2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 寫作中的高級表達(dá) 妙記3 如何篩選靚麗詞匯學(xué)案

妙記3 如何篩選靚麗詞匯書面表達(dá)在英語高考中，擔(dān)負(fù)著區(qū)分考生、選拔人才的功能。對于學(xué)優(yōu)生來說，作文拿到四檔分?jǐn)?shù)僅是一個“平庸分”，很有可能與名校失之交臂，但五檔分?jǐn)?shù)又是把大多數(shù)考生擋在門外的一道檻。其實(shí)，四檔與五檔的差別是微小的，僅僅是一些細(xì)節(jié)的美化而已(參見下表對比展示)。在平時的訓(xùn)練中，考生應(yīng)注重抓一些細(xì)節(jié)，杜絕一些瑕疵，就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)由“完成”到“完美”的蛻變、由“四檔”到“五檔”的晉升。因?yàn)楸緯槍W(xué)優(yōu)生而編寫，所以其編寫定位起點(diǎn)高(重點(diǎn)講如何打造亮點(diǎn))，目標(biāo)高(直指五檔作文)。讓學(xué)優(yōu)生吃好吃飽、省時高效是本書的編寫定位。四檔作文與五檔作文評定對比表第四檔(1620分)第五檔(2125分)考綱表述完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。雖漏掉一兩個次重點(diǎn)，但覆蓋所有。應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能。語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確，些許錯誤主要是因嘗試較復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或。應(yīng)用語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。了預(yù)期的寫作目的。完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。覆蓋要點(diǎn)。應(yīng)用了的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或；具備較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力。使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。了預(yù)期的寫作目的。名師解讀1.如何理解“覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)”評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對考生所要求的“覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)”，就是要求考生在寫作時要認(rèn)真審題，確保要點(diǎn)“全而不漏”，要點(diǎn)全面是書面表達(dá)得高分的必要條件。2.如何理解“應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)”“較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)”就是指句式結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性。感嘆句、倒裝句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、定語從句、非謂語動詞短語等語法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確使用，可以使文章的語言充滿層次感，從而較好地反映出作者的語言運(yùn)用能力。3.如何理解“應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯”這里所說的“應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯”，是指詞匯使用的多樣性，如詞性的多樣性、高級詞匯的使用、同義詞與反義詞的使用、短語的使用等。4.如何理解“具備較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力”評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對考生所要求的語言得體，就是要求考生在表達(dá)時應(yīng)根據(jù)說話的對象、時間、地點(diǎn)、場合等選擇使用恰當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z語言，尤其是不同體裁和題材的文章對用語方面有著不同的要求。5.如何理解“有效地使用了語句間的連接成分”一篇優(yōu)秀的書面表達(dá)應(yīng)該能做到段與段、句與句之間以一種明晰的、合乎邏輯的順序組織與安排，在文章與結(jié)構(gòu)上層次分明、條理清楚、連貫流暢。閱卷時，一篇高考作文往往在1分鐘內(nèi)就被判定生死，大眾化的詞匯、平庸的表達(dá)已使長時間工作的閱卷老師產(chǎn)生了視覺疲勞。在詞匯方面：如果一篇作文中突然出現(xiàn)幾個與眾不同、讓人眼前一亮的詞匯，能迅速激起閱卷老師的興奮點(diǎn)，贏得閱卷老師的好感，這是作文得高分的必備點(diǎn)。熟記四組靚點(diǎn)詞匯讓表達(dá)更鮮更靚本部分英漢對照，主要是便于背誦。使用時先把右列的詞匯、例句等反復(fù)讀熟，然后把右列遮住，看著左邊的漢語提示來翻譯背誦。第一組名詞及名詞短語1.例句現(xiàn)在你們有一個好機(jī)會，可以大大增進(jìn)對彼此的了解。Now you have an opportunity to develop a greater understanding of each other.2.例句有4個基本的選項(xiàng)，簡述如下。There are four basic alternatives; they are described briefly below.3.例句所有學(xué)校都設(shè)有音樂和舞蹈課。All the schools have music and dancing classes as parts of the curriculum.4.例句他們稱他們預(yù)期這次會議會對國家的未來產(chǎn)生顯著影響。They say they expect the meeting to have a marked impact on the future of the country.5.例句如果氣候變化繼續(xù)下去，我們將自食其果。If climate changes continue, we will suffer the consequences.6.例句這種方法的缺點(diǎn)之一是必須把單詞預(yù)先存儲在系統(tǒng)中。One drawback of this approach is that the words must be registered in the system beforehand.7.例句我們將探索收集信息的不同方法。We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.8.例句在這類職業(yè)中，只有20%的崗位是由女性擔(dān)任的。Only 20 percent of jobs in the professions are held by women.9.例句家庭中的每個成員都會互相幫助，特別是照顧好年輕人和老年人。Members of a family help one another, with particular care for the very young and the elderly.10.例句激發(fā)這些年輕人的不是對成就的渴望，而是對失敗的擔(dān)心。These youngsters are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure.第二組動詞及動詞短語1.例句他喜歡踢足球，這是他最喜歡的運(yùn)動。對癡迷例句我對那里發(fā)生的事情都非常感興趣。He is fond of playing football, which is his favourite.be crazy aboutI'm crazy about everything that goes on there.2.例句就我而言，我堅定地認(rèn)為游客的數(shù)量應(yīng)得到限制，理由如下。As for me, I'm firmly convinced that the number of tourists should be limited for the following reasons.3.例句許多人開始意識到鍛煉的重要性。我深知這是一份艱難的工作。Many people are becoming aware of the importance of exercising.I am well aware that this is a tough job.4.例句請告訴我那邊的情況。Please keep me informed of what's going on there.5.例句幾天前我在你的店鋪買了一部手機(jī)。I purchased a cellphone at your store the other day.6.例句更糟的是，暴力電子游戲可能導(dǎo)致進(jìn)攻性行為，這比暴力電影更有害。導(dǎo)致結(jié)果例句緊張和疲勞常導(dǎo)致失眠。What's worse, violent video games can lead to aggressive behaviours, which is more harmful than violent movies.result inStress and tiredness often result in sleeplessness.7.例句所有的游客被要求不能在公園內(nèi)亂扔垃圾。All the visitors were requested not to throw litter about in the park.8.例句我主張我們?nèi)巳硕紤?yīng)該盡力幫助那些需要幫助的人。指出例句許多專家指出體育鍛煉直接有助于身體健康。I argue that every one of us (should) try our best to help those in need.point outMany experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.9.例句或許我們能想到這個問題的更好的解決辦法。Maybe we can come up with a better solution to the problem.10.例句我真誠地感激您所做的一切。因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰惚磉_(dá)我的感激之情例句對您的好意我謹(jǐn)表示我的謝意。感激(某人)做例句我非常感謝你花這么多時間幫助我。我衷心感謝你為我和我家人所做的一切。I am truly grateful to you for what you have done.express my gratitude to you for .I'd like to express my gratitude for your kindness.appreciate (one's) doing/that/sth.I appreciate your giving me so much of your time.I really appreciate what you've done for my family and me.11.例句希望全班同學(xué)參加討論。參與，熱衷于例句你應(yīng)當(dāng)參與各種各樣的活動。Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.get involved in (an activity)You should get involved in various activities.12.例句將有20名學(xué)生參加英語演講比賽。There will be twenty students to compete in the English speech contest.13.例句我們將竭盡全力以趕上發(fā)達(dá)的工業(yè)國家。We'll spare no effort to catch up with the developed industrial countries.14.例句他把業(yè)余時間都用在讀書上。He devotes all his spare time to reading.15.例句我們應(yīng)該做出努力來徹底解決這個問題。We should make an attempt to thoroughly solve this problem.16.例句我決心要不惜一切代價來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。下定決心做某事例句聽了他的報告后，我想了很多，反思了以前我所做的事情。我已經(jīng)下定決心從以下幾個方面來提高自己。I'm determined to achieve my goal at any cost.make up one's mind to do sth.Having heard his report, I thought a lot and reflected on what I did before. I have made up my mind to improve myself in the following ways.17.例句他們用水只能依靠這條河。相信我會全心全意地幫助你。They have to rely on the river for their water.You can count on me to help you heart and soul.18.例句我在生人面前總是不知要說什么。I am always at a loss what to say in front of strangers.19.例句就我所知，他們每一個人都想成為一名模范學(xué)生。So far as I know, every one of them intends to be a model student.第三組形容詞及形容詞性短語1.例句體育運(yùn)動有益于增強(qiáng)我們的體質(zhì)。有益的；值得做的例句眾所周知，學(xué)好英語是有好處的。Sports are beneficial to building our bodies.rewardingAs is known to us all, learning English well is very rewarding.2.例句他是一位杰出的科學(xué)家，對我國做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。例句你的發(fā)音很完美，這令人羨慕。極好的例句“你要來么？”他激動地說：“那太好了！簡直難以置信！”He is an outstanding scientist, who has made a great contribution to our country.Your pronunciation is perfect, which is admirable.fantastic“You're coming？” he said excitedly. “That's fantastic! That's incredible！”3.例句他是一個普通的學(xué)生，但是做了許多好事。He is an average student, but he did many good deeds.4.例句每年成千上萬的游客都會涌入這個景區(qū)來欣賞這里美麗的風(fēng)景。Hundreds of thousands of tourists pour into this scenic spot to admire the amazing scenery every year.5.例句聽到這個好消息后我非常興奮。I was thrilled when I heard the good news.6.例句我的同桌是一個動人的、文雅的女孩。My deskmate is a charming and elegant girl7.例句我的薪水不夠維持一家的生活。My salary is not adequate to support our family.8.例句改變這種情形需要每個人付出很大的努力。Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.9.例句她是一個勤奮的老師，她工作非常勤奮。She is a diligent teacher and she is diligent in her work.10.例句老師的鼓勵對他/她的學(xué)生具有重要意義。對至關(guān)重要，關(guān)鍵的例句學(xué)好英語對你未來就業(yè)至關(guān)重要。Encouragement from a teacher is really of great significance/importance to his/her students.be critical/vital toLearning English well is critical/vital to your future employment.11.例句這本書對你會有很大用處。This book will be of great use to you.12.例句所獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)對我們有很大價值。The experience gained will be of great value to us.13.例句這項(xiàng)工程對每個人都大有好處。This project is of great benefit to everyone.14.例句你的建議對我很有幫助。Your suggestions are of great help to me.15.例句他來自一個偏遠(yuǎn)的村莊。He is from a distant/remote village.16.例句這是一個要求極嚴(yán)的、具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作。It's a demanding and challenging job.17.例句越來越多的人開始意識到教育不能隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束。許多例句許多學(xué)生反對這個主意。很多，非常多例句這個圖書館有相當(dāng)多英語書。An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.many aMany a student is against the idea.a good manyThere are a good many English books in the library.18.例句自然保護(hù)區(qū)里有許多不同種類的珍稀動植物。范圍廣的，種類多的例句你有很大的選擇余地。There are a wide variety of rare animals and plants in the nature reserve.a wide range ofThere is a wide range of choices open to you.19.例句學(xué)習(xí)了一天，我都累壞了。筋疲力盡的；疲憊不堪的例句夜里沒有休息好，課堂上我感到筋疲力盡。I was worn out after a day of studying.exhaustedNot sleeping well, I always feel exhausted in class.20.例句她精力充沛，聰明活潑。She is energetic, intelligent and lively.第四組副詞、連詞及其他1.例句我的手機(jī)非常有用。特別地例句約翰似乎特別喜歡她。蘇珊和約翰對于獲得這個獎項(xiàng)感到興奮不已。My mobile phone is extremely useful.especially/particularlyJohn seems to be particularly fond of her.Susan and John were especially thrilled with this award.2.例句如果有什么我能為你做的，我將非常樂意幫忙。If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.3.例句我們偶爾去田野里散步。偶爾，有時候例句他偶爾來我們房中閑談。We go for walks in the fields occasionally.once in a whileHe comes to our room for a chat every once in a while.4.例句不用說它對我們的健康是有好處的。It goes without saying that it will do us a lot of good.5.例句面積大概有一百平方千米。The area is approximately 100 square kilometers.6.也例句我喜歡踢足球，也喜歡游泳。I like playing football and I enjoy swimming as well.7.例句我們的人口在增長，因此我們需要更多的食物。他很忙，因此他不能來。We have a growing population and therefore we need more food.He was busy; therefore he could not come. (therefore前要用分號)8.例句抓住這個機(jī)會，否則你會后悔的。Seize the chance, otherwise/or else you'll regret it.9.例句第三，你們說如果我提前付費(fèi)的話就可以給我打折。假如不下雨我就去。Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided/providing (that) I pay in advance.I shall go providing/provided (that) it doesn't rain.10.例句這次比賽不僅職業(yè)運(yùn)動員可以參加，而且業(yè)余運(yùn)動員也可以參加。The tournament is open to amateurs as well as professionals.11.例句作為中學(xué)生，我們在學(xué)校應(yīng)該衣著整潔。As high school students, we are supposed to be neatly dressed when at school.12.例句大多數(shù)被采訪者寧愿待在家里看電視也不愿去看電影。The majority of the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.13.例句因?yàn)槲鼰煹木壒?，我父親經(jīng)常咳嗽。所以；因此(副詞)例句雨很大，所以路被淹沒了。As a consequence of smoking, my father coughs frequently.consequentlyThe rain was heavy, and consequently the road was flooded.14.例句他全神貫注地想心事，以至于和一個行人撞了個滿懷。忙于(做)某事例句我每天都忙于日常的工作。他忙于照料三個小孩。He was so absorbed in thought that he ran against a passer­by.be occupied with sth./in doing sth.I am fully occupied with my daily work.He's fully occupied in looking after the three little children.15.例句我想把幾天前說到的那位紳士介紹給你們。I would like to introduce to you the gentleman whom I spoke of the other day.16.例句走了10英里之后，我們都累了。After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.- 14 -