浙江省甌海區(qū)三溪中學(xué)高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 倒裝句考點(diǎn)歸納與試題解析學(xué)案 新人教版

2015高考英語倒裝句考點(diǎn)歸納與試題解析英語中的倒裝句指的是主語、謂語位置顛倒的情況，根據(jù)其倒裝形式又可分為部分倒裝和全部倒裝兩種形式。在歷年的上海高考中，倒裝句都是其考查的重點(diǎn)?？键c(diǎn)一. 強(qiáng)調(diào)否定狀語的倒裝句。否定意義的副詞或連詞置于句首引起的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這類狀語有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely.when, no soonerthan, not onlybut also, not until, nowhere, neithernor等。例1. Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means_ with my progress. A. the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied解析：by no means意思是“決不，在任何情況下都不”，放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝。故正確答案為D。例2.Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no sooner_ than it happened.A. had she gongB. she had goneC. has she goneD. she has gone解析：no soonerthan意為“一就”，no sooner所在的主句常用過去完成時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)，no表示否定意義。故正確答案為A。注意： not onlybut(also)連接兩個(gè)并列分句且包含否定意義的not only放于句首時(shí)， not only后的分句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝, but (also)后的分句不進(jìn)行倒裝。 例3. Not only_ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is; all his students areB. the teacher himself is; are all his students C. is the teacher himself; are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself; all his students are 解析：not only位于句首，其后句子用部分倒裝的形式，而but also后的句子語序不倒裝。故正確答案為D。PS. 當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。 Not until his mother came back did he go to bed.考點(diǎn)二. Only+狀語/狀語從句置于句首時(shí),主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。例4. Only then_ how much damage had been caused? A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realizedD. did she realize解析：only位于句首修飾狀語then，全句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝， 由then又知道此時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故正確答案為D。考點(diǎn)三. 作狀語的介詞短語放于句首時(shí)引起的句子要全部倒裝。有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)將作狀語的介詞短語放在句首，而將主語放到句末；或者當(dāng)句子中主語較長時(shí)，為了使句子平衡，常以作狀語的介詞短語開頭。例5. At the foot of the mountain_.A. a village lie B. lies a villageC. does a village lie D. lying a village解析：介詞短語at the foot of the mountain位于句首，句子用全部倒裝，其時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故正確答案為B。例6. Just in front of our house_ with a history of 1,000 years. A. does a tall tree standB. stands a tall treeC. a tall tree is standingD. a tall tree stands解析：介詞短語位于句首，句子用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故正確答案為B。考點(diǎn)四. so/suchthat結(jié)構(gòu)中的so, such連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí), 主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。例7. So difficult_ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I findC. I have found D. have I found解析: so位于句首且so修飾difficult, 主句部分進(jìn)行部分倒裝，整句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故正確答案為B?？键c(diǎn)五. soneithernor表示前面所說的情況也適合于后者時(shí)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) “soneithernor助動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語”（so表示肯定意義，neithernor表示否定意義）的形式。 例8. Its burning hot today, isnt it?Yes. _ yesterday. A. So was it B. So it wasC. So it is D. So is it解析: so在這里表示昨天的天氣情況也跟今天的一樣。故正確答案為A。例9. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. _. A. Nor am I B. Neither would IC. Same with me D. So do I 解析: 前句表示否定, 則后句也應(yīng)表示否定, 根據(jù)上一句的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,第二句中也應(yīng)該用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would。故正確答案為B。注意，如果so表示強(qiáng)調(diào)， 即強(qiáng)調(diào)前面所說的情況的真實(shí)性時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)則是“so主語助動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”的形式，這里的主語同前一個(gè)句子的主語指的是同一人或物。如：例10. Well，I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. (0_.A. So it is B. So is itC. So does itD. So it does解析：肯定前一句話中的賓語從句 “the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal”, so引導(dǎo)的句子不進(jìn)行倒裝，而且so引導(dǎo)的句子中謂語動(dòng)詞要與該賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞相一致。故正確答案為A?？键c(diǎn)六. As/though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。即as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句中必須將表語或狀語提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前），構(gòu)成“形容詞/副詞/名詞/動(dòng)詞/分詞+as/though+主語+謂語的其它部分”的形式。例11._, he talks a lot about his favorites singers after class.A.      A quiet student as he may beB.      Quiet student as he may be C.      Be a quiet student as he may beD.     Quiet as he may be a student解析：整個(gè)表語部分quiet student提在as之前并且名詞student前的冠詞a要省略。故正確答案為B。例12. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A.      As long as I have traveledB.      Now that I have traveled so muchC.      Much as I have traveledD.     As I have traveled so much解析：本題中從句與主句之間存在明顯的讓步關(guān)系，故需要選擇由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，并且要將副詞much提前進(jìn)行倒裝。故正確答案為C。 使用as/though進(jìn)行倒裝時(shí)需要注意的是：句首有名詞時(shí)，名詞不能帶任何冠詞。句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其他助動(dòng)詞則放在主語之后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語，則賓語和狀語隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語之前。如:Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。（理解即可）考點(diǎn)七. 非真實(shí)條件句中的倒裝。即在非真實(shí)條件句中含有were, had, should等助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以將if省略，把助動(dòng)詞放在非真實(shí)條件句的句首的倒裝形式。例13._ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be解析：該句中條件句為非真實(shí)條件句，省略if且表示與將來事實(shí)相反。故正確答案為B。例14. _ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see the film.A. If it is not B. Were it notC. Had it not been D. If they were not解析：該條件句中省略if, 且表達(dá)與過去事實(shí)相反。故正確答案為C。PS. 兩種常見的全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞置于句首，謂語表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。 Out rushed a little child.In came a teacher. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。 Here he comes.Away they went.隨堂小練習(xí)：1. _can you expect to get a pay rise. a. With hard work b. Although work hard c. Only with hard work d. Now that he works hard 2. _, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. a. However late is he b. However he is late c. However is he late d. However late he is 3. Not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious the pollution was. a. did the villagers realize b. the villagers realized c. the villagers did realize d. didnt the villagers realize 4. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. a. didnt realize b. did I realize c. I didnt realize d. I realized 5.Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother? I dont know, _. a. nor dont I care b. nor do I care c. I dont care neither d. I dont care also 6. Only by practicing a few hours every day _ be able to waste much time. a. you can b. can you c. you will d. will you 7. Not until the early years of the19th century _ what heat is. a. man did know b. man knew c. didnt man know d. did man know 8. _got into the room, _ the telephone rang. a. He hardly; then b. Hardly had he; when c. He had not; than d. Not had he; when 9. _ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. a. Not only they brought b. Not only did they bring c. Not only brought they d. Not only they did bring 10.I dont think I can walk any further. / _, lets stop here for a rest. a. Neither can i b. neither do I c. I didnt think so d. I think so 11. Only in this way _ do it well. a. must we b. we could c. can we d. we can 12. Hardly _ when it began to rain. a. had he arrived b. arrived he c. he had arrived d. did he arrive 13. Jack is a student and studies at the no. 2 middle school. _. a. it was the same with mike b. so it is with mike c. so is mike d. so does mike 14. _, I would have given you his address. a. if you asked me b. you had asked me c. should you have asked me d. had you asked me 15. _ that they had made an important discovery in science. a. Little they realized b. They had realized little c. Little did they realize d. Little had they realized 16. _ that I couldnt be absorbed in the work. a. They made such talked b. So loudly they talked c. It was noise outside d. Such a loud noise did they make 17. Many a time _ me good advice. a. he gave b. does he give c. he has given d. has he given 18. _ have I seen a better performance. a. everywhere b. nowhere else c. everywhere else d. nowhere 19. Not a single word _ at the beginning. a. did he say b. has he said c. he said d. he has said 20. Only in an hour ago _ out why he was absent. a. did the teacher found b. the teacher found c. did the teacher find d. had the teacher found 21. _the plane. a. Flew down b. Down flew c. Down was flying d. Down fly 22. Hardly _ when the bus suddenly pulled away. a. they had got to the bus stop b. they got to the bus stop c. did they get to the bus stop d. had they got to the bus stop 23. Not only _ a promise ,but he also kept it. a. had he made b. he had made c. did he make d. he makes 24. There _ . a. come they b. they come c. they are come d. they will come 25. _ that he could not speak for a long time. a. So frightened was he b. So frightened he was c. Was he so frightened d. Frightened was he 26. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. a. will he realize b. he did realize c. did he realize d. should he realize 27. Only when you have finished your homework _ go home. a. can you b. would you c. you will d. you can 28. Seldom _ any mistakes during my past few years of working here. a. would I make b. did I make c. I did make d. shall I make 小翻譯：1.他不僅許了諾，而且也守了諾。( Not only)2.我一輩子沒聽說過也沒見過這樣的東西。( Never)3.在地上躺著一個(gè)不到十歲的男孩子,受了重傷。4.墻上掛著一幅中國地圖。5.他變化如此大以致我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出來了。(So)6.直到回到家里我才發(fā)現(xiàn)到錢包丟了。(Not until)7.你想見的那個(gè)女孩子來啦！(Here)8.我不想認(rèn)識(shí)他，也不想了解他的一些情況。(neither/nor)9.只有當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束，那個(gè)年輕的士兵才回到了自己的家鄉(xiāng)。(Only)10.湯姆最近取得了很大的進(jìn)步。 是啊，確實(shí)如此。你也是喲。(so)6