2021版新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)提能練43-44 北師大版

課時(shí)提能練43-44課時(shí)提能練(四十三)選修8Unit 22Environmental Protection(A)課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.單句語(yǔ)法填空1What on earth led you to_change (change) your mind at last?2The mother sacrificed many things to_get (get) her daughter a good education.3Given (give) another hour，I can also work out the problem.4Having suffered a lot from wars，people in that area call for an end to wars eagerly.5Increased production will，in turn，lead to increased profits.單句改錯(cuò)1Only by this mean can we master English.meanmeans2Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat with navigation.withto3We must obey the principle all men are innocent until they are proved guilty.principle后加that4The policeman seized the thief by his arm immediately.histhe5Having trapped in the traffic jam for hours，he became impatient.Having后加been.選詞成篇Ain turn，beyond one's control，result in，look ahead，take action，a number of，or elseHumans have damaged the environment in 1.a_number_of aspects，which 2.in_turn has influenced our life.Besides this，it is 3.beyond_our_control.I think we humans should be responsible for it.4.Looking_ahead，it is time for us to 5.take_action；6.or_else，it would 7.result_in greater damage.BWith more and more factories built in my hometown，a lot of agricultural land has been 8.carried_off，which has 9.led_to a rise in product prices.10.Apart_from this，the air and rivers have been heavily polluted.Obviously，the factories should 11.answer_for the consequences.So 12.on_behalf_of the villagers' benefit，the local government has decided to 13.call_for_an_end_to the factories' illegal behaviors.完成句子1Given_her_interest_in_children(考慮到她對(duì)孩子的興趣)，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her.2The girl always refers_to_the_reference_books_as (把她的參考書(shū)稱(chēng)作)her good friends and helpers.3Your explanation has led_me_to_a_clear_understanding_of_it(使我清楚地了解了此事)4It_is_our_turn_to (輪到我們?nèi)?look after our families since we have grown up.5My mother encouraged me and insisted that I (should)_continue_my_ education(繼續(xù)我的教育)課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019·長(zhǎng)春市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)一)Pangolins(穿山甲) are strange­looking creatures，covered with hard scales(鱗)They can roll up into a ball to protect themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies.Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people.A screenshot of a microblog post showing some people eating pangolins at a feast spread.A few days later，people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals，including pangolins.Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg.Many more pangolins have been hunted or killed.According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)，more than 1 million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years.It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world.In September 2016，the IUCN added the pangolin to the world's “endangered animals list”They are now more endangered than pandas.A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main reason for their decline in number.Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious.Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities.However，their scales are made of keratin(角蛋白)，the same material human fingernails are made of.Luckily，the situation is getting better.World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year.It's a day to help people know more about pangolins.The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China.Breaking this law is regarded as a crime，and the trade of pangolins across the world is also not allowed，according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文闡述了穿山甲瀕臨滅絕的現(xiàn)狀，以及為保護(hù)穿山甲而采取的舉措。1Pangolins have caught people's attention these years because _.Athey look strangeBthey appear in some moviesCthey are killed and eaten by peopleDthey have something to do with pandasC細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“attention”和“these years”，我們把答案定位在第二段。該段開(kāi)頭說(shuō)，穿山甲近來(lái)成為中國(guó)人關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)，然后提到一張屏幕截圖和一些圖片里，穿山甲成為人們的盤(pán)中珍饈，這與C項(xiàng)的描述是一致的。2What can we learn from the passage?APangolins can roll up into a ball to attack enemies.BMore than 1 million pangolins were killed or sold last year.CPangolins were named the most endangered animal in 2016.DThe pangolin is a kind of mammals.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，尤其是“they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world”可知，穿山甲是一種哺乳動(dòng)物。故選D項(xiàng)。3The real aim of World Pangolin Day may be to _.Aattract people to the zoo to watch pangolinsBlift people's awareness of protecting pangolinsCremind people of pangolins' medical valueDexplain the law to peopleB推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的“World Pangolin Day”，我們把答案定位在最后一段。該段主要陳述為保護(hù)穿山甲而采取的舉措，而這個(gè)節(jié)日能讓人們更多地了解穿山甲，從而提高人們保護(hù)穿山甲的意識(shí)，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。4What might be the author's attitude towards the measures taken to protect pangolins?APositive.BNegative.CDisappointed.DUnconcerned.A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，中國(guó)政府禁止任何人購(gòu)買(mǎi)和食用穿山甲，世界各地也禁止買(mǎi)賣(mài)穿山甲，局面正在好轉(zhuǎn)，由此可推知作者覺(jué)得這些措施是有效的，因此選A。B(2019·江西省三名校聯(lián)考)When I was three years old，I couldn't speak.It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand.One day，I was shadowing(尾隨) my mother.She found herself looking in a mirror，and through it our eyes met.She began to speak to me through the reflection，and I slowly began to mimic(模仿) her mouth's movements until I formed a word.It turned out that I'm deaf in my left ear，and have a slight problem in my right.Being hard of hearing has been difficult，but I've never lived in a state of self­hating sorrow.Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side.That's my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”，and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.People call my deaf side my “bad ear”， but when I wear my hearing aid，I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don't.In cinemas，for example，with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.Owning a hearing aid hasn't always felt good，however.On the first day I got my aid，when I was eight，I took it to school for show and tell.As I explained how it worked to my classmates，a boy yelled out，“Aren't those for old men？” At that moment，I felt different.It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers.But it's not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hard­of­hearing people feel like burdens.Every video on social media that lacks subtitles(字幕)，for example，means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it.Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too，as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.And with hearing aids costing around $2,500 each，it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to things that others take for granted.As for me，I can listen to music，enjoy films，and catch conversationsI'm lucky.I'm deaf，but I can still hear everything.I've been blessed with wonderful life experiences，and I am human.And when it comes to sleeping，I'm even superhuman.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講述了作者積極應(yīng)對(duì)自己聽(tīng)力障礙的勵(lì)志故事。5How does the author view his hearing difficulty?AIt's a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble.BIt gave him a chance to experience something special.CIt made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates.DIt helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)對(duì)第三段的整體理解，尤其是最后一句“That's my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.”可推知，聽(tīng)力障礙讓作者有了與眾不同的體驗(yàn)，與最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“I've been blessed with wonderful life experiences，and I am human.”呼應(yīng)，故選B。6What can be inferred from the passage about the author?AHe was born deaf.BHe is optimistic and helpful.CHis family and classmates have supported him a lot.DThe hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“People call my deaf side my bad ear， but when I wear my hearing aid，I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don't.”和對(duì)本段的整體理解可推知，助聽(tīng)器給作者的生活帶來(lái)了諸多便利，故選D。7What is the author's attitude toward his life?AGrateful.BAnxious.CExcited.DDisappointed.A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“As for me，I can listen to music，enjoy films，and catch conversationsI'm lucky.”和第四句“I've been blessed with wonderful life experiences，and I am human.”可推知，作者對(duì)自己的生活充滿(mǎn)感激之情，故選A。8What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?ATo give advice on life to disabled people.BTo show how difficult life is for disabled people.CTo share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude.DTo show the convenience a hearing aid could bring.C寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)對(duì)全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講述了作者積極應(yīng)對(duì)聽(tīng)力障礙的勵(lì)志故事，故選C。.閱讀七選五(2019·合肥市第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Apologizing the Right Way to a FiendWhy are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be the most difficult thing you do.But we all make mistakes，so you'll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize.Perhaps you had blew up at someone and realized later you reacted poorly._1_.Whatever the reason，apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation._2_.First，you acknowledge that you did something wrong.With an apology，you take responsibility for your actions，which allows your friend to forgive you.Second，an apology gives your sincerity as a friend._3_， but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize.Now，what are elements of a proper apology? _4_， depending on what the offense was，where it was done，and who you are apologizing to.In general，a good apology should include the following：a request for their attention，an acknowledgment of what happened，sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words “I'm sorry” or “I apologize”Here are things never to say when apologizing.Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility.Never apologize as a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don't think you did._5_， you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across.You'll really need to self­reflect so you can see things from your friend's point of view.AWhen you make your apology in personBIf you really believe you did nothing wrongCApologies benefit friendships in a variety of waysDThe way you apologize is going to be slightly differentEOr maybe you just didn't show support when you needed toFApologizing the right way，however，may take a little practiceGSometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了向朋友道歉的正確方法。1E根據(jù)空后的“Whatever the reason”可知，空處與空前一句講的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以選項(xiàng)E與語(yǔ)境相符，且選項(xiàng)E中的“maybe”與空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼應(yīng)，故選E。2C空處位于段落句首主題句的位置；通讀該段可知，該段主要講的是道歉對(duì)友誼的好處，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。3G根據(jù)空后的“but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize”可知，G項(xiàng)“有時(shí)我們的朋友輕易地就原諒了我們犯的小錯(cuò)誤”符合語(yǔ)境。4D根據(jù)空后的“depending on.who you are apologizing to”可知，D項(xiàng)“你道歉的方法要稍微不同”與之銜接自然，故選D項(xiàng)。5B根據(jù)空后的“you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across”可知，B項(xiàng)“如果你確實(shí)認(rèn)為你沒(méi)做錯(cuò)什么”與之聯(lián)系緊密，故選B項(xiàng)。.語(yǔ)法填空(2019·昆明市摸底調(diào)研)Lions tigers and other animals are staying awake at night 1._(avoid) human beings，a new study finds.Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature.Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away 2._ people.By being awake at night，animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time 3._(look) for food.The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can 4._(fright) animals and cause them to become more active at night. 5._ had been studied were lions in Tanzania，tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared 6._(careful) how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities，such as hunting and farming.7._ was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in night­time activities，even in creatures that usually sleep at night.Results 8._(publish) in the journal Science two months ago.The new findings are 9._(usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail before.Ecologist Marlee Tucker was 10._(surprise) that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】人類(lèi)活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致許多動(dòng)物在夜間保持清醒以保持警惕狀態(tài)。1to avoid考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。獅子、老虎以及其他的動(dòng)物在夜間保持清醒旨在避開(kāi)人類(lèi)。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。2from考查固定搭配。keep away from.“遠(yuǎn)離”，為固定搭配。3looking考查固定用法。spend time doing sth.“花時(shí)間做某事”為固定用法。4frighten考查動(dòng)詞。最新研究表明，即使像務(wù)農(nóng)和野營(yíng)這樣的活動(dòng)也會(huì)驚嚇到動(dòng)物，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致它們夜間變得更加活躍。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形，故應(yīng)用名詞fright的動(dòng)詞形式frighten。5What考查主語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且缺少主語(yǔ)，故用what，意為“的事物”。6carefully考查副詞。修飾句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞compared應(yīng)使用副詞。7It考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，去掉was和that之后，句子表意完整，故該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其他成分”。8were published考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞publish和句子的主語(yǔ)Results是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)two months ago可知，描述的是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。9unusual考查形容詞。先前沒(méi)人對(duì)此進(jìn)行過(guò)如此詳細(xì)的研究，所以這些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)顯得不同尋常。10surprised考查形容詞。此處為過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)Marlee Tucker的狀態(tài)，故用形容詞surprised。.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(2019·成都市第二次診斷性檢測(cè))Last year，my friend and I went to visit the Yellow Mountain.We carried two backpacks，that turned out to be pretty heavier for the hike.I am not an experiencing hiker and those endless steps make me want to return to the safe and comfortable ground.But my friend encouraged me great.“Look，the top is coming closer and closer.We are almost there.”I pulled me together and kept going.After three­hour exhausting hike to the top，but with wonderful sceneries on the way，we got to the top finally.For our pleasure，we also found a hotel that looked very much inviting.答案Last year，my friend and I went to visit the Yellow Mountain.We carried two backpacks， turned out to be pretty for the hike.I am not an hiker and those endless steps me want to return to the safe and comfortable ground.But my friend encouraged me .“Look，the top is coming closer and closer.We are almost there.” I pulled together and kept going.After three­hour exhausting hike to the top，but with wonderful on the way，we got to the top finally. our pleasure，we also found a hotel that looked very muchinviting.課時(shí)提能練(四十四)選修8Unit 22Environmental Protection(B)課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.單句語(yǔ)法填空1If you stick to that，you shall answer for the consequences.2It is said that he is the only one of the students that was_praised (praise) at the meeting.3It's considerate (consider) of the witness to warm the plate before she serves the food.4His nationality isn't relevant to whether he's a good teacher.5The book referred (refer) to last time has been sold out.單句改錯(cuò)6The newer will be the substitute with me as your English teacher.withfor7Pupils should be helped to adapt a positive approach to the environment. adaptadopt8They advocate that everyone lives a low carbon life.liveslive9“It's such a nice place，”Mother said as she sat at the table serving for customers.servingserved10In the past few years thousands of films have produced all over the world. have后加been.完成句子1從各方面來(lái)說(shuō)，那都是極大的成功。All_in_all it had been a great success.2你往遠(yuǎn)處看，便可以看見(jiàn)村莊里的燈光。Look_ahead in the distance，and you can see the lights of the village.3我們得采取行動(dòng)來(lái)制止他們。We have to take_action_to_stop them.4他除了臉部和雙手受傷以外，兩條腿也斷了。Apart_from the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.5保羅的母親因?yàn)樽约簾o(wú)力撫養(yǎng)他，便將他送給別人收養(yǎng)了。Paul's mother had_him_adopted because she couldn't look after him herself.課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019·太原階段測(cè)試)Diamonds are considered the most famous and valuable jewel in the world.The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth.Diamonds are made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure.When a volcano is active，it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns.However，at the same time of such a disaster，diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth by a number of great volcanic explosions millions of years ago.Thus，it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcanic eruption. Besides，diamonds are also found among the sandy sandstone of certain river beds，and in a few places on the sea floor，for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain.Diamonds are very rare.There are not many places that produce such precious things in the world.During the last century adventurers from Europe went to Brazil，because they had heard that there were diamonds in the Amazon River.Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests.But some returned home rich.The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The_most_recent_and_exciting_discoveries_have_been_made_in_eastern_Russia.But most of the world's diamonds now come from the Congo，from Tanzania，and also from South Africawhich has the largest diamond mines in the world.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了鉆石的來(lái)源和產(chǎn)地。1What do we know about diamonds according to the passage?ADiamonds are always accompanied by volcanic eruptions.BDiamonds are created by volcanic eruptions.CDiamonds are considered as a sign of wealth.DDiamonds could be always found in a few riverbanks.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth.”可知，鉆石被認(rèn)為是財(cái)富的象征。2Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds?AThe Congo.BSouth Africa.CIndia.DWestern Europe.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三、四兩段對(duì)鉆石產(chǎn)地的介紹可知，西歐并不在有名的鉆石產(chǎn)地之列。3What can we know from the third paragraph?ADiamond mining can be dangerous for the miners.BBrazil plays a more important role in diamond mining.CThe Amazon River has no large diamond mines nowadays.DMany miners returned home due to the risks in diamond mining.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests.”可知，開(kāi)采鉆石對(duì)采礦者來(lái)說(shuō)有可能是危險(xiǎn)的，故A項(xiàng)正確。4What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?AEastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long time.BThe diamond deposit in eastern Russia wasn't discovered until recently.CEastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond mining.DThe eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining.B句意理解題。畫(huà)線句前一句提到已知的最早的鉆石在印度被發(fā)現(xiàn)，后一句提到現(xiàn)在大部分鉆石來(lái)源于剛果民主共和國(guó)、坦桑尼亞和南非。由此可推知，畫(huà)線句講的應(yīng)是最近在俄羅斯東部發(fā)現(xiàn)了鉆石，故B項(xiàng)“直到最近人們才在俄羅斯東部發(fā)現(xiàn)鉆石礦床”正確。B(2019·成都第一次診斷)Food blogs，celebrities，and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic(有機(jī)的) fruits and vegetables.But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture.While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and，in some ways，more sustainable to grow，there are also downsides.Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones.To get a certificate as organic，farmers must meet specific criteria，including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs.Without these methods，the growing process typically requires more labor，time，and money，a cost that is passed down to consumers.It's true that in many ways，organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming.But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss，the comparison gets complex.Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre.However，because they are barred from using genetic engineering，pesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑)，and other methods that increase efficiency(效率)，organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms.While there isn't a whole lot of research on the topic，the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms，on a per unit basis，says stu