（天津?qū)Ｓ茫?019高考英語(yǔ)二輪增分策略 專(zhuān)題一 語(yǔ)法知識(shí) 第12講 介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)優(yōu)選習(xí)題

第12講介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)1.Chinas soft power grows the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.(2018·江蘇，33)A.in line with B.in reply toC.in return for D.in honour of答案A解析句意為：中國(guó)的軟實(shí)力在增長(zhǎng)，這與中國(guó)在全球范圍內(nèi)得到越來(lái)越多的欣賞和理解是一致的。in line with意為“與一致”，符合語(yǔ)境。in reply to回復(fù)，答復(fù)；in return for作為對(duì)的回報(bào)；in honour of為了向表示尊敬。2.Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report，but he went .(2018·天津，11)A.at first B.after allC.above all D.at random答案B解析句意為：鮑勃以為他不能去參加聚會(huì)了，因?yàn)樗脤?xiě)一份報(bào)告，但他最終還是去了。after all意為“畢竟，最終，終究”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。at first起初，最初；above all首先，最重要的是；at random任意地，漫無(wú)目的地。3.Good morning，Mr Lees office.Good morning.Id like to make an appointment next Wednesday afternoon.(2018·北京，14)A.for B.on C.in D.at答案A解析“make an appointment for時(shí)間”表示“約某個(gè)時(shí)間見(jiàn)面或?qū)δ硞€(gè)時(shí)間做出預(yù)約安排”。本句中的make an appointment for next Wednesday afternoon的意思是“約定下周三下午見(jiàn)面”。此題很容易誤選B項(xiàng)，表示具體的某一天的上午、下午、晚上時(shí)，前面的介詞用on，但是B項(xiàng)表示“在某個(gè)時(shí)間做或者發(fā)生某件具體的事情”。句意為：早上好，這里是李先生的辦公室。早上好。我想約下周三下午(和李先生)見(jiàn)個(gè)面。4.Determining where we are our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.(2017·江蘇，32)A.in contrast to B.in defense ofC.in face of D.in relation to答案D解析句意為：通過(guò)對(duì)比我們周?chē)沫h(huán)境來(lái)確定我們的位置是我們生存的一項(xiàng)重要技能。結(jié)合句意可知，這里用in relation to“相對(duì)某事物而言”。in contrast to與相比；in defense of保衛(wèi)，為辯護(hù)；in face of面對(duì)。5.When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California，you will be trees that are over 1,000 years old.(2017·天津，12)A.among B.againstC.behind D.below答案A解析句意為：當(dāng)你駕車(chē)穿過(guò)加利福尼亞的紅杉林時(shí)，你會(huì)置身在那些樹(shù)齡超過(guò)1 000年的樹(shù)木之間。among在當(dāng)中，為所圍繞，符合語(yǔ)境。against以為背景，襯托；behind在后面；below在下面。6.We offer an excellent education to our students. ，we expect students to work hard.(2017·天津，13)A.On average B.At bestC.In return D.After all答案C解析句意為：我們向?qū)W生提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育，同時(shí)也希望學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)。in return作為報(bào)酬，作為回報(bào)，符合語(yǔ)境。on average平均來(lái)看；at best充其量，至多；after all畢竟，終究。7.Many people who live along the coast make a living fishing industry.(2017·北京，35)A.at B.inC.on D.by答案B解析句意為：很多住在海邊的人們靠漁業(yè)為生?！霸谛袠I(yè)”用介詞in。此題容易忽視fishing后的名詞industry，以為是靠捕魚(yú)這種方式而錯(cuò)選D項(xiàng)。8.The dictionary is ：many words have been added to the language since it was published.(2016·天津，2)A.out of control B.out of dateC.out of sight D.out of reach答案B解析考查“out of名詞”型介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：這部詞典過(guò)時(shí)了：自從它出版以來(lái)，這門(mén)語(yǔ)言已增添了許多單詞。out of date過(guò)時(shí)，符合語(yǔ)境。out of control失控；out of sight看不見(jiàn)；out of reach夠不著。9.Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around Thomas Edison.(2015·江蘇，34)A.thanks to B.regardless ofC.aside from D.but for答案D解析句意為：如果沒(méi)有托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生的話，我們現(xiàn)在所受益的許多東西是不會(huì)出現(xiàn)的。thanks to幸虧，由于；regardless of不管，不顧；aside from除了，除以外；but for要不是，如果沒(méi)有的話。由句意知選D項(xiàng)。診斷報(bào)告考向?qū)?yīng)題號(hào)我的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)1常見(jiàn)介詞的用法3,5,72介詞短語(yǔ)辨析1,2,4,6,8,9解題方法1.漢語(yǔ)對(duì)照法在高考試題中，考查的介詞有一大部分是表示方位、范圍的，這就涉及到一些表示方位的介詞，這時(shí)可以根據(jù)其漢語(yǔ)意思來(lái)解答此類(lèi)試題。2.固定短語(yǔ)法關(guān)于介詞的固定搭配，在解答試題時(shí)，要注意從句子中找出中心詞匯，也就是這個(gè)詞和選項(xiàng)中的詞能夠構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定搭配，符合句子意思，這樣問(wèn)題就會(huì)很快被解決。如第7題。3.利用置入法解決介詞短語(yǔ)的相關(guān)題目關(guān)于介詞短語(yǔ)的相關(guān)題目，一般采用將介詞短語(yǔ)置入句子，并進(jìn)行逐一翻譯的方法。解決此類(lèi)題目的關(guān)鍵就是平時(shí)多積累相關(guān)知識(shí)，然后讀懂題干的含義?？键c(diǎn)1語(yǔ)境詞義辨析1.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.(2016·浙江，7)A.on B.in C.at D.about答案B解析句意為：該項(xiàng)研究表明，我們成長(zhǎng)的文化環(huán)境會(huì)影響我們看我們周?chē)氖澜绲幕具^(guò)程。in the cultures在的文化中，為固定搭配，故選B。2.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea？(2015·浙江，3)A.about B.to C.with D.over答案B解析句意為：你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)是海陸兩棲動(dòng)物棲息地的樹(shù)嗎？be home to為固定搭配，意為“是的棲息地，是的家園”?？键c(diǎn)歸納常用介詞如in，on，for，with，against，of，beyond，out of，across等含義較多，應(yīng)全面掌握。(1)against有“違背，違逆；反對(duì)；對(duì)不利；倚；靠；碰撞；預(yù)防；襯托”之意。An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看來(lái)意見(jiàn)達(dá)成一致是不可能了，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)委員會(huì)成員都反對(duì)。(2)beyond可表示“范圍，限度”，意為“超出，為所不及”。常用短語(yǔ)：beyond words/description/imagination/belief/ones reach/ones control “無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言形容/無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言描述/難以想象/不能相信/夠不著/管不了”。To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.被選為第一位接受此殊榮的人，我實(shí)在無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的感受。(3)by可表示“程度或增減的幅度”，還可作“按；以計(jì)；依據(jù)”講。As far as I know，workers are generally paid by the month.據(jù)我所知，工人們的工資通常按月來(lái)付。(4)for有“就而言；從來(lái)看；達(dá)，計(jì)；為”之意。The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.我們大多數(shù)人最關(guān)心的是大眾教育的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題。(5)off有“在離不遠(yuǎn)處；在沿海的海面”之意。The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place off the main road at the far end of the lake.威爾旅館坐落于湖盡頭的主干道附近一個(gè)非常安靜的地方。(6)across有“橫跨”之意。It can run across water for a distance of several meters，avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the waters surface with its feet.它可以在水面上跑數(shù)米的距離，通過(guò)用腳快速拍打水面避免弄濕全身。(7)on/upon有“剛就；一就”之意，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。Upon hearing the funny story，everyone burst into laughter.一聽(tīng)到這個(gè)滑稽的故事，大家都哈哈大笑起來(lái)。(8)over可表示時(shí)間，意為“在期間；直到結(jié)束”。Im sorry I didnt phone you，but Ive been very busy over the past couple of weeks.很抱歉我沒(méi)有給您打電話，但是在過(guò)去的兩周里我一直很忙。考點(diǎn)2介詞短語(yǔ)辨析1.That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help. ，hes reliable.(2016·浙江，6)A.Or else B.In shortC.By the way D.For one thing答案B解析句意為：那個(gè)年輕人誠(chéng)實(shí)而且善于合作，總是在你需要幫助的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)?？傊?，他是可靠的。or else否則，要不然；in short總之，簡(jiǎn)言之；by the way順便說(shuō)一下；for one thing一方面。 根據(jù)句意可知答案為B。2.This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn you that if you smoked here you would be fined.(2015·湖北，30)A.in advance B.in detailC.in total D.in general答案A解析句意為：這個(gè)會(huì)議室是“無(wú)煙區(qū)”。我想提前提醒你，如果你在這里吸煙，你將會(huì)被罰款。根據(jù)題干中that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可知，說(shuō)話者是在“提前”告訴對(duì)方這一事實(shí)，所以選擇in advance。in detail詳細(xì)地；in total總共；in general一般來(lái)說(shuō)。考點(diǎn)歸納1.幾組常見(jiàn)的介詞短語(yǔ)(1)out of名詞out of question毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；out of the question不可能；out of order次序顛倒；out of sight看不見(jiàn)；out of place不合適；out of pity出于同情；out of curiosity出于好奇(2)in名詞 in power掌權(quán)；in good condition狀態(tài)良好；in despair絕望地；in public/secret公開(kāi)地/秘密地；in tears哭泣；in good/bad repair保養(yǎng)得好/不好；in charge負(fù)責(zé)，掌管；in a hurry 匆忙；in anger生氣；in trouble有困難 (3)in名詞介詞in case of以防萬(wàn)一；in honor of為了紀(jì)念；in favor of支持；in memory of為了紀(jì)念；in charge of負(fù)責(zé)；in terms of從角度；in need of需要；in praise of表?yè)P(yáng)；in view of鑒于；in return for作為對(duì)的回報(bào)；in response to對(duì)的答復(fù)或反應(yīng)(4)under名詞under control受控；under attack遭到攻擊；under way在進(jìn)行中；under discussion在討論；under consideration在討論/考慮中(5)at名詞at work在工作；at play在玩耍；at dinner在吃飯；at ease輕松，自由自在；at war 在打仗 (6)on名詞on fire著火；on purpose故意地；on duty值日；on the phone在打電話；on leave在休假；on holiday在度假；on a walk在散步；on the rise/fall上升/下降；on sale出售；on show/exhibition展出；on business 出差；on ones way to在去的路上；on a visit/trip/tour出行(7)to ones情感名詞to ones surprise令某人驚訝的是；to ones joy使某人高興的是；to ones disappointment令某人失望的是；to ones delight使某人高興的是2.注意下列短語(yǔ)中介詞的用法for nothing不花錢(qián)，免費(fèi)come across the room穿過(guò)房間feel like doing sth. 想要做某事get paid by the week按周獲得報(bào)酬be particular about.對(duì)苛求、挑剔with satisfaction滿(mǎn)意地be second to none不輸于任何人；不比任何東西差on ones own獨(dú)自地in great quantity大量地，大批量in great demand需求量很大take a turn for the better正朝更好的方向發(fā)展keep an eye on照看，照料with the help of在的幫助下under the leadership of在的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下the article in the newspaper報(bào)紙上的文章a bird in the tree樹(shù)上的鳥(niǎo)apples on the tree樹(shù)上的蘋(píng)果tickets for the concert音樂(lè)會(huì)的票in the direction of朝著的方向from the direction of從的方向set an example to sb. 給某人樹(shù)立榜樣3.下列短語(yǔ)中to 為介詞belong to屬于date back to追溯到look forward to盼望；期望be addicted to沉溺于be accustomed to習(xí)慣于be/get used to doing.習(xí)慣于做 be devoted to.致力于 stick to堅(jiān)持1.It is known that theory is based on practice and serves practice.(2018·河北區(qū)二模)A.in need B.in returnC.in turn D.in place答案C解析in need在危難中，在危急中；in return作為報(bào)答/回報(bào)；in turn依次，轉(zhuǎn)而，輪流地，反過(guò)來(lái)；in place在合適的位置，適當(dāng)?shù)摹＞湟鉃椋罕娝苤?，理論以?shí)踐為基礎(chǔ)，反過(guò)來(lái)又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。故選C。2.It was warm and nice that evening.I stayed awake until eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.(2018·河?xùn)|區(qū)一模)A.on average B.on purposeC.on business D.on time答案B解析on average平均起來(lái)；on purpose故意地；on business出差；on time按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)。句意為：為了能親自好好地看一看月亮，我特地(故意地)保持清醒到11點(diǎn)。由句意可知答案選B。3.Bob is kind，hard-working and intelligent； ，I cant speak too highly of him.(2018·河北區(qū)一模)A.as a result B.in a wordC.by the way D.on the contrary答案B解析as a result結(jié)果，因此；in a word總之，一句話；by the way順便說(shuō)一句；on the contrary(與此)相反，正相反。句意為：鮑伯是一個(gè)善良、勤奮并且聰明的人；總之，我再怎么高地評(píng)價(jià)他都不為過(guò)。4.It seems a little ugly to me. ，I think its rather beautiful.(2017·紅橋區(qū)二模)A.In other words B.On the other handC.On the contrary D.In a nutshell答案C解析句意為：這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)有點(diǎn)難看。恰恰相反，我覺(jué)得它相當(dāng)漂亮。on the contrary(與此)相反，正相反，符合句意。in other words換句話說(shuō)；on the other hand另一方面；in a nutshell簡(jiǎn)而言之。5.Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears .(2017·天津十二所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)二模)A.at no time B.at one timeC.in no time D.for the time being答案C解析句意為：只要你招招手，出租車(chē)就會(huì)立即出現(xiàn)。in no time馬上，立即，符合句意。at no time從未；at one time曾經(jīng)，一度；for the time being暫時(shí)。6.Your attitude life determines how happy or unhappy you are.(2017·北京海淀區(qū)一模)A.towards B.withC.on D.for答案A解析句意為：你對(duì)生活的態(tài)度決定你有多快樂(lè)或不快樂(lè)。attitude to/towards對(duì)的態(tài)度。7.With the development of economy，our income has increased 10% in less than a year.(2017·北京海淀區(qū)二模)A.for B.by C.on D.at答案B解析句意為：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，我們的收入在不到一年的時(shí)間里增長(zhǎng)了10%。by表示數(shù)量的增減程度，符合句意。for為了；on在某方面；at(用于速度、比率等)以，達(dá)。8.The debate here will be limited in two main respects， the time available.(2017·和平區(qū)一模)A.in view of B.in return forC.in addition to D.in comparison with答案A解析句意為：鑒于可用的時(shí)間，這里的辯論將限定在兩個(gè)主要方面。in view of鑒于，由于，符合句意。in return for作為對(duì)的回報(bào)；in addition to除之外(還有)；in comparison with與相比較。9.Hopefully，the new method will be effective，helping students to get their career plans .A.at hand B.at willC.on trial D.on track答案D解析句意為：希望這種新方法能有效地幫助學(xué)生們實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃。on track步入正軌，做法對(duì)頭，符合句意。at hand在手邊，在附近；at will任意，隨意；on trial受審，在試驗(yàn)/測(cè)試中。10.Bless your heart，I know you didnt break the vase .Dont cry！(2017·南開(kāi)區(qū)一模)A.on purpose B.by accidentC.on business D.by mistake答案A解析on purpose故意地；by accident偶然地；on business出差；by mistake弄錯(cuò)。由語(yǔ)境“我知道你不是故意的”知A項(xiàng)正確。專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練(十二).單項(xiàng)填空1. the security challenges in the northern part of Nigeria，many Chinese citizens still do business there and have built strong relationships with the locals.(2018·天津一中3月考)A.In spite of B.On account ofC.In case of D.For lack of答案A解析in spite of盡管，雖然；on account of由于，因?yàn)?；in case of萬(wàn)一；for lack of缺乏。句意為：盡管尼日利亞北部面臨著安全挑戰(zhàn)，許多中國(guó)公民仍然在那里做生意，并與當(dāng)?shù)厝私⒘死喂痰年P(guān)系。2. the culture gap and language differences，we still can understand each other through our body languages.(2018·河西區(qū)一模)A.Regarding B.DespiteC.Without D.Considering答案B解析regarding關(guān)于；despite雖然；without沒(méi)有；considering考慮到。句意為：雖然有文化差異和語(yǔ)言差異，但是我們?nèi)钥梢酝ㄟ^(guò)肢體語(yǔ)言理解彼此。3.He is very tired，so he needs some time duty for relaxation and rest.(2017·天津一中5月考)A.through B.on C.with D.off答案D解析在英語(yǔ)中，on/off duty 分別譯為“值日；放工”。句意為：他很累，所以他需要一些下班時(shí)間放松和休息。故選D。4.Some traditional exercise like jogging，swimming and climbing may help people stay .(2017·河西區(qū)二模)A.in place B.in orderC.in fashion D.in shape答案D解析句意為：一些傳統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)，如慢跑、游泳和爬山或許能幫助人們保持健康。in shape處于良好狀態(tài)，健康，符合句意。in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?，?zhǔn)備就緒；in order井然有序；in fashion流行。5.Many of us see reading as an investment in ourselves，so its only natural that we want to learn something useful our effortsA.in view of B.in response toC.in parallel with D.in return for答案D解析句意為：我們?cè)S多人把閱讀看作是對(duì)自己的一種投資，所以我們想學(xué)一些有用的東西來(lái)回報(bào)我們的努力是很自然的。in return for作為對(duì)的回報(bào)，符合句意。in view of鑒于；in response to作為對(duì)的回應(yīng)；in parallel with與平行。6. the consequences of the chemical leaks，the specialists havent given final conclusion before they obtain accurate statistics.(2016·天津五校聯(lián)考)A.With regard to B.As a result ofC.In spite of D.In addition to答案A解析 句意為：關(guān)于化學(xué)泄露所產(chǎn)生的后果，專(zhuān)家在拿到準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)之前，還沒(méi)有給出最后結(jié)論。with regard to關(guān)于；as a result of由于的結(jié)果；in spite of盡管； in addition to除之外。故選A。7.I told you to keep the dog the bed.I dont want dog hair all over the bedspread.A.over B.alongC.towards D.off答案D解析句意為：我告訴過(guò)你讓狗離床遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)。我不想讓床單上到處都是狗毛。keep sb. /sth. off sb. /sth. 使不接近(或不接觸、遠(yuǎn)離)某人/事物。8.The magician picked several persons from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A.by accident B.at randomC.at risk D.on average答案B解析句意為：魔術(shù)師從觀眾中隨意挑選了幾個(gè)人，請(qǐng)他們幫助他進(jìn)行表演。by accident偶然；at random隨便地；at risk冒險(xiǎn)；on average平均。 9.He was born in a Chinese immigrant family who made their living duck farming and fruit trading.(2016·江蘇百校聯(lián)考)A.against B.inC.from D.for答案C解析句意為：他出生在一個(gè)以養(yǎng)鴨場(chǎng)和水果交易為生的華裔移民家庭。make a living from (doing) sth. make a living by (doing) sth. 以(做)某事為生。10.Id like several hundred books like this one.We may be ，but I can order some for you within two days.(2016·河西區(qū)三調(diào))A.in store B.out of controlC.in short D.out of stock答案D解析句意為：我想要幾百本這樣的書(shū)。我們可能沒(méi)存貨了，但是兩天內(nèi)我可以為你訂購(gòu)一些。out of stock無(wú)現(xiàn)貨的，符合句意。in store儲(chǔ)備著，有貨；out of control失控；in short簡(jiǎn)言之。11.He has set us a good example by serving people heart and soul， his personal gain and loss.(2016·南開(kāi)區(qū)一模)A.in terms of B.regardless ofC.in favor of D.by means of 答案B解析句意為：他全心全意為人民服務(wù)，不計(jì)個(gè)人得失，為大家樹(shù)立了好榜樣。in terms of就而言；regardless of不管；in favor of支持；by means of通過(guò)。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。12. your help，we could not have finished such hard work in time.(2016·河北區(qū)二模)A.In spite of B.But forC.Thanks to D.As for答案B解析句意為：要不是有你的幫助，我們不可能及時(shí)完成這么繁重的任務(wù)。but for倘若沒(méi)有，要不是(常常用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣句子中，表示暗含條件)；in spite of盡管，即使；thanks to幸虧，多虧；as for至于。該題易誤選C項(xiàng)，用thanks to表示應(yīng)為“Thanks to your help，we finished such hard work in time.”。13.My mums letters really encouraged me my illness.(2016·北京東城區(qū)二模)A.over B.forC.throughout D.within答案C解析句意為：在我生病期間媽媽的信件真的自始至終鼓勵(lì)著我。throughout自始至終，符合語(yǔ)境。14.John accepted the championship award the team.(2016·和平區(qū)一模)A.in honour of B.in favour ofC.on account of D.on behalf of答案D解析句意為：約翰代表球隊(duì)接受了冠軍獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。on behalf of代表，符合句意。in honour of為了紀(jì)念；in favour of支持；on account of因?yàn)椋捎凇?5.It was obvious that the meeting was concerned the housing reform and everyone present was concerned their own interests.A.with；with B.with；forC.for；about D.about；with答案B解析句意為：很顯然，這次會(huì)議是有關(guān)房屋改革的，每個(gè)在場(chǎng)的人都很關(guān)心他們自己的利益。be concerned with與有關(guān)；be concerned for/about關(guān)心，為擔(dān)憂。故選B。.閱讀理解(2018·天津十二區(qū)縣二模)American students often have to take out loans to help pay for their education.Some students are very interested in the cost of undergraduate and graduate study in the United States.The first thing we should know is that the prices are different from school to school.The private colleges and universities generally cost more than public ones.Another thing to keep in mind is that not all students pay the “published price” of a school.Financial aid and scholarships may reduce the cost.The average published price for undergraduate study at a four-year public college was about seven thousand dollars.That was for students from “in state”.Students from other states as well as international students paid an average of more than eighteen thousand dollars.This is the bad newsinternational students often have to pay the highest prices.And these averages were only for tuition(學(xué)費(fèi)).Food，housing，books and supplies can add ten to twelve thousand dollars a year.The College Board says the average tuition at a private college was about twenty-six thousand dollars.Many students save money by starting their education at a two-year public college，also known as a community college.The average tuition this year was about two thousand five hundred dollars.A few American colleges provide a free education，including the military and Merchant Marine academies.They accept some foreign students.Berea College is a small Christian school in Berea，Kentucky，which pays all first-year costs for its foreign students.But they are expected to pay one thousand dollars a year after that.Summer jobs are provided to help meet this cost.Costs for graduate study in the United States also differ from school to school，and even from program to program.Here too，public universities charge more for out-of-state tuition.For example，at the University of Kentucky，out-of-state graduate tuition averaged about eighteen thousand dollars this year.In-state was about nine thousand.16.The passage is mainly talking about .A.how much an undergraduate or graduate needs to pay for studying in the United StatesB.how an undergraduate or graduate can choose a suitable program or college in the USAC.how much a foreign undergraduate or graduate needs to pay for studying in the USAD.why so many undergraduates and graduates are studying in the USA答案A解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講述的是一個(gè)本科生或研究生在美國(guó)上大學(xué)要花多少錢(qián)。故選A。17.Generally speaking，the annual cost of a foreign college student in a public college in the USA is .A.3640 thousand dollarsB.1719 thousand dollarsC.26 thousand dollarsD.2830 thousand dollars答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Students from other states as well as international.more than eighteen thousand dollars.”以及“Food，housing，books and supplies can add ten to twelve thousand dollars a year.”可知，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在美國(guó)公立大學(xué)上學(xué)的外國(guó)大學(xué)生的年平均費(fèi)用是2.8萬(wàn)3萬(wàn)美元。18.A foreign student who chooses Berea College is able to .A.get more career opportunities during summer vacationsB.reduce the cost of receiving education in the USA a lotC.have the chance to get along with world famous professorsD.earn a great deal of money when they are at college答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Berea College is a small Christian school in Berea，Kentucky，which pays all first-year costs for its foreign students.”可知，選擇貝里亞學(xué)院的外國(guó)學(xué)生能夠減少在美國(guó)接受教育的費(fèi)用。19.What should an American graduate do in order to save money according to the passage?A.He should choose a public university in his own state.B.He should choose those unfamous public universities.C.He should avoid changing his major at college.D.He should try to do some part-time jobs.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段及最后一段內(nèi)容可知，在州內(nèi)上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用比去別的州上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用低，所以為了省錢(qián)，學(xué)生應(yīng)該在自己的州選擇一所公立大學(xué)，而不能去其他地區(qū)上學(xué)。20.What can be inferred from the passage? A.The college tuition in America is higher than that in other countries.B.The higher the tuition is，the better the college is in the USA.C.Not all the parents in the USA will pay their childrens tuition of college.D.Some American students have to leave college because of the high tuition.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，并不是所有的美國(guó)父母都支付他們孩子的學(xué)費(fèi)，有的學(xué)生需要自己申請(qǐng)貸款去完成學(xué)業(yè)。.閱讀表達(dá)(2018·紅橋區(qū)二模)Sixteen years ago，I learned this lesson in the back of a New York City taxi.Heres what happened.I got into a taxi，and we took off for Grand Central Station.We were driving in the right lane when，all of a sudden，a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us.My taxi driver had to brake(剎車(chē)) immediately，and missed the black cars back end by just inches!The driver of the black car，who almost caused a big accident，started yelling bad words at us.My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy.And I mean，he was friendly.So，I said，“Why did you just do that? This guy almost destroyed your car and sent us to the hospital！” And this is when my taxi driver told me what I now call，“The Law of the Garbage Truck.”Many people are like garbage trucks.They run around full of garbage，full of frustration，full of anger，and full of disappointment.As their garbage piles up，they need a place to dump it.And if you let them，theyll dump it on you.When someone wants to dump on you，dont take it personally.You just smile，wave，wish them well，and move on.Youll be happy with what you did.Started thinking，how often do I let Garbage Trucks run right over me? And how often do I take their garbage and spread it to other people at work，at home，or on the streets? It was that day I said，“Im not going to do that anymore.”Good leaders know they have to be ready for their next meeting.Good parents know they have to welcome their children home from school with hugs and kisses.Leaders and parents know that they have to be fully present，and at their best for the people they care about.The bottom line is that successful people do not let Garbage Trucks take over their day.21.W