2019高考英語(yǔ) 詞匯（3）練習(xí)（含解析）

詞匯（3） 李仕才 復(fù)習(xí)：1、核心單詞2、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)3、寫作句式4、我讀我練（詞匯應(yīng)用、句式仿寫） 【單句單詞語(yǔ)法填空】 1. Fruit , vegetables and enough exercise are _____________ (有益的) to our health .  2. As is known, everyone has _______(strong) and weaknesses. 3. He was _____(撫養(yǎng)) by his uncle when he was a baby. 4. Well, towards nightfall I found myself ________(carry out) to sea by a strong wind. 5. I must make an ________(道歉) to him for not going to his party. 參考答案 1.  beneficial  2. strengths 3. brought up 4. carried out 5.apology 核心單詞 1.approximately adv.　 近似地，大約 2.argument n. 爭(zhēng)論，辯論 3.arrival n. 到來(lái)，到達(dá) 4.association n. 社團(tuán)；聯(lián)盟；交往；聯(lián)合 5.assume v. 假定，假設(shè) 6.assumption n. 假定，假設(shè) 7.astronaut n. 宇航員 8.athlete n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)員 9.attach vt. 縛，系，貼；使依戀；使依附(與to連用) 10.attempt vt. 試圖，嘗試 11.attend v. 看護(hù)，照料，服侍；出席，參加 12.attention n. 注意，關(guān)心 13.attitude n. 態(tài)度，看法 14.attract vt. 吸引，引起 15.available adj. 可獲得的；有空的 16.awesome adj. 引起敬畏的；可怕的 17.awkward adj. 令人尷尬，使人難堪的 18.background n. 背景 19.bakery n. 面包店 20.balance n. 平衡 21.bargain n. [C]交易，協(xié)議；廉價(jià)貨 　　　vi. 討價(jià)還價(jià)；達(dá)成協(xié)議 22.barrier n. 屏障，障礙；關(guān)卡 23.behaviour n. 行為，舉止 24.belief n. 信條，信念 25.beneficial adj. 有益的，有幫助的 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 1.at the mercy of...　　 任……擺布 at the cost of... 以……為代價(jià) at the expense of... 在損失……的情況下 at the risk of... 冒……的危險(xiǎn) 2.appeal to 吸引，投合某人的心意；呼吁 apply to 適用于； 申請(qǐng)…… belong to 屬于 contribute to 導(dǎo)致；有助于 have/gain access to... 可以獲得(或接近)…… 【閱讀理解】 He was there every morning, sitting motionless on the front steps of his house. In the morning light, I could see the shadows that were etched(蝕刻)deep within the lines surrounding his eyes. Each morning I walked this route with my daughter to her kindergarten class. We were new to the neighborhood so that I didn’t know many of my neighbors. On one beautiful autumn morning, as we passed his house, my daughter called out to him, “Hi, Mr. Man!” Always the outgoing child, I wasn’t surprised at her enthusiasm. But her cheerfulness soon faded when the man didn’t look at her and say “Hi” back. As we continued on our walk to school, my daughter asked why the man didn’t want to say hi to her. Because I didn’t have an answer, I said simply, “Maybe he is having a bad day.” later I knew that Bob lost his wife in a car accident. A few days later, as we approached Bob’s house on our way to school, my daughter called out “Hi Mr. Man!” and as usual, he didn’t respond. But then she ran onto his front lawn and picked up a beautiful red autumn leaf. She continued up one step and handed it to him. I held my breath. As she skipped back to me, she said, “See you tomorrow, Mr. Man!” This time, he acknowledged her. In a soft gentle voice, he thanked her and said, “See you tomorrow.” From then on, Bob and my daughter exchanged greeting each morning. Our friendship with Bob continued for many years. But, the sweetest day is when Bob attended my daughter’s high school graduation. Bob gave my daughter a gift---a book on identifying various plants and trees. There, tucked in the pages that described an oak tree, was the leaf my daughter had given to Mr. Man when they first met. He had dried and pressed it and kept it all those years. 1.What puzzled the girl? A. The cause of the man’s sadness B. The shadows in the man’s eyes C. The man’s sitting still on the steps D. The man’s not answering her greeting 2.How did the author feel when his daughter gave the red leaf to the man? A. Proud B. Nervous C. Embarrassed D. Comfortable 3.Why did Bob keep that little red leaf? A. It was a care from a girl B. It was a symbol of enthusiasm C. It was a reminder of his painful days D. It represented the knowledge of trees 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.A Simple Red Leaf B.A Strange Neighbor C. An Unusual Friend D.A Greeting From A girl 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。每天上學(xué)的路上，我和女兒總會(huì)遇見(jiàn)一位男士，女兒總會(huì)給他打招呼，但沒(méi)有得到答復(fù)，有一天當(dāng)女兒給他摘一片紅色的樹(shù)葉的時(shí)候，再次打招呼的時(shí)候，這次得到了答復(fù)。多年后在女兒畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，這位男士送給女兒一本書，上面印有各種各樣的植物和樹(shù)，還有女兒曾經(jīng)送給他的那片樹(shù)葉，在那片樹(shù)葉里包含著那位男士痛苦的過(guò)去。 1.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中But her cheerfulness soon faded when the man didn’t look at her and say “Hi” back.及As we continued on our walk to school, my daughter asked why the man didn’t want to say hi to her. Because I didn’t have an answer,的提示可知令那位女孩困惑的是那位男士沒(méi)有回答她的問(wèn)候，故選D。 3.A 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中l(wèi)ater I knew that Bob lost his wife in a car accident.的描述可知當(dāng)時(shí)Bob剛剛失去自己的妻子，而女兒的行為讓他很感動(dòng)，所以保存下來(lái)這片紅色的葉子，從而當(dāng)作對(duì)自己痛苦時(shí)光的回憶，故選A。 4.A 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中的描述可知這片紅色的葉子一直貫穿全文，就是因?yàn)樗攀构适碌靡园l(fā)展，因此，一片紅色的葉子就是該文的主旨，故選A。 寫作句式 狀語(yǔ)從句 1.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Since the deadline is next Sunday, would you please send them back to me before next Saturday? 因?yàn)榻刂谷掌谑窍轮苋眨芊裨谙轮芰鞍阉鼈儼l(fā)給我？ 2.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books. 我們可以提前出發(fā)，這樣我們會(huì)有更多的時(shí)間來(lái)閱讀和選擇書籍。 3.(2016·天津高考書面表達(dá))You are so kind and considerate that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are. 你們?nèi)绱松屏肌Ⅲw貼，我們希望成為你們的朋友，無(wú)論你們?cè)谀摹? 我讀我練 Ⅰ.詞匯應(yīng)用 1.He bargained(討價(jià)還價(jià)) with the merchant before he bought the ring. 2.When it comes to the social phenomenon, different people hold different attitudes(態(tài)度) towards it. 3.Reading widely and regularly will be beneficial (benefit) to your English. 4.We’ll listen to the arguments(argue) from both sides and then vote on it. 5.The war broke out, and many innocent people were at__the__risk__of (冒……的危險(xiǎn)) losing their lives. 6.She applied__to (向……申請(qǐng)) the international school for a job as an English teacher. Ⅱ.句式仿寫 1.重要的事情是你要學(xué)會(huì)控制你的脾氣，以便你不會(huì)做一些使你后悔的事或說(shuō)使你后悔的話。 (2014·安徽高考書面表達(dá))The important thing is to learn to control your temper so__that__you__may__not__do__or__say__anything__you’ll__regret. 2.音樂(lè)對(duì)我如此有吸引力，以至于一有時(shí)間我就會(huì)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，它會(huì)帶我進(jìn)入一個(gè)不同的世界。 Music is so__appealing__to__me__that I always listen to music whenever I’m free, which brings me into a different world. 3.另一方面，既然我們都盡力了，我們就不會(huì)有遺憾。 (2013·湖南高考寫作)On the other hand, since__we__all__tried__our__best,__we had no regret. 【練習(xí)】 Dear Chris， I'm Li Ming，monitor of Class One，Senior One.I'm glad to hear that you will come to our school as exchange student next term.I feel it an honor of us to study with you.Now I have something to tell you about.Firstly，with the climate changing，you should prepared enough clothes.Then there are different kind of foods and snacks which will give you a chance to experiencing rich Chinese food culture.In addition，every student is friendly to foreign friends，that will make it easy for you to get along good with them. Last but not least，we can do what we can to help you，and you must get prepared to meet trouble.During your stay here，I hope you can tell us more about American culture.Only by understanding and learn from each other can we spend these days together happily. Yours， Li Ming. 文章大意：短文為李明寫給交換生Chris的一封信，表示在他來(lái)我校交換期間會(huì)幫助他適應(yīng)環(huán)境，以及互相學(xué)習(xí)。 答案： Dear Chris， I'm Li Ming，monitor of Class One，Senior One.I'm glad to hear that you will come to our school asexchange student next term.I feel it an honor us to study with you.Now I have something to tell you about.Firstly，with the climate changing， you should enough clothes.Then there are different of foods and snacks which will give you a chance to rich Chinese food culture.In addition，every student is friendly to foreign friends， will make it easy for you to get along with them.Last but not least，we can do what we can to help you， you must get prepared to meet trouble.During your stay here，I hope you can tell us more about American culture.Only by understanding and from each other can we spend these days together happily. ?　解析：考查冠詞，student是可數(shù)名詞，前需加冠詞，exchange是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，因此使用不定冠詞an。 ?　解析：考查固定搭配，表達(dá)“對(duì)于某人而言”使用介詞for。 ?　解析：考查固定搭配，此處是“告訴某人”，使用tell sb.，多了介詞about。 ?　解析：考查動(dòng)詞，should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形，因此使用prepare。 ?　解析：考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，kind“種類”是可數(shù)名詞，表示“不同的種類”，different后接其復(fù)數(shù)形式。 ?　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的用法，a chance to do sth.“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”，to為動(dòng)詞不定式，后接動(dòng)詞原形，因此使用experience。 ?　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞，考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，使用which。 ?　解析：考查固定搭配，表達(dá)“與某人相處融洽”使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)get along well with sb.，因此good改為well。 ?　解析：考查連詞的用法，前后句子為轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，and為并列的關(guān)系，因此改為but。 　解析：考查動(dòng)名詞形式，此處and連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)，by后接動(dòng)名詞，因此learn使用其動(dòng)名詞形式learning。 7