（新課改）2020高考英語一輪復習 Unit 3 Computers學案（含解析）新人教版必修2

Unit 3 Computers(一)課前自主學習.閱讀單詞知其意1calculator n 計算器2laptop n. 手提電腦3revolution n. 革命4mathematical adj. 數(shù)學的5designer n. 設計師6network n. 網絡；網狀物7virus n. 病毒8naughty adj. 頑皮的；淘氣的9spoil vt. 損壞；寵壞 .重點單詞寫其形1calculate vt. 計算2sum n. 總數(shù)；算術題；金額3technology n縱聯(lián)1 工藝；科技；技術4solve vt. 解決；解答5reality n. 真實；事實；現(xiàn)實6mobile adj. 可移動的；機動的7anyhow adv.縱聯(lián)2 (也作anyway)無論如何；即使如此8goal n. 目標；目的；球門；(進球)得分9happiness n. 幸福；快樂10signal vi.&vt.n縱聯(lián)3 11type n. 類型vt.&vi. 打字12arise vi.縱聯(lián)4 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生13character n. 性格；特點14coach n. 教練15electronic adj. 電子的16universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的17artificial adj. 人造的；假的18download vt. 下載.拓展單詞通其變1operator n(電腦)操作員；接線員operate v操作；經營operation n操作；經營2simplify vt.簡化simple adj.簡單的縱聯(lián)53logical adj.合邏輯的；合情理的logically adv.邏輯上；合邏輯地；有條理地4intelligent adj.智能的；聰明的intelligence n智力；聰明；智能5total adj.總的；整個的n.總數(shù)；合計 vt.共計；總計；把加起來totally adv.完全地；整個地6personal adj.私人的；個人的；親自的personally adv.就個人而言；親自personality n個性；性格；名人7application n應用；用途；申請apply v應用；涉及；申請applicant n申請人；求職者8finance n金融；財經financial adj.財政的；金融的；資金的9explore vt.& vi.探索；探測；探究explorer n探險家；勘探者exploration n勘探；探測；探險10appearance n外觀；外貌；出現(xiàn)appear vi.出現(xiàn)縱聯(lián)1.以­ology結尾高頻名詞一覽technology科技biology生物學ecology生態(tài)學 geology地理/地質學psychology心理學 physiology生理學縱聯(lián)2.“不管怎樣，無論如何”家族anyhow anywayhowever in any case 縱聯(lián)3.長相雖相似，不是親兄弟signal n信號 sign n跡象；符號sigh v嘆息 sight n視力；情景single adj.單個的；單身的縱聯(lián)4.ABC式過去式、過去分詞變化arisearosearisen drivedrovedrivenrideroderidden riseroserisenwritewrotewritten縱聯(lián)5.以“­ify”結尾的動詞薈萃simplify簡化 beautify美化purify凈化 identify鑒定；識別出classify分類 horrify使恐懼單元話題計算機子話題1軟件和硬件keyboard n鍵盤 modem n調制解調器 monitor n顯示器 mouse (復mice) n鼠標printer n打印機 screen n幕；熒光屏 software n軟件 microcomputer n微機hardware n. 硬件 system n體系；系統(tǒng)data n數(shù)據；資料 browser n瀏覽器子話題2計算機操作search n&v.搜索 copy v復制；拷貝surf v瀏覽 click v. 點擊(計算機用語) insert vt. 插入 delete v刪去 boot v啟動 upload vt.上傳log v登錄 scroll v上下滾動學考對接·活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1(2014·浙江高考閱讀C) These health benefits apply to the workplace as well.Rachel Kaplan, a professor of environmental psychology，has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environments.Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office even simple views of trees and flowers felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying.If low­tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.寫出加彩詞在本單元中的同根名詞：_application寫出natural在本單元中的反義詞：artificial寫出simple 在本單元中的同根動詞：_simplify_2(2014·湖北高考閱讀C) This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things.The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (認知的)tasks not because they arent clever enough (solve) them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.寫出personality在本單元中的同根形容詞：personal寫出加彩詞在本單元的同義詞：intelligent，其名詞形式為intelligence, artificial intelligence意為人工智能用solve的適當形式填空：to_solve高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(根據漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(2014·安徽高考書面表達) 每個人都會遇到像你這樣的問題。如何解決這個問題非常重要，這里有一些建議。(solve)Everybody_will_meet_such_a_problem_like_you._How_to_solve_it_is_very_important_and_here_is_some_advice.2(2013·北京高考書面表達)我認為這幅圖是在告訴我們通常夢想和現(xiàn)實之間是有區(qū)別的。(reality)I_think_the_picture_is_telling_us_that_there_is_usually_a_difference_between_ones_dream_and_reality. (二)課堂重點釋疑1solve vt.解決；解答記牢(1)solve problems解決問題(2)solution n. 解決辦法；處理手段a/the solution to sth. 的解決方法練通單句語法填空(2017·北京高考)Solving (solve) the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.With most of the problems solved (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind.It may take a long time to find a solution (solve) to the problem.寫美補全句子為了解決這個問題，我和我的朋友一心想要給學校寫點建議。In_order_to_solve_the_problem,_I, together with my friends, am bent on writing some suggestions to our school.2. signal vi.&vt.發(fā)信號n.信號記牢(1)signal to sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事signal (to sb.) that . 示意(某人)(2)a traffic signal 交通信號send out a signal 發(fā)出信號練通單句語法填空She signaled that she was about to turn left.As soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled to the waiter to bring the menu.(2015·浙江高考)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.寫美句式升級The bell rang, and signaled that school was over.The bell rang, which_signaled_that_school_was_over.(非限制性定語從句)The bell rang, signaling_that_school_was_over.(分詞作狀語)3arise vi.(arose, arisen, arising)出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；引起；產生；起身；起床辨清寫出下列句中arise的含義Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身New problems will arise one after another in the future.出現(xiàn)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting？產生記牢(1)arise fromarise out of 由引起/產生； 從中產生(2)arise from ones chair/seat 從椅子/座位上站起來練通 補全句子As is known to all, emotional or mental problems can_arise_from_a physical cause.眾所周知，身體上的原因可以引起情緒或精神上的問題。用準arise為不及物動詞，表示“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生”時，主語一般為argument, difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名詞，無被動語態(tài)。寫美翻譯句子(2015·江蘇高考書面表達)開車時你越小心越好。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。You_cant_be_too_careful_while_driving._Accidents_often_arise_from_carelessness.詞匯過關綜合訓練 .單詞拼寫1Seeing their favourite star come in, the devoted fans arose (起身) from their seats immediately.2The policeman scolded the driver for turning without a signal (信號)3Her childhood dream became a reality (現(xiàn)實) when she broke the world record.4The software downloaded (下載) on the Internet must be installed properly.5It is well­known that overpopulation is a universal (普遍的) problem.6I havent calculated (計算；估算) the cost that we will spend in travelling.7When the computer is stopped in this way, it can only be restarted by the operator (操作員)8I think happiness (幸福) depends on our attitude towards life.單句語法填空1Personally (person), I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.2We should not judge a person by his appearance (appear) but people make that mistake from time to time.3This question is too difficult for the children. I think wed better find a way to simplify (simple) it.4Its like learning a totally (total) new language.5When a person writes, he must organize his mind to express his ideas and feelings more logically (logical)6It is universally (universal) believed that computers have entered the ordinary peoples homes.7A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, signalling (signal) that he was strongly opposed.8Have you filled in the application (apply) form for a new passport?9Dozens of unexplained mysteries exist in the world, which keeps the explorers (explore) puzzled.10When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence (intelligent) and not be a slave to them!.根據提示補全句子/一句多譯1說實話，我對如何解決這個問題感到困惑。(solve)To be honest, I'm at a loss how_to_solve_the_problem.2會議結束了，他示意該走了。(signal)The meeting was over; he_signaled_that_it_was_time_to_leave.3休息時，他開始處理課上出現(xiàn)的問題。(arise)At break, he got down to dealing with the matters arising_from_his_class.(分詞作定語)At break, he got down to dealing with the matters which_arose_from_his_class.(定語從句).語境辨義根據語境選出名詞character的詞義(A)角色；人物 (B)品質；性格(C)特色；特性；特點 (D)文字1Kindness and violence can shape one's character._B_2They are the two main characters in the play._A_3The town is so beautiful! I just love it.Me too. The character of the town is well preserved._C_4There are 80,000 Chinese characters, most of which are seldom used today._D_(一)課前自主學習1from_._on從時起2in_a_way_ 在某種程度上 3with_the_help_of 在的幫助下4deal_with 處理；安排；對付；應付5watch_over 看守；監(jiān)視；照管6provide_._with_. 給提供7have_._in_common 有共同之處8share_._with_. 串記1 與分享 9as_a_result 結果10make_up 彌補；編造；打扮；構成11after_all 串記2 畢竟；終究12make_good_use_of 充分利用同根短語串記串記1.都與“with”交朋友share . with . 與分享cover . with . 用覆蓋equip . with . 用裝備mix . with . 把和混合connect . with . 把與連接起來provide .with . 給提供串記2.all相關短語薈萃after all畢竟 in all總共；總計above all首先；最重要的是 first of all首先all in all總的來說 not at all一點也不1over time 隨著時間的推移2artificial intelligence 人工智能3in the_early 1960s 在20世紀60年代初4help with medical operations 幫助做醫(yī)療手術5a life of high quality 高質量的生活6a devoted friend 一個忠實的朋友7tell stories 講故事8win second place 贏得第二名1I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years_before_I_was_built_as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我發(fā)育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一臺分析機。2As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.隨著時間的流逝，我被做得更小了。3And my memory became so_large_that even I couldnt believe it！我的存儲量變得如此之大，以至于我自己都不能相信！4She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while_watching_human_games.她把觀看人類比賽時所看到的一切可能動作編入我們的程序。學考對接·活學活用高考采擷(一)完形中的短語(補全句子)1(2016·全國卷完形填空) Powerful, yes, but not always accurate. For years I dealt_with (與打交道) my travel agent only by phone.2(2013·廣東高考完形填空)It seems that number sense is something we have in_common_with_(與相同) many animals in this world, and that our human ability is not much better than a crows.高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語和句式(補全句子/詞匯升級)1(2015·廣東高考寫作)在我看來，在我們老師的幫助下我們把組織一些課外活動成為一項規(guī)定會更好。In my opinion, it is better to make it a rule that we organize some after­class activities regularly with_the_help_of our teachers.2(2016·全國卷書面表達)As I know, you are good at taking pictures. Therefore (As_a_result), Im writing to you to invite you to participate.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞)3(2018·6月浙江高考寫作)當我在一家旅行社作兼職工作時，我積累了一些相關經驗。(as引導時間狀語從句)I accumulated some related experience as_I_worked_part­time_in_a_travel_agency.4(2016·北京高考書面表達)我們做得很好，因此我們被邀請與我們學校的所有學生分享我們的想法和經驗。(so . that .)We did so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with all the students of our school.(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1as a result結果記牢(1)as a result of因為；由于(2)result in 導致；造成result from 由造成；起因于練通單句語法填空(2017·全國卷)As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.句型轉換He was too careless; as a result, he failed the English test.He failed the English test as_a_result_of_carelessness.His carelessness_resulted_in his failure in the English test.His failure in the English test resulted_from his carelessness.用準(1)as a result意為“因此，結果”，是介詞短語，常作狀語。(2)as a result of意為“由于”，是介詞短語，表示原因，只能接名詞/代詞/動名詞及what引導的名詞性從句。寫美補全句子(2016·北京高考書面表達)鄭和在海上航行了28年，到過30多個國家。因此，中國經濟發(fā)展得更快，中國被世界上更多的人所知。Zheng He spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries. As_a_result,_Chinas_economy_developed_faster_and_China_was_known_by_more_people_in_the_world.2in a way在某種程度上；從某一角度看記牢all the way一路上；自始至終；完全by the way 順便說一下in no way 一點也不；決不(位于句首時， 句子應使用部分倒裝)in this way 用這種方法in the way 擋道；礙事on the way 在途中練通選用上述短語填空In_a_way,_the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in_the_way whenever she tries to. He decided that he would drive_all_the_way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.補全句子In no way should_you_lose_heart_when you are faced with difficulties.面對困難時，你決不應該失去信心。寫美翻譯句子只有用這種方式他們才能獨立成長、真正成功。Only_in_this_way_can_they_grow_up_to_be_independent_and_become_truly_successful.3. deal with處理；安排；對付；應付；論及；涉及；與打交道；做買賣辨清寫出下列句中deal with的含義As a child, he never left his parents, so he didnt get used to dealing with everything in school independently.處理；應付His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.論及；涉及His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.與打交道記牢(1)deal in經營make a deal 成交；達成交易(2)do with sth. 處理某事練通 補全句子I dont know how to deal_with the man dealing_in second cars. Can you tell me what to do_with my old car?我不知道如何與那個買賣二手車的人打交道。你能告訴我如何處理我的那輛舊車嗎？用準deal with表示“處理”時，常與疑問詞how連用；do with表示“處理”時，常與疑問詞what連用。寫美補全句子(2015·浙江高考書面表達)對于組織班級活動我們或許有不同的觀點。我們也許有不同的方法來解決這一情況。We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have_various_ways_to_deal_with_such_a_situation. 句式集釋1as引導狀語從句教材原句As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.悟拓展例句(1)As time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life.With_time_going_on/by,_he contented himself with a simple life.隨著時間的流逝，他滿足于過簡樸的生活。(2)I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”， just as_I_might_do_in_China.我離他們足夠近能聽見他們正在說漢語，并且我像在中國可能做的那樣說了聲“你好”。(3)(2017·天津高考書面表達)As_I_was_busy_preparing_for_my_final_exam,_I didnt reply to your email as soon as I received it.因為我正忙著準備期末考試，我沒有一收到電子郵件就給你回復。(4)Child_as_he_is,_he knows how to help others.他雖是個孩子，卻知道如何幫助別人。(5)(2015·福建高考)The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as_enthusiastic_as ever.這次失敗對他來說是個大的打擊，但是他并未感到沮喪并且很快變得和以前一樣充滿熱情。析用法規(guī)則用法歸納as作連詞，有以下用法：(1) “當時候；一邊一邊；隨著”，引導時間狀語從句。(2)“按照的方式(辦法)；如同”，引導方式狀語從句。(3)“因為；既然”，引導原因狀語從句。(4)“盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句。(5)引導比較狀語從句，常用于as . as . 句型，意為“像一樣”(第一個as是副詞，第二個as是連詞)。注意事項(1)當as引導讓步狀語從句時，從句使用部分倒裝，即將形容詞、副詞、名詞、動詞等放于as前面；單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提前時應該省掉冠詞。(2)with意為“隨著”時是介詞，后接名詞或代詞等構成with短語或with復合結構。背寫作佳句(1)As the summer break is approaching, I will be free for almost three months.(開頭句)(2)I think you look great as you are, and youre a wonderful person.(要點句)2so/such . that .引導結果狀語從句教材原句And my memory became so_large_that even I couldnt believe it!悟拓展例句(1)(2017·全國卷)I was so_nervous_that I could hardly tell which direction was left.我非常緊張，幾乎不知道哪個方向是左邊。(2)As can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with such_heavy_homework_that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.正如圖畫上所看到的一樣，一個男孩肩負著那么沉重的作業(yè)以至于他看上去好像再也承受不住了。析用法規(guī)則用法歸納(1)so . that . “如此以至于”，引導結果狀語從句。其句型基本結構為：(2)such . that . “如此以至于”，引導結果狀語從句。其句型基本結構為：注意事項在“so .that .”和“such . that .”結構中，當“soadj./adv.”及“such .”放在句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。例如：So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.背寫作佳句(1)(2018·江蘇高考書面表達)Everyone is faced with such wonderful commodities every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.(要點句)(2)(2018·北京高考書面表達)So fast is Beijing developing that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.(要點句)詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練 .選詞填空1They quarreled the other day but made_up soon.2With_the_help_of local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females.3Im going to deliver a speech about how to deal_with troubles.4They use specially trained dogs to_watch_over their sheep at night.5What he said at the meeting was reasonable in_a_way.6Dont blame him for breaking that vase; after_all he is still a child.一句多譯1隨著社會的快速發(fā)展，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)和朋友聚會的時間變少了。As_the_society_develops_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(as)With_the_society_developing_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(with)2因為越來越多的汽車，空氣質量變得更糟。(result)There are more and more cars._As_a_result,_air quality is getting worse.As_a_result_of more and more cars, air quality is getting worse.More and more cars have resulted_in air qualitys getting worse.That air quality is getting worse results_from more and more cars.3天氣非常寒冷，以至于街上沒有人。It was so_cold_a_day_that there was nobody on the street.(so)It was such_a_cold_day_that there was nobody on the street.(such)Such_a_cold_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(such倒裝句)So_cold_a_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(so倒裝句).概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款臺), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple. They said they would take me.We chatted and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.I wrote them a thank­you note.Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.Years later, I drove to a meeting in the morning.In the late afternoon I found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment, so later, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever written him to say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said.“Thank you” two powerful words. They're easy to say and mean so much.寫作步驟第一步：歸納主旨大意主旨大意：本篇為記敘文，作者用自己兩次親身經歷說明向別人表示感謝的重要性。短文結構分析：全文分為三個部分。第一部分(第一、二段)：作者與一對夫婦偶遇，當車出現(xiàn)故障時得到那對夫婦的幫助，作者表示感謝，那對夫婦說給予幫助讓他們的假日過得有意義。第二部分(第三、四段)：作者的車出現(xiàn)故障，得到修理人員的無償幫助，作者寫信表示感謝，他們回信說這對他們來說很重要。第三部分(第五段)：表示感謝非常重要。第二步：提煉關鍵詞Part 1：1.A_couple_offered_the_author_help when black smoke poured from the back of his car.2The author wrote_a_thank­you_note to the couple.3The couple said that helping the author had made their_holidays_meaningful.Part 2：4.Two_salesmen_gave_the_author_a_hand when there was something wrong with his car.5The_author wrote them a note to say_thanks. 6One of the salesmen wrote back, saying it meant_a_lot.Part 3：7.Saying_“thank_you” was easy but meant_so_much.第三步：合并和改寫1要點1和4合并：The author told us two of his experiences of being helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car.改寫：In this passage, the author described two of his experiences where_he_was_helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car.2要點2和5合并：During the two experiences, the author wrote thank­you notes to the strangers.改寫：During the two experiences, the author expressed his_thanks_to the strangers.3要點3、6和7合并：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but meant so much.改寫：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very_meaningful.第四步：核查成文核查連貫性，優(yōu)先考慮使用最短連接詞；核查標點和語法；核查詞數(shù)。最終成文如下：In_this_passage,_the_author_described_two_of_his_experiences_where_he_was_helped_by_the_strangers,_who_had_given_him_a_hand_when_there_was_something_wrong_with_his_car._(要點1)And during the two experiences, the author expressed his thanks to the strangers. (要點2)Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very meaningful.(要點3)理清文體結構之(八