九年級(jí)Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.的語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

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1、【精品文檔】如有侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流 九年級(jí)Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.的語法知識(shí)點(diǎn) .....精品文檔...... Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 1. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)：英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)（the Active Voice）和被動(dòng)語態(tài)（the Passive Voice）。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。 Ⅰ.被

2、動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，以下為幾種常用時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語＋am / is / are （not）＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞 一般過去時(shí)：主語＋was / were ＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞 一般將來時(shí)：主語＋will ＋be ＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞/ 主語+be動(dòng)詞+going to +be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主語＋have / has ＋been ＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語＋is / am / are + b

3、eing ＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞 習(xí)題：（ ）1.A wild animal zoo is going to__________in our city. A.be built B.built C.build D.be building （ ）2.A lot of trees_________on the hill yesterday. A.are planted B.will be planted C.have been planted D.were planted

4、 ( ) 3.Half of the work________by now. A.has finished B.has been finished C.have been finished ( ) 4.He likes reading very much. Most of his money_______on books. A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.are spent Ⅱ.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法：1.不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行

5、者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 Eg: His new car was stolen. 他的新車被偷了。（誰偷的，不知道） Letters are collected from his postbox at 7:30 every morning.每天早晨七點(diǎn)半有人來收他郵筒里的信。（主要說明每天七點(diǎn)半從郵筒里收信，至于是誰來收，沒必要說明） 2.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者而不是執(zhí)行者。English is spoken in Canada. Ⅲ.主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法：（1）主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。 （2）主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤癰e + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”形式

6、。 （3）主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變成介詞by的賓語，放在動(dòng)詞的后面，有時(shí)課省略。 Eg: Many people speak English.→ English is spoken by many people. Ⅳ.注意事項(xiàng)：1.帶雙賓語的句子變被動(dòng)語態(tài)可以把間接賓語變主語，保留直接賓語：也可以把直接賓語變主語，保留間接賓語，間接賓語前要加介詞to或for. Eg:He gives me a pen.→ I am given a pen.或A pen is given to me. 2. 在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，有些動(dòng)詞（feel , hear , listen , have , mak

7、e , let , look , watch , see , notice ）后面可接不帶to的不定式，但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)必須加to. Eg: We saw Tom enter the office.→ Tom was seen to enter the office. 3. 有些動(dòng)詞常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。如系動(dòng)詞feel,smell,sound,taste,write,sell等動(dòng)詞。 Eg: The pen writes well.這支鋼筆很好寫 習(xí)題：（ ）1. In the past the children were made_________15 hours a day.

8、 A.to lock B.work C. to work D. lock ( ) 2.The old men in China__________________________. A.is taking good care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care 2.allow 動(dòng)詞，意為“允許，準(zhǔn)許”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：①allow sb to do sth 允許某人做

9、某事 ②allow doing sth.允許做某事 ③be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事 （ ）People who drink wine _______ to drive after May Day. A. don’t allow B.isn’t allowed C.mustn’t allow D.mustn’t be allowed 3.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 應(yīng)該允許十六歲的青少年打耳洞。get their ears pie

10、rced意為“打耳洞”，此處get用作使役動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于make或have，意為“使；讓”。“get/ have +賓語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“使某事被做”或“讓某人做某事”。其中過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作往往是哦別人做的，與句中的主語無關(guān)。 Eg:你打算什么時(shí)候去理發(fā)？___________________________________________________ 4.I don’t think Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許16歲的青少年開車。若賓語從句跟在think, believe, suppose,

11、 expect等表示“想，認(rèn)為”的動(dòng)詞之后，而且主句的主語又是第一人稱時(shí)，句子的否定體現(xiàn)在主句中，這叫否定前移。 Eg: 我認(rèn)為那不是一個(gè)好主意。____________________________________________ 他認(rèn)為那不是一個(gè)好主意。____________________________________________ 5．Stop 動(dòng)詞，表示“停止，阻止”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：①stop doing sth. 指停止正在做的事情 ②stop to do sth 指停下手頭所做的事情，去做另一件事 ③stop sb from doing s

12、th. 阻止某人做某事④can’t stop doing sth 忍不住做某事 1. 他停下來看了看那個(gè)男孩。________________________________________________ 2. 聽到那件事，我忍不住大笑起來。___________________________________________ 6.He doesn’t seem to have many friends. 他好像沒有很多朋友。Seem 意為“好像；似乎”： ①It seems that + 從句（從句部分用陳述語氣）eg: 看起來要下雨了。 ②It seems like…意

13、為“似乎……；好像……”，后接名詞。 ③seem to be +形容詞/名詞 ④seem to do sth 好像做某事 This man seems＿＿＿＿＿＿a boss. A. be B. to be C. be to D. to 7.I disagree. They talk instead of doing homework. 我不同意。他們聊天而不做作業(yè)。 ⑴disagree 不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“不同意，不贊同”，其反義詞是agree，一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。若指與某人意見不一致，后接介詞with；若

14、指在某一方面意見不一致，后接介詞about/on. Eg: 我不同意你的意見。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 我們不同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃。________________________________________________________ ⑵instead of 是介詞短語，意為“代替，而不是”，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，位于句中。 Instead 副詞，置于句首或句末。 Eg: 她沒有打籃球，而是去游泳了。___________________________________________ _______________

15、________________________________________________________ 8.They aren’t serious enough at that age. 他們?cè)谀膫€(gè)年齡不夠謹(jǐn)慎。 Enough 副詞，意為“足夠地”，修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，放在形容詞或副詞之后，還可以作形容詞，意為“足夠的”，修飾名詞時(shí)，放在名詞之前。 -----Does the child need any help? -----No.She is __________to dress herself. A.enough old B.young en

16、ough C.old enough 9.So do we. 我們（家）也有。該句是一個(gè)倒裝句。以so,neither/nor引起的倒裝句有： ⑴So +be 動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語，表示肯定，意為“某人/物也……”,用于后者與前者情況一樣，前后兩句主語不是同一人，主謂倒裝。 Neither/ Nor +be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語，表示否定，意為“某人/物也不……”. ⑵So +主語+be 動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示肯定，意為“某人/物確實(shí)如此”,用于后者贊同前者的說法，前后兩句主語是同一人，主謂不倒裝。 Neither/ Nor +主

17、語+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示否定，意為“某人/物的確不…”. Eg: She likes apples;so _________ I. A. am B. do C.is D. does 10.Parents should not be too strict with teenagers. 父母不應(yīng)該對(duì)青少年要求太嚴(yán)格。 Strict 形容詞，意為“嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的”；be strict with sb. 意為“對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格”，“對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格則用be strict in sth. Eg: My teach

18、er is very strict _________ his child and _____ his work he does. A. with;with B.with;in C.in;in D.in; with 11. be good for 對(duì)…有好處/益處，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。其反義詞組是be bad for...... Eg: 牛奶對(duì)孩子有好處。__________________________________________________ Be good to 意為“對(duì)。。。。。。和藹/友善”，

19、eg: 她對(duì)我們很好。 Be good at 意為：在某方面很擅長(zhǎng) eg: 她擅長(zhǎng)英語。 12. have an opportunity to do sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事，同義詞組有have a chance to do sth., 也 可以表達(dá)為have an opportunity/ a chance of doing sth. Eg: 我希望有機(jī)會(huì)去美國(guó)。 13.I would like to reply to the article “Helping and Learning” in your last newsletter. 我想答復(fù)你上次簡(jiǎn)報(bào)中的“幫助和學(xué)習(xí)

20、“這篇文章。 reply 動(dòng)詞，意為”回答，答復(fù)“，做不及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語常用 reply to sb/ sth.,做及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)后可接從句。 Nobody would like to ________ this article. A. reply to B. reply at C. reply for D. reply 14.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions? 應(yīng)該允許我自己做決定嗎？ Make one’s own decision 意為“某人自己做決定“，相當(dāng)于make d

21、ecisions for oneself. Eg:應(yīng)該允許青少年自己做決定。 15. Sometimes the hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork. 但有時(shí)這些愛好會(huì)妨礙學(xué)習(xí)。 get in the way of …… “妨礙…….”，也可以用be in the way 表示。 Eg: 玩電腦游戲會(huì)妨礙她的學(xué)習(xí)。 16. But I’m serious about running. 但對(duì)于賽跑我是認(rèn)真的。 be serious about…… 意為“對(duì)……是認(rèn)真的”，其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式。 Eg:

22、她認(rèn)真面對(duì)未來。 17. Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有這樣我才有實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的機(jī)會(huì)。 本句是“only+ 狀語”引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。即：only+ 狀語+ 助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主句。在句首的only后面如果跟了副詞、介詞短語或從句等狀語，則主句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果only后跟的是主語，則不用倒裝。 Eg: 只有這樣你才能學(xué)好英語。________________________________________________ 只有三個(gè)人在車禍中受傷。 練習(xí)題：一. 選擇題: 1

23、. Loud music may make people ____ fast. A. to eat B. eat C. eated D. eats 2. I want ____ whether he’s all right. A. to know B. know C．　knowing D. Knows 3.Her teacher was annoyed ____ Tom because he made a lot of mistakes in the English Test Paper. A. at B. with C. in

24、D. for 4.Don’t forget _____ the tap when you don’t use it. A. turn off B. turn on C. to turn on D. to turn off 5. The children were made ____ homework first. A. do B. to do C. did D. doing 6. Don’t worry about her，Madam. Your daughter is ____ danger now. A. in B. out

25、 C. out of D. at 7 I can’t wait ____ the present box. A. open B. to open C. opening D.opened 二．同義句裝換（每空一詞）： 1. I like watching sports games. Tony likes watching sports games as well. I like watching sports games, ________ ___________ Tony. 2. My mother often makes me do my hom

26、ework after supper. I am often _______ ________ _________ my homework after supper. 3.Could you please answer me quickly? Could you please ________ _________ me quickly? 4. It took him two hours to finish reading the novel. He ________ two hours ___________ reading the novel. 5. We

27、 can rest for 7 days in October. We will _________ ________ __________ ___________ in October. 三．翻譯下列句子： 1. 在動(dòng)物園，游客不允許給動(dòng)物喂食。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 每一個(gè)人在一晚上都需要至少八小時(shí)的睡眠。 _____________________________________________________

28、______________________ 3. 那里的人說什么她都不在乎。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 壞習(xí)慣會(huì)妨礙你的生活。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. 只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。 ____________________________________________________________________________