河北省撫寧縣第六中學(xué)2013-2014學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ) 介詞(1)學(xué)案
介詞需重點(diǎn)掌握的介詞1.against意為“反對(duì);違背;逆;倚靠;以為背景;襯托;預(yù)防”翻譯下列句中against意思:1) Im against his opinion. _ 2) The ship is sailing against the wind. _3) This was against the law _ 4) The picture looks more beautiful against the white wall. _5) He leaned against the door. _2. for (表目的)“為了”;“因?yàn)椤?;“贊成”翻譯下列句中for意思:1) Are you for or against the plan? _2) Whatever I do, I do it for you. _3) The city is famous for its beautiful scenery. _3. beyond (時(shí))在以后,遲于;超出 (反義詞 within)翻譯下列句中beyond意思:1) Put the medicine beyond the reach of children. _2) He worked until beyond midnight. _3) The problem is beyond me. _4.with “和一起”;“具有”;“隨身攜帶”;“隨著”;“用”(工具/身體器官/情感/態(tài)度)翻譯下列句中with意思:1)He stood up with pride. _2) I have no money with me today._3) Would you like to go out with us? _4) I want a cup with a handle. _5) When you cut something with a knife, you cant be too careful. _6) With time going by, the College Entrance Examination is on the way. _5. except/ but表示從整體中除去一部分。 besides是“除之外還有”的意思。(in addition to ) except for +名詞 敘述完整體之后對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正。except that + 句子 敘述完整體之后對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正。apart from +名詞 可表以上各種意思。6. on/ upon + n. / doing “一就”方位介詞1.above, over, on, below, underabove在上方,(不一定在正上方), 反義詞是belowover在正上方,反義詞是under; 超過(guò)on 在上面,側(cè)重于與物體表面接觸。反義詞是beneathat 在尖上2.across, over, through, past 都與運(yùn)動(dòng)有關(guān)across“橫穿,穿過(guò)”,著重指從一條線(xiàn)或一物體表面的一邊到另一邊,含義與on有關(guān)。through“穿過(guò),通過(guò)”,著重指從空間的一頭縱穿到另一頭,含義與in 有關(guān)。over“跨過(guò),越過(guò)”,表運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體的上方。past“從旁經(jīng)過(guò)”,表運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體旁邊。along“沿著”,同動(dòng)態(tài)詞連用,指一條線(xiàn)平行。eg: Be careful enough while walking across the street.3.in, on, to, offin在范圍內(nèi) on接壤,毗鄰,位于河畔,在岸上 to范圍外,隔相望 off“在.的海岸,岸邊”,如島嶼,珊瑚礁,輪船等,還表“靠近”eg: The sun rises in the east.There are a lot of islands off the southeast coast of China.4.between,among between兩者之間或兩兩之間 among三者或三者以上之中5. on, in, at 表示地點(diǎn)on“在之上”接觸面,“靠近,接壤,左右邊”;eg: on the leftin“在里面”和“中間”;(在較大的地方用in)eg: in the middle of the riverat表示小地點(diǎn),“入口,車(chē)站,電影院”(門(mén)牌號(hào)等前);(entrance, bus stop, railway station, cinema, theater)home出現(xiàn)定語(yǔ)冠,須用in把a(bǔ)t換;eg: at home in his simple home 在他簡(jiǎn)樸的家里“夜間,車(chē)輛”若有限,及“在途中”on在前。 2