2022年高一英語 units1-3語言點講解 北師大版

2022年高一英語 units1-3語言點講解 北師大版1. Be supposed to do sth. “應(yīng)該做某事"  Suppose that-或者  Supposing that -“如果，假如”e.g.(1)Teachers are supposed to know a lot.  (2)Suppose /Supposing it rains, what's to be done?  (3)-Are you going to the meeting?    -Yes, I suppose so.    -No, I don't suppose so./ I suppose not.   (4) I don't suppose he'll e.2. series (單復(fù)數(shù)同行）：a  series of-"一系列的-"3plain to sb. about sth. 4. Relaxing "令人放松的"- Relaxed"感到放松的"5.Go off  (1)."離開，走開"   (2)."爆炸，響"    (3)"變質(zhì)"= go bad6.Take up   (1) "拿起"   (2) "占據(jù)（時間、空間  （3）"開始從事"e.g.(1). Take up arms.  (2).The desk takes up too much room.  (3).When did you take up basketball?7.Be filled with-= Be full of-8.Boring "令人厭煩的"- Bored "感到厭煩的"e.g.(1)She is bored with her work  (2).This is a very boring film.9.Stress   n(壓力）;    vt.(著重，強調(diào)）e.g.He stressed the necessity of being punctual.10.Reduce- Increase  Be reduced/ increased to-  Be reduced/increased by-e.g.Costs will be reduced by 90%.11. Go on a diet "開始節(jié)食"(表示動作)  Be on a diet “在節(jié)食"(表示節(jié)食的狀態(tài)）12.Bear doing sth.= Stand doing sth.e.g. I can't bear staying up so late.13.Prefer A to B Prefer doing A to doing B Prefer to do A rather than do B= Would rather do A than do Be.g.(1)I prefer horse-riding to shooting.  (2)He preferred to die rather than steal.14.Be crowded with-e.g. The road is crowded with cars.15.Otherwise = ore.g.(1)You should go now, otherwise you'll miss the bus.  (2)He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.16. In the distance "在遠處"  at a distance "在稍遠處"e.g.(1)We saw a light in the distance.  (2)This picture looks better at a distance.17.at the moment "目前，此刻"  for the moment "目前，暫時"  in a moment "立刻，馬上"  The moment  + 從句 = The minute-=The instant -= immediadetely-= directly-=instantly-= as soon as-e.g. We hadn't met for 20 years but I recognized him the moment I saw him.18. Formal-informal  Text:1.(not)-until-e.g.(1)Don't get off the bus till/until it has stopped.  (2)I didn't finish my homework till/until 11:oo.  (3).Not until 11:00 did I finish my homework.  (4)It was not until 11:00 that I finished my homework.2.So that-既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句：“為了，以便于”（目的狀語從句中常常有情態(tài)動詞：can/could, may/might, will/y would), 也可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)狀語從句：“結(jié)果，因此”（結(jié)果狀語從        句中無情態(tài)動詞）e.g.(1)He turned the radio up so that everyone could hear the news.  (2)He turned the radio up, so that everyone heard the news.  (3)Speak clearly so that we can understand you.  (4)They took a taxi so that they could get there earlier.3.While-(1)"在-期間" (2)"而，卻"  (3)"雖然"=although-e.g.(1)Strike while the iron is hot.  (2)You like sports while I like reading.  (3)While I understand you, I don't agree with you.4.Get changed/hurt/ married/paid/ lost /dressed /separated5.Too much+ 不可數(shù)名詞，或者單獨使用，在句中作主語、賓語、表語、狀語 Much too +形容詞或者副詞 Too many + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞e.g.(1)Your words are too much for her.  (2)He walked much too fast for me to follow .  (3)She met too much trouble in her work.  (4)Don't let your child play too many puter games.6.Sb. spend some time/money on sth. Sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth. Sb pay (sb.) some money for sth. Sth. cost sb. some money/ energy /time. It takes sb. some time to do sth. = Sth. takes sb. some time to do.e.g. (1)She spends too much money on clothes.   (2)I paid her $20 for the dress.   (3)His careless driving cost him his life.   (4)It will take us 2 weeks to finish the work.7.(1)Does he know any other language besides English? (2)I have 3 other hats besides this one. (3)They all went to the cinema except Tom. (4)Your position is very good except for some spelling mistakes. (5)It's too late to go out now. Besides, it's starting to rain.8. an 800-word position  a 7-storey building  a 5-year plan  a 3-day festival  a 10-metre-long fence9.Take turns to do sth. =Let's do sth. in turn / by turns. in turn "依次，輪流",   "反過來" miss one's turn "錯過時機”e.g. Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.10.Prepare sth Prepare for sth. Prepare to do sth. = Make preparations to do sth. Be prepared to do sth. Be prepared for sth.e.g.(1) The teacher is preparing the terminal examination papers.  (2)The students are preparing for the ing exam.11. Make a mark  Be marked with-"表明著-"  Get full marks12.What do you think of-?  How do you like/ find-？13.In the east of-"在-的東部"( 在范圍之內(nèi)）  On the east of-"在-的東面"(接壤）  To the east of-"在-的東方"(在范圍之外，不相鄰）e.g.(1)Japan lies to the east of China in the east of Asia . It faces the Pacific on the east.  (2)East of the city lie 2 steel works.  (3)Nanjing lies on the Yangze River.14.Be tired of  (doing) sth."對-感到厭煩"  Be tired from (doing) sth. "因-而疲勞"15.(1) These textbooks are specially written for English beginners. (2) I usually have a hot bath, especially /particularly in the morning.16. In style"流行的”  Out of style "不流行的"17. In terms of-“在-方面”， “就-而言” a 18.As a result of-= because of-= owing to-=due to-=thanks to-  As a result, = Therefore, "因此，所以"  Result from-"因-而引起， 起因于-"  Result in-"導(dǎo)致，造成" = lead to / causee.g. The traffic accident resulted from his careless driving.   His careless driving resulted in the traffic accident.19.Make a difference”有所不同， 有影響，有關(guān)系"  Make no difference "沒有影響，沒有關(guān)系，沒有差別"e.g.(1) It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.  (2)Your help has made a big difference -I understand the work much better now.20.Ask sb. for advice  Give /offer sb. advice.  Take /follow one's advice  Advise doing sth. Advise sb (not) to do sth. Advise that-(從句中用should型的虛擬語氣）21e up with-"想出，提出” e out "出來，出版" e up "上來，發(fā)芽，被提出" e about "發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生" e acorss-"偶然遇到" e true "實現(xiàn)" e to an end e to onesel"蘇醒過來"e.g.(1)We shall try to e up with the solution to the problem.  (2)It's already 10:00. I wonder how it came about that she was 2 hours late on such a short trip.22.As well as-(就前原則）  As well "也”(肯定句，句末）  May /might as well do sth "不妨，還是-的好"e.g.(1) Peter as well as his friends likes to listen to music.  (2)She gave me money as well as clothes. = She gave me clothes, and money as well.23.Look forward to (one's) doing sth.e.g. The day we looked forward to came at last.24.Offer sb sth. for some money"以-錢把某物賣給某人"  Offer sb. some money for sth."出價-買某物"unit 21.In one's opinion = Personally: "在我看來", "就自己而言"2.Be equal to-"等于，能勝任"e.g. John is quite equal to the job of running the office.3.Struggle with/against-"同/向-作斗爭/搏斗" Struggle for-"為-而奮斗/斗爭" Struggle to one's feet "掙扎著站起來"e.g. She has been struggling with illness for years.4pete with/against sb "與某人競爭" pete for sth. "為爭奪某物而競爭"e.g. Many graduates are peting against each other for a job.5.Be keen on (doing) sth."熱衷于/喜歡做某事"6.It;s none of your business = Mind your own business "這不管你的事，少管閑事"7.On one's own "單獨地，獨自地"=alone/by oneself Of one's own "屬于某人自己的"e.g.I made this wardrobe all on my own.8.Give up doing sth "放棄做某事" Give in "屈服，讓步" Give away "贈送，泄露" Give off “散發(fā)出” Give out (1)"發(fā)出(vt) (2)"分發(fā)(vt) (3)"公布，發(fā)表"(vt) (4)"用完，耗盡"(vi)  (5)"筋疲力盡"(vi)9.Be/get involved in-"涉及到，卷入，參與-"e.g.If I were you, I wouldn't get involved in their problems.10.Have confidence in sb/sth "對-有信心"e.g.Don't lose confidence in yourself.11e to know/realize/understand-"(經(jīng)過一段時間）終于/逐漸-" The bill came to ￥500 . When it es to politics, I know nothing.12.Injure -"事故中受傷"  Wound-"戰(zhàn)爭中受到的槍/刀傷"  Hurt-"精神上/肉體上傷害"  Damage-"損壞/害（物體)"  Harm-"傷害(生物/抽象事物)"e.g.(1) Mike didn't play football yesterday because he had hurt his leg.  (2)The storm did great harm/damage to the crops.13.Be on the point of doing sth. = Be about to do sth. To the point Off the point    Text1.Calm "鎮(zhèn)靜的，風(fēng)平浪靜的" Quiet "安靜的" Still "靜止的，一動不動的" Silent "沉默的"e.g. Stand still while I'm taking a photo of you.2.(1)When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (2)As time went on, his theory proved to be correct. (3)Child as he is ,he knows a lot. (4)She is as beautiful a girl as her sister.3.separate- from-"分開" Divide-into-"把-劃分成-"e.g. The world is divided into 7 continents and 4 oceans.4.With + 賓語 + 賓補（adj,/adv./介詞短語/doing sth/to do sth/ done by sb)e.g.(1)With a lot of homework to do, he couldn't go to the cinema with them.  (2)With the homework done, he went out to play.  (3)_ production up by 60%, the pany has had another excellent year    A. For   B. With    C. Through5.Dozens of-= Scores of-"許多"但當score/dozen與具體數(shù)詞或many，several 等詞連用時，score/dozen用單數(shù)。Score后面加不加of均可。而dozen后面通常不加of.e.g.(1)He bought 3 dozen bottles of wine.  (2)There are 3 score (of) apples in the basket.  (3)Shortly after class, 3 dozen of the students of Class 4 were sent to give a good cleaning.6.Fight for-"為爭取-而戰(zhàn)"(自由，解放，權(quán)利) fight against-"為反對-而戰(zhàn)" Fight with-"與某人并肩戰(zhàn)斗，與某人戰(zhàn)斗/打架"e.g.(1)Do you always fight with/against your brother?  (2)Britain fought with France against Germany in World War 2.7.Agree with sb/what one said/one's idea/one's view/one's opinion/one's decision Agree to a plan/ a proposal/a program/ an arrangementAgree on sth. "就-取得一致意見，達成共識"注意：agree with -還可以表示：（1）"與-一致"  (2)"(氣候，食物)適合/應(yīng)"e.g.(1)The climate here doesn't agree with him.  (2)His words doesn't agree with his action.  (3)He pletely agreed with my view on politics.  (4)We agreed on the date for the meeting.8.Have an effect on -“對-有影響/起作用” Side effect9.Get over-“克服" Get out of-"從-中出來，擺脫" Get in "收割" Get rid of-"去除，擺脫"10.Get through-"通過（考試），完成，接通（電話)" Get sth across to sb "向某人講清楚"11.Happen to sb "偶然發(fā)生"  Happen to do sth."碰巧做某事"  Take place "發(fā)生，舉行（經(jīng)過安排的事情)"  It occurred to sb that-"突然想起"= It struck sb that -  How did it e about that -?"如何發(fā)生的？怎么回事？"12.Expect to do sth.  Expect sb to do sth  Expect that-e.g.(1)You did far better than expected.  (2).Don't expect too much of your child.13.Try to do sth  manage to do sth.unit 31.Celebrate +節(jié)日/生日/典禮/成功：“慶?！?#160;Congratulate sb on sth：“祝賀，恭喜” Congratulations to you on sth2.Include sb/sth：“包括-在內(nèi)”（整體的一部分） Including sb/sth = Sb/sth included Contain sth：“包含，含有”e.g.(1)Five students went there, including me.    Five students went there, me included.  (2)The book contains 40 maps, including that of Great Britain.3.Power：“權(quán)力，政權(quán)，（身體，心智）能力，電力，強國” Power failure Power station e into power：“上臺執(zhí)政”4.Serve the people heart and soul Serve in the army Serve as-：“充當，擔(dān)任” At your service：“聽你吩咐”5.Take part in- = Join in- = Participate in-：“參加某項活動” Join +”組織"（成為其中一員） Join sb in (doing) sth：“和某人一道做某事” Attend +”會議/婚禮/葬禮/上課/聽報告/儀式"e.g.(1)Mary took part in/joined in the game.  (2)Will you join us in playing basketball.   (3)Join the Party/ the League/the army/the club   (4)There was no one to attend on him but his brother.   (5)I have an urgent matter to attend to.6.Salary ”薪水，月薪"（腦力勞動者，管理工作者" Wages "周薪，按小時"（體力勞動者，地位較低人的工資）Pay ”薪金"（一般工作人員的工資或軍餉）7.Apply for-：“申請-” Apply to sb “向某人申請" Apply-to-：“把-運用到-”8.Seize/grasp/miss/lose the opportunity Take the opportunity to do sth ：“借此機會做某事”e.g.I'd like to take this opportunity to thank my collegues for their suppurt.9.Depend on sb for sth That/It (all) depends.e.g.All living things depends on the sun for their growth.10.The opening/closing ceremony.11.At the entrance to-  The invitation to the party  The key to success/the door  The attitude to sth  The answer to the question12.Contribute to-：“做貢獻，捐款，投稿，有助于”  Make contributions to-e.g.Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and high blood pressure13.Be linked with-：“與-有聯(lián)系”14.Put up ：“舉起，建造，張貼，投宿”  Put up with-  Put away ：“把-收起來”  Put down ：“放下，記下，寫下，鎮(zhèn)壓”  Put off  Put out  Put forward ：“提出”Put -aside ：“把-放到一邊”e.g.(1)He put up a map of China on the wall.  (2)She's got some money put away for her retirement.15.Carry on-：“繼續(xù)進行，堅持”  Carry out-：“開展，貫徹，執(zhí)行”e.g.I'll try to carry on the work in spite of difficulties.16.In a mess：“亂七八糟”  Make a mess of-：“把-搞得一塌糊涂”e.g.The husband plained that his wife had made a mess of their money.17.Ought to do sth  Oughtn't to do sth  Ought to have done sth  Oughtn't to have done sth  Text:1.It is said/believed/reported/thought/well-known that-e.g.(1)It's said that Tom got the 1st place.  (2)It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.2.Light  (vt)：“點燃，照亮” Lighted-Lighted -作謂語或前置定語 Lit-Lit-作謂語e.g.(1)He lit/lighted a candle and the candle lit/lighted the room.  (2)A lighted candle/cigarette3.Try to do sth：“努力/盡力去做（但未必會成功）” Try doing sth：“（用另一種方法）做某事試試看” Manage to do sthe.g.If you can't work it out, try doing it in another way.4.Go through-：“穿過，經(jīng)歷，仔細檢查” Go by ：“經(jīng)過，（時間）過去”5.Go to prison  Send sb to prison Put sb in prison Throw sb into prison6.While-=Although-e.g.(1)While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.   (2)While she is a likeable girl, she can be extremely difficult to work with.7.Even if=Even though-e.g.(1)Even if he can understand you, he won't follow your advice.   (2)Even if we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation.8.Marry sb：（瞬間動詞-不能與時段連用） Be married to sb (狀態(tài)-可與時間段連用） Get married to sb （動作-不能與時間段連用） Marry sb to sbe.g.(1)She has been married to a Mr. Wang for 10 years.  (2)They got married during the war.9.Be made of-（成品中能夠看出原料）Be made from- （成品中看不出原料）Be made out of-（成品中看出/看不出原料）Be made into- Be made up of-“由-組成/構(gòu)成”=Be posed of-=Consist of-e.g.(1)These wine bottles are made of glass.  (2)Paper is made from wood.  (3)Wood can be made into furniture.   (4)The crew of the plane are made up of 15 people.10.At the end of-：“在-末端/盡頭（時間或空間）  By the end of-：到-為止（與過去完成時或?qū)硗瓿蓵r連用）  In the end ：“最后，終于” =At laste.g.(1)We had finished Book 2 by the end of last term.  (2)We'll have finished the work by the end of next week.   (3)They won the game in the end.11.Put on （1）“穿上，戴上”（動作）  (2)”上演"  Wear （1）“穿著，戴著”（狀態(tài)）   （2）“佩戴（手表，首飾，花）”    （3）留（發(fā)型，胡須）    （3）“面帶（表情）”  Have on ”穿著，戴著（狀態(tài)，無進行時）"  Dress sb/oneself（動作）  Be dressed in-（狀態(tài)）e.g.(1)She wore an angry expression.  (2)The boy is old enough to dress himself.12.A bit  + adj./adv.= A little +adj./adv.  A bit of +(u)n.= A little + (u)n. Not a bit ：“根本不，一點兒也不” Not a little13.Be particular about-“對-挑剔（講究）”  In particular “尤其，特別”14.Make sb do sth-Be made to do sth  Have sb do sth  Let sb do sth  Get sb to do sth.e.g.(1)They were made to work day and night.  (2)Speak loudly to make yourself heard.15.Adapt  "改編/寫”    “適應(yīng)（環(huán)境）”: Adapt to-=adjust to-  Adopt “采納，收養(yǎng)”16.Have some/no difficulty (In) doing sth  Have some/no difficulty  with sthe.g.You can't imagine what difficuly we had _home in the snowstorm.  A. walked   B.walk   C.to walk    Walking17.It's time for sth  It's time (for sb) to do sth  It's time (that) sb did sth  Its time (that) sb should do sth18.In case +從句  In case of +短語  In that case= If that happense.g.(1)Please take an umbrella in case it rains.  (2)In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.19.Hit sb in the face  Pat sb on the shoulder  Lead sb by the hand20.Rob sb/s.p. of sth-sb/s.p.  Be robbed of sth.  Steal sth. from sb/s.p.  Pick one's pockete.g.(1)They robbed her of all her money.  (2)She told me that her camera was_   missed    robbed     lost   (3)She had her pocket picked