意：拉里請求比爾和彼得一起和他去野餐，但他們兩個(gè)都不想去，因?yàn)樗麄円ぷ鳌?2A92012課標(biāo)全國卷 Film has a much shorter history, especially when _ such art forms as music and painting.Ahaving compared to Bcomparing toCcompare to Dcompared to3

10、2D考查非謂語動詞的用法。此處是被省略的時(shí)間狀語從句，其相當(dāng)于：when film is compared to such art forms as music and painting. 這里film和compare之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。又因?yàn)閺木渲髡Z和主句主語一致，所以film和is被省略。句意：電影的歷史短得多，尤其是當(dāng)它和像音樂和繪畫這樣的藝術(shù)形式相比時(shí)。33A112012課標(biāo)全國卷 I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _ before my eyes.Aswim Bswum Cs

11、wam Dhad swum33C考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)榍鞍刖溆昧诉^去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，所以后半句用一般過去時(shí)，只有這樣才能具備“過去的過去”的條件。句意：我一整個(gè)下午都在做數(shù)學(xué)題，那些數(shù)字在我的眼前晃動。34A62012課標(biāo)全國卷 You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you.Aso Bor Cand Dbut34B考查并列連詞。此處or意為“否則”。句意：你必須躲開，否則卡車過不去。35A72012課標(biāo)全國卷 If she doesnt want to go, nothing you can say will _ he

12、r.Apersuade Bpromise Cinvite Dsupport35A考查動詞詞義辨析。persuade說服；promise許諾；invite 邀請； support支持。句意：如果她不想去，你說什么都不能說服她。根據(jù)句意選A。第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)B42012課標(biāo)全國卷 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks _36_ than word

13、s. According to specialists, our bodies send out more _37_ than we realize. In fact, nonverbal (非言語) communication takes up about 50% of what we really _38_. And body language is particularly _39_ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so _40_ a part

14、of us that its actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. _41_， different societies treat the _42_ between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having _43_ contact (接觸) even with friends, and certainly not with _44_. People from Latin American coun

15、tries, _45_， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, its possible that in _46_， it may look like a Latino is _47_ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving _48_. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep _49_ which the Latino wi

16、ll in return regard as _50_ Clearly, a great deal is going on when people _51_. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from _52_ cultures, theres a strong possibility of _53_ . But whatever the situation, the best _54_ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you w

17、ould like to be _55_36A.straighter BlouderCharderDfurther37A.sounds BinvitationsCfeelings Dmessages38A.hope BreceiveCdiscover Dmean39A.immediate BmisleadingCimportant Ddifficult40A.well Bfar Cmuch Dlong41A.For example BThusCHowever DIn short42A.trade BdistanceCconnections Dgreetings43A.eye Bverbal C

18、bodily Dtelephone44A.strangers BrelativesCneighbours Denemies45A.in other words Bon the other hand Cin a similar way Dby all means46A.trouble Bconversation Csilence Dexperiment47A.disturbing BhelpingCguiding Dfollowing48A.closer Bfaster Cin Daway49A.stepping forward Bgoing onCbacking away Dcoming ou

19、t50A.weakness Bcarelessness Cfriendliness Dcoldness51A.talk Btravel Claugh Dthink52A.different BEuropeanCLatino Drich53A.curiosity Bexcitement Cmisunderstanding Dnervousness54A.chance Btime Cresult Dadvice55A.noticed Btreated Crespected Dpleased【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇說明文。作者認(rèn)為身勢語比言辭更有效，而身勢語卻常常被人們忽略。在進(jìn)行跨文化交流的過程中，

20、身勢語尤為重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人為例進(jìn)行了闡述。最后作者指出：不管什么情況，最好的建議是：對待別人像你希望被對待的那樣。(你想別人怎么對待你，你就怎樣對待別人。)36. B考查副詞的比較級及語境理解。身勢語比語言表達(dá)的意思更響亮，更清楚。此處louder意為：聲音更大，即更有說服力。如：諺語Facts speak louder than words.(事實(shí)勝于雄辯。)37. D考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。據(jù)專家稱：我們的身體發(fā)出比我們意識到的更多的信息。sound聲音；invitation邀請；feeling感覺；message信息。38. D考查動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。實(shí)際上，非語言

21、交際約占據(jù)了我們真正想表達(dá)的意思的50%的分量。hope希望；receive接收；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；mean意思是。39. C考查形容詞詞義辨析。當(dāng)我們進(jìn)行跨文化交流時(shí)，身勢語顯得尤為重要。immediate立刻的； misleading 誤導(dǎo)的；important重要的；difficult困難的。40. C考查形容詞的用法。事實(shí)上，身勢語是常常被我們忽略的很多的一部分。41. A考查語境理解。下文中以拉丁美洲人和挪威人為例，說明不同的社會群體對待距離的態(tài)度是不同的。42. B考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。不同的社會群體對待人們之間接觸的距離是不同的。trade交易； distance 距離

22、； connection聯(lián)系；greeting問候。43. C考查語境理解。即使是朋友，北歐人通常也不喜歡身體的接觸，當(dāng)然更不用說陌生人。eye 眼睛，眼神；verbal 言辭的； bodily身體的；telephone電話。44. A考查名詞詞義辨析。北歐人通常不喜歡身體的接觸，即使是朋友，當(dāng)然更不用說陌生人。stranger陌生人；relative親戚；neighbour鄰居；enemy敵人。45. B考查介詞短語的含義及語境理解。on the other hand然而，在另一方面。然而，拉丁美洲國家的人們相互接觸的就很多。46. B考查名詞詞義辨析。在對話過程中，拉丁人跟著挪威人滿屋子轉(zhuǎn)

23、是可能的。trouble 麻煩；conversation對話； silence 沉默；experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。47. D考查動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。在對話過程中，拉丁人跟著(following)挪威人滿屋子轉(zhuǎn)是可能的。此處follow意為：跟著走。48. A考查語境理解。拉丁人靠得更近表示友好。49. C考查動詞短語的含義及語境理解。挪威人將不斷地后退。step forward前進(jìn)； go on 繼續(xù)；back away后退；come out出來。50. D考查名詞詞義辨析。拉丁人反過來認(rèn)為他們很冷淡。weakness虛弱； carelessness粗心；friendliness 友誼；co

24、ldness冷淡。51. A考查動詞詞義辨析。很顯然，當(dāng)人們談話時(shí)，許多東西都在進(jìn)行。52. A考查形容詞詞義辨析。當(dāng)我們的伙伴來自于不同的文化背景時(shí)，產(chǎn)生誤解的可能性就會很大。53C考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。當(dāng)我們的伙伴來自于不同的文化背景時(shí)，產(chǎn)生誤解的可能性就會很大。54. D考查名詞詞義辨析。不管什么樣的情景，最好的建議是遵守這樣的黃金規(guī)則：對待別人像你希望被對待的那樣。55. B考查動詞詞義辨析。不管什么樣的情景，最好的建議是遵守這樣的黃金規(guī)則：對待別人像你希望被對待的那樣。(你想別人怎樣對待你，你就怎樣對待別人。)第三部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分

25、，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。C42012課標(biāo)全國卷 AAre you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places：Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids interest. Many offer workshops for making handmade pieces, traveling exhibi

26、ts, book signings(簽名) by childrens favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts.Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational pro

27、grams are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Preshow play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet (木偶) makin

28、g and stage makeup are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.Try handson_science. Visit one of the many handson science museums around the country. These science playlands are great fun for kids and grownups alike. Theyll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day t

29、hrough while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.56If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit _Aa YoutheaterBan art museumCa natural history museumDa handson science museum57What

30、can kids do at a Youtheater? ALook at rock collections. BSee dinosaur models. CWatch puppet making. DGive performances.58What does “handson science” mean in the last paragraph? AScience games designed by kids. BLearning science by doing things. CA show of kids science work. DReading science books.59

31、Where does this text probably come from? AA science textbook. BA tourist map. CA museum guide. DA news report.【要點(diǎn)綜述】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了4則關(guān)于博物館信息的廣告。第一則：藝術(shù)博物館；第二則：自然歷史博物館；第三則：木偶劇院；第四則：自己動手科學(xué)博物館。56C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。如果孩子對宇宙感興趣，那你就得帶孩子去“自然歷史博物館”。宇宙的內(nèi)容是自然歷史博物館的一部分。根據(jù)第二則廣告中的“This is where kids can discover the past from d

32、inosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky.”可知C正確。57. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三則廣告中的“Puppet(木偶)making and stage makeup are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.”可知C正確。58. B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章中最后一則廣告中的“Theyll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through whil

33、e pushing buttons, experimenting, and building.”可知在這種博物館中，孩子們通過按按鈕、做實(shí)驗(yàn)和建東西去體驗(yàn)。所以B正確。59. C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第一句話“Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places：”和四則廣告全是有關(guān)博物館的內(nèi)容可知，這是一則博物館廣告介紹，所以這取材于博物館指南。C82012課標(biāo)全國卷 B Honey from the African forest is not only

34、a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though

35、, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helpera little bird called a honey guide. The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees nest. So, when it finds a s

36、uitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they

37、 finally arrive at the nest, the_follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share. Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, b

38、ut it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.60. Why is it difficult to find a wild

39、 bees nest? A. Its small in size. B. Its hidden in trees. C. Its covered with wax. D. Its hard to recognize.61. What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A bee. B. A bird. C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper.62. The honey guide is special in the way _ A. it gets its food B. it goes

40、to church C. it sings in the forest D. it reaches into bees nests63. What can be the best title for the text? A. Wild Bees B. Wax and Honey C. Beekeeping in Africa D. HoneyLovers Helper【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了honeylovers helper獨(dú)特的掠食方式，它幫助人和動物找到蜂蜜，待到他們吃掉蜂蜜后，它再吃蜂蠟。科學(xué)家們對此也感到迷惑不解。60. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段 “Often,

41、these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them.”可知B正確。61. C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段“In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helpera little bird called a honey guide.”可推知：跟在honey guide后面的是people and animals，而他們統(tǒng)稱為honey seeker(尋找蜂蜜的人或動物們)

42、。62. A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it.”科學(xué)家們都不知道為什么honey guide對蜂蠟感興趣，當(dāng)然它們獲得蜂蠟的方式也更加特別。63. D標(biāo)題歸納題。文章通篇都在敘述有關(guān)honeylovers helper的事情，第一段通過敘述引出honeylovers helper這一中心詞；第二段敘述honeylovers helper獲取蜂蠟的過程；第三段科學(xué)家們對

43、honeylovers helper的掠食方式感到迷惑。C22012課標(biāo)全國卷 CAbout twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a filmstudio (影棚) to take part in a crowdscene. Although our “act” would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things. We all stood at the far end of the s

44、tudio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big moviecamera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was h

45、ot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in “snow”. Two more fans were turned on, and a “strong wind” blew through the tree

46、s. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold. The next scene was a complete contrast (對比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual.Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were

47、at the waters edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio! Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the

48、excitement of being film “stars”！64. Who is the author? A. A cameraman. B. A film director. C. A crowdscene actor. D. A workman for scene setting.65. What made the author feel cold? A. The heavy snowfall. B. The manmade scene. C. The low temperature. D. The film being shown.66. What would happen in

49、the “three minutes” mentioned in the last paragraph? A. A new scene would be filmed. B. More stars would act in the film. C. The author would leave the studio. D. The next scene would be prepared.【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述自己作為群眾演員的一次經(jīng)歷。64. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的第一段“About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to re

50、ceive invitations to a filmstudio(影棚)to take part in a crowdscene. Although our act would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.”可知作者是群眾演員。所以C正確。65. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in sn

51、ow. Two more fans were turned on, and a strong wind blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.”可知這里的picture即是the manmade scene。66. A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film stars！”可知A正確。C52012課標(biāo)全國卷

52、 D Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still

53、ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of over

54、learning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continu

55、e to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables (乘法口訣表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn i

56、n school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突擊學(xué)習(xí)) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough

57、to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for ones future development.67What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? APeople remember well what they learned in childhood. BChildren have a better

58、memory than grownups. CPoem reading is a good way to learn words. DStories for children are easy to remember.68The author explains the law of overlearning by_ Apresenting research findings Bsetting down general rules Cmaking a comparison Dusing examples69According to the author, being able to use mu

59、ltiplication tables is _ Aa result of overlearning Ba special case of cramming Ca skill to deal with math problems Da basic step towards advanced studies70What is the authors opinion on cramming? AIt leads to failure in college exams. BIts helpful only in a limited way. CIts possible to result in po

60、or memory. DIt increases students learning interest.【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇議論文。成年人常常驚嘆他們能很好地記著兒時(shí)學(xué)過的東西。作者認(rèn)為這是兒時(shí)過度學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，是因?yàn)楫?dāng)我們兒時(shí)學(xué)會一樣?xùn)|西的時(shí)候，我們不是就此停止，而是繼續(xù)練習(xí)，才使我們記憶深刻。文章用例證法說明了“過度學(xué)習(xí)”的概念。 最后作者談到了“過度學(xué)習(xí)”的好處和“突擊學(xué)習(xí)”的弊端。67. A段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.”可知，文章講的是成年人常常驚嘆他們非常好地記著兒時(shí)學(xué)過的東西。C、D斷章取義，講得太具體，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槟鞘沁^度學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，不是兒時(shí)記憶力好。所以A正確。68. D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容可知：作者采用了舉例子的說明方法。比如：“practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long af