（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 一 細(xì)節(jié)推斷題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版

一、細(xì)節(jié)推斷題(2019·江蘇，C)WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine？Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeoplesopinions.However，theyhaverealimpacts，astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology) revolution，representedbytheInternet，hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso“yesterday”thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin“post-industrialsociety”hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造業(yè))，withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly，thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe“digitaldivide”betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion，however，iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells，extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeopleslivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages.Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant，butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Inyetanotherexample，afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina“borderlessworld”.Asaresult，inthelasttwentyyearsorso，manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress，goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld，manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital，labourandgoods，withpoorresults.Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies，bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels，andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However，ourfascinationwiththelatest，andourunder-valuationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon，can，andhas，ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.語(yǔ)篇解讀對(duì)于新科技作用的誤判可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)人們對(duì)已有的技術(shù)的認(rèn)識(shí)和使用，影響對(duì)社會(huì)的認(rèn)知。61.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto.A.alackofconfidenceintechnologyBaslowprogressintechnologyC.aconflictorpublicopinionsD.awasteoflimitedresources答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“However，theyhaverealimpacts，astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.”可知，對(duì)于新技術(shù)影響的誤判導(dǎo)致了對(duì)于稀缺資源的誤用，故選D。62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould.A.takepeoplesessentialneedsintoaccountB.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeopleC.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupportD.providemoreaffordableInternetfacilities答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thequestion，however，iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells，extendingelectricitynetworksand.inruralvillages.”可知，作者想通過(guò)事例說(shuō)明捐贈(zèng)者應(yīng)該考慮人們的基本要求，而不要片面地認(rèn)為有了高科技產(chǎn)品，受贈(zèng)者的生活水平就會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大飛躍。故本題答案為A。63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，隨著通信和交通運(yùn)輸技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們認(rèn)為我們生活在一個(gè)“無(wú)國(guó)界的世界”，由此許多政府取消了一些必要的規(guī)則，故本題答案為B。64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.答案B解析推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“However，ourfascination.wrongdirections.”可知，我們對(duì)于最新技術(shù)的入迷，和對(duì)于已經(jīng)普遍存在的技術(shù)作用的低估會(huì)將我們引向錯(cuò)誤的方向，即傳統(tǒng)的技術(shù)在當(dāng)今仍有著重要的作用。故B項(xiàng)符合文意。一、題型解讀細(xì)節(jié)推斷題要求考生根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷?？忌挥姓_把握文章的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，理解文章的真正含義，才可能作出準(zhǔn)確的推斷。題干主要包括六個(gè)動(dòng)詞：infer(推斷)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(作出結(jié)論)和assume(假定，設(shè)想)。該類型的命題方式常常以下列形式呈現(xiàn)：1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.4.The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that .二、解題技巧關(guān)鍵詞句細(xì)推敲第一步：定位細(xì)節(jié)根據(jù)題干提供的信息，抓住某一段話的關(guān)鍵信息(關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ))。第二步：揣摩細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)原文中的信息進(jìn)行分析，推理判斷，利用逆向思維和正向推理，從而推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。注意：1.切勿拿文章中的某一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容作為推理的結(jié)論。2.勿脫離原文而憑個(gè)人看法主觀臆斷。例如：【真題感悟】中的第62題：根據(jù)第四段中的“Thequestion，however，iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells，extendingelectricitynetworksand.inruralvillages.”可知，作者想通過(guò)事例說(shuō)明捐贈(zèng)者應(yīng)該考慮人們的基本要求，而不要片面地認(rèn)為有了高科技產(chǎn)品，受贈(zèng)者的生活水平就會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大飛躍。故本題答案為A。AThisweek，amammoth(猛犸象) possiblykilledbyhumans10,000to15,000yearsagowasfoundinsoyfieldsabout50mileswestofDetroit.ItwasfoundbyfarmerJamesBristleandhisneighborTrentSatterthwaite，whowerereportedlydigginginthefield.Atfirst，theycouldnt1figureoutwhattheywereseeing.“Itwasprobablyaribbonethatcameup，”BristletellsAnnArborNews.“Wethoughtitwasabentfence9post.”Uponcloser6inspection，however，itbecamecleareventountrainedeyesthiswasnofencepost.“Weknewitwassomethingspecial.”Thentheyspedupthedig.AfterfindingthebonesMondaynight，BristlecalledtheUniversityofMichiganTuesdaymorningtoreporthisfind.ScientistDanielFisherarrivedtoinspectitWednesday，andbyThursdaymorninghehad2confirmeditsawoollymammoth.Heconcludestheanimalwasabout40yearsoldwhenitdied.Itwashuntedbyhumans，hesays，whokilleditandstoredtheremainsinapondasawayof7preservingthemeatforfutureuse.Its4stilltooearlytotellexactlyhowitdied，F(xiàn)ishertellsDetroitsWWJ-TV，“buttheskeletonshowedsignsofhumansbutchering.”11Thebonesarebeing3temporarilystorednearby，accordingtotheFreePress，anditremainsunclearwheretheylleventuallyendup.Theirresearchvaluewillbedeterminedoncetheyvebeencleanedanddried.WoollymammothsoncelivedinEurasiaandNorthAmerica，andmostdisappearedby10,000yearsagoademise(終止) thathasbeenlinkednotonlytohumans，butalsotochangingclimate.Itsnowbelievedthatwarmingweather8weakenedtheirpopulationsbeforehumansdealtthefinalblows.語(yǔ)篇解讀一位農(nóng)民及其鄰居在底特律附近的地里發(fā)現(xiàn)了猛犸象的尸骨，跡象表明它們是被人類捕殺的?？茖W(xué)家們對(duì)此正在進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究。1.HowdidJamesBristleandhisneighborfindwhattheyfoundatfirst?A.Itsdelicate.B.Itsold.C.Itsunique.D.Itsworthless.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句“Itwasprobablyaribbonethatcameup，BristletellsAnnArborNews.Wethoughtitwasabentfencepost.”可知，JamesBristle和他鄰居認(rèn)為最早發(fā)現(xiàn)的猛犸象的肋骨是一根彎曲的柵欄柱子，沒(méi)有什么價(jià)值。故選D。2.Whatcanweknowaboutthemammothaccordingtothetext?A.Itmightdieinits40s.B.ItwasnativetoEurasia.C.Itpreferredwalkinginthefields.D.Itmainlydiedfromclimatechange.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Heconcludestheanimalwasabout40yearsoldwhenitdied.”可知，這頭猛犸象死時(shí)大約40歲。故選A。3.WhichisDanielFishersopinion?A.Thebonesarewellworthstudying.B.Themammothwaskilledbyabutcher.C.Thenewfoundsitehasevidenceofhumanactivity.D.Itsunclearwhethertheboneswereamammoths.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Itwashuntedbyhumans，hesays，whokilleditandstoredtheremainsinapondasawayofpreservingthemeatforfutureuse.”和最后一句中的“.buttheskeletonshowedsignsofhumansbutchering.”可知，DanielFisher認(rèn)為發(fā)現(xiàn)猛犸象的地方以前有人類活動(dòng)的痕跡。故選C。4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphmean?A.Driedtheirbones.B.Tooktheirlives.C.Destroyedtheirhome.D.Preservedtheirmeat.答案B解析句意猜測(cè)題。此處指現(xiàn)在人們相信在人類對(duì)它們進(jìn)行最后的打擊之前，氣候變暖使猛犸象的數(shù)量減少了。人類的最后打擊指人類對(duì)猛犸象的大量捕殺。故選B。BBarcelonasfamousSegradaFamiliaisfinallysettogetabuildinglicence，137yearsafterworkonthestilluncompletedchurchbegan.12ConstructionontheUNESCOWorldHeritagebasilica(長(zhǎng)方形基督教堂)，whichisBarcelonasmostvisitedtouristattraction，beganin1882basedonadesignbyarchitectFranciscoLozano.However，whenhesteppeddown，architectAntoniGauditookoverthedesignin1883.Thebuildingwontbefinisheduntil2026onehundredyearsafterthearchitectwaskilledbyastreetcarinthecity.HisbodywasburiedinaroomundertheflooroftheSagradaFamilia.Togetitspaperworkrubber10stamped，thechurchauthoritieshaveagreedtofinallypaythegovernmenta36millionfeeforabuildingpermit.Gaudiwastoldtogetthepaperworkprocessed，butthearchitectfailedtodosoproceedingwithconstructionregardless.Themoneyfromthechurchspermitwillbeusedtoupgradetransportlinksandbeautifythearea.GaudiandhisworkshavebecomesymbolsofBarcelona，thecapitalcityofCatalonia，northeastSpain.GaudiplayedanactiveroleindirectingtheconstructionoftheSagradaFamiliauntilhisdeathin1926.Hewouldoftenrequestthatworkbemodifiedandadjusteduntilitwasexactlywhathehadinmind.However，5interpretationofthedesignsbypresentdayarchitectsisparticularlychallengingbecauseofthenatureoftheexistingdesigns.TheunfinishedbuildingiscalledamasterpieceofGothicarchitectureanditisperhapsthemostuniqueandmysteriousbuildinginthestyleeverconstructed.Thepopularityofthesitewithtouristshashelpedfundthepushtocompletethechurchandpayforthepaperwork.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了巴塞羅那著名的Segrada Familia教堂終于獲得了建筑許可。這座137年前開(kāi)始建造的尚未完工的教堂又開(kāi)始動(dòng)工了。5.WhatdoweknowabouttheSegradaFamilia?A.Ithasbeencompletelyconstructed.B.ItwasfirstdesignedbyAntoniGaudi.C.Itwillgetabuildingpermitin2026.D.Itbegantobebuilt137yearsago.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“BarcelonasfamousSegradaFamiliaisfinallysettogetabuildinglicence，137yearsafterworkonthestilluncompletedchurchbegan.”可知，SegradaFamilia始建于137年前。故選D。6.WhatcanweinferaboutAntoniGaudi?A.Hewishedtobeburiedinthechurch.B.Heisrememberedasagreatarchitect.C.Hedidntknowapermitwasnecessary.D.Heistoblamefortheunfinishedchurch.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“GaudiandhisworkshavebecomesymbolsofBarcelona，thecapitalcityofCatalonia，northeastSpain.”和第四段第一句“GaudiplayedanactiveroleindirectingtheconstructionoftheSagradaFamiliauntilhisdeathin1926.”可推知，AntoniGaudi是一位偉大的建筑師。故選B。7.WhatmakestheSegradaFamiliasopopular?A.Itsunusualdesignstyle.B.Itstwofamousarchitects.C.Itsspecialbuildingmaterials.D.Itsillegalconstructionpaperwork.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“TheunfinishedbuildingiscalledamasterpieceofGothicarchitectureanditisperhapsthemostuniqueandmysteriousbuildinginthestyleeverconstructed.”可知，獨(dú)特的設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格讓SegradaFamilia大受歡迎。故選A。8.Thechurchmanagedtopayforthelicence.A.inthesupportofthegovernmentB.byreducingconstructioncostsC.withtheaidoftouristincomeD.throughdonationsfromarchitects答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，該座教堂沒(méi)有建筑許可證。再根據(jù)最后一段的末句“Thepopularityofthesitewithtouristshashelpedfundthepushtocompletethechurchandpayforthepaperwork.”可知，教堂通過(guò)旅游收入來(lái)支付建筑許可證的費(fèi)用。故選C。.障礙詞匯突破(一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測(cè)畫線部分的意思1.Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigureouthowtostarttheequipment.弄清2.Toconfirmtheresults，hemadecalculationsbasedonhisowndata，whoseresultswerealmostthesame.v.確認(rèn)3.Thedailyflighttothecityhasbeentemporarilydelayedbecauseoftheearthquake.adv.暫時(shí)地4.Thesun，atleast，sofarasweareconcerned，isstandingstill.adj.靜止的5.Itsdifficulttoputanaccurateinterpretationonthesurveyresultswithoutenoughreference.n.解釋(二)同義詞語(yǔ)替換6.OnarrivalinAustraliayoumustdeclareallfood，plantmaterialandanimalproductsforinspectiontoensuretheyarefreeofpestsanddiseases.check7.Thesocietywassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfromextinction.protect8.Frequentlycheckingyourmessagesandmicroblogscanweakenyourconcentrationandproductivity.reduce(三)一詞多義9.postv.發(fā)帖子n.柱子；帖子；職位v.&n.郵寄(1)Asaresult，youllreceiveyourbookthroughthepost.n.郵寄(2)Myfatherhasheldfull-timeteachingpostsatseveraluniversities.n.職位(3)Belowisamessageandsomeresponsesthatarepostedonahealthwebsite.v.發(fā)帖子(4)Eddieparkedhiscycleagainstalamppostandlockedit.n.柱子10.stampn.郵票；印，章v.蓋章；跺腳(1)Itsamazingthathepossessessuchalargecollectionofstamps.n.郵票(2)Hestampedhisnameonallhisbookstokeeptrack.v.蓋章(3)Chinesepaintingsgenerallyhavecalligraphicinscriptionsintheformofpoetryandaspecialstamp.n.印，章(4)Inordertokeepwarm，westampedourfeetconstantly.v.跺腳.長(zhǎng)難句理解11.Thebonesarebeingtemporarilystorednearby，accordingtotheFreePress，anditremainsunclearwheretheylleventuallyendup.句式分析本句為并列句。and前謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是arebeingstored，是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；and后面主句為itremainsunclear，其中it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是where引導(dǎo)的從句。精美譯文據(jù)自由媒體報(bào)道，這些骨頭被暫時(shí)存放在附近，但還不清楚它們最終會(huì)去哪兒。12.ConstructionontheUNESCOWorldHeritagebasilica(長(zhǎng)方形基督教堂)，whichisBarcelonasmostvisitedtouristattraction，beganin1882basedonadesignbyarchitectFranciscoLozano.句式分析本句為復(fù)合句，主語(yǔ)是construction，謂語(yǔ)是began。which引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞basilica。basedon.作狀語(yǔ)，表示“以為依據(jù)”。精美譯文被列為聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)的大教堂(長(zhǎng)方形基督教堂)是巴塞羅那最受歡迎的旅游景點(diǎn)，它始建于1882年，根據(jù)建筑師弗朗西斯科·洛扎諾的設(shè)計(jì)建造。強(qiáng)化練(十九).單項(xiàng)填空1.Thoughourfootballboysarefacedwithfourgoalsbehind，theyarestillstrugglinghardinthefieldto.(2019·南徐鹽常四市聯(lián)考)A.facethemusicB.savefaceC.costtheirarmandlegD.landontheirfeet答案B解析考查習(xí)語(yǔ)。facethemusic勇于承擔(dān)后果；saveface挽回顏面，保住面子；costtheirarmandleg付出巨大代價(jià)；landontheirfeet逢兇化吉。句意為：我們的足球隊(duì)落后四個(gè)球，但隊(duì)員們?nèi)栽谇驁?chǎng)上努力挽回面子。根據(jù)“fourgoalsbehind”及“stillstrugglinghard”判斷此處表示“挽回顏面”，故B項(xiàng)正確。2.Asaresultofisnowknowninphysicsandchemistry，scientistshavebeenabletomakeimportantdiscoveriesinbiologyandmedicine.(2019·蘇州八校高三聯(lián)考)A.whatB.itC.whichD.that答案A解析考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意為：由于目前在物理學(xué)和化學(xué)上已知的知識(shí)的原因，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠在生物學(xué)和醫(yī)藥上取得重要發(fā)現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作of的賓語(yǔ)，且從句中缺乏主語(yǔ)，故用連接代詞，故選A。which表示在范圍內(nèi)的某一個(gè)，本句沒(méi)有范圍，故排除。3.Afterintomorethan50languages，SpongeBobSquarePants，alsosimplyasSpongeBobhasearnednumerousawardsincludingfourEmmyAwards.(2019·江蘇江都、華羅庚等中學(xué)聯(lián)考)A.translating；beingreferredtoB.havingbeentranslated；referringtoC.translated；referringtoD.beingtranslated；referredto答案D解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：在被翻譯成50多種語(yǔ)言后，SpongeBobSquarePants，又名海綿寶寶，贏得了包括四次艾美獎(jiǎng)在內(nèi)的眾多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。介詞after后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，SpongeBobSquarePants與translate之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且被翻譯成多種語(yǔ)言和獲獎(jiǎng)幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，沒(méi)有明顯的先后順序，所以第一空用being translated，SpongeBobSquarePants與refer to之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，所以第二空用referred to，故D項(xiàng)正確。4.Iwonderwhatmakesyouagoodsalesperson.Iasawaiterforthreeyears，whichcontributesalottomytodayswork.A.serveB.haveservedC.hadservedD.served答案D解析考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：我想知道什么使你成為一個(gè)好的銷售員。我當(dāng)了三年服務(wù)員，這對(duì)我現(xiàn)在的工作很有幫助。根據(jù)句意，做服務(wù)員是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，因此才說(shuō)對(duì)現(xiàn)在銷售員的工作產(chǎn)生很多幫助，用過(guò)去時(shí)即可，故選D。5.Theinfrastructureprojecthasconsumedsomuchmoneythatwecantfindanyfinancialsupportandhaveto.(2019·南徐鹽常四市聯(lián)考)A.pulloutB.pullthroughC.catchupD.catchon答案A解析考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。pullout離開(kāi)，撤離；pullthrough渡過(guò)難關(guān)；catchup趕上；catchon變得流行。句意為：這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目花費(fèi)了太多的錢，我們找不到資金支持，只好撤出。故A項(xiàng)正確。6.Thelatestsurvey，bytheforeigncompany，foundthatmorethan12%teenagerswanttoworkaspilotswhentheygrowup.A.tobeconductedB.beingconductedC.conductedD.havingconducted答案C解析根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知bytheforeigncompany作定語(yǔ)，修飾Thelatestsurvey，Thelatestsurvey和conduct是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。7.Theresultisduetobeannouncedtomorrow.Whyyouknowitnow?A.canB.mightC.needD.must答案D解析句意為：預(yù)計(jì)明天公布結(jié)果。你為什么偏要現(xiàn)在知道呢？must“偏要，非要”符合語(yǔ)境?！癢hymustyou.？”為常用句型，表示“為什么你非要？”，用以告訴某人其舉止令人生氣或困擾。can能，會(huì)；might可能；need需要。8.Anyoffendershallbebroughtbackandbroughttojusticehe/shemayfleeabroad.A.incaseB.evenifC.nowthatD.ifonly答案B解析句意為：任何違法者都必須被抓回國(guó)內(nèi)并且對(duì)其進(jìn)行法律制裁，即使他/她可能潛逃到國(guó)外了。incase以防萬(wàn)一；evenif即使；nowthat既然；ifonly要是就好了。故選B。9.HowcomeyourmothercanreadbooksinGerman?Well，sheonaprojectwithsomeGermanengineersfortwoyearswhenshewasyoung.A.worksB.workedC.wasworkingD.wouldwork答案B解析根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)whenshewasyoung可知主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，排除A、D項(xiàng)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，她現(xiàn)在不再和德國(guó)工程師共事，只是強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的一個(gè)事實(shí)，排除C項(xiàng)，使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。10.IfeelsonervousabouttheNationalEnglishSpeechCompetitiontomorrow.A.IreallyenvyyouB.GladtohearthatC.SoundsgreatD.Takeiteasy答案D解析Ireallyenvyyou我真的很嫉妒你；Gladtohearthat很高興聽(tīng)到這些；Soundsgreat聽(tīng)起來(lái)很不錯(cuò)；Takeiteasy別著急，慢慢來(lái)。根據(jù)上文“IfeelsonervousabouttheNationalEnglishSpeechCompetitiontomorrow.”可知，對(duì)方因?yàn)橐獏⒓用魈斓娜珖?guó)英語(yǔ)演講比賽而感到緊張，所以說(shuō)話者要安慰對(duì)方，讓對(duì)方放松下來(lái)。.閱讀理解ACarve，thecountrysfirstskateboardingmagazine，islookingforapublishingassistanttohelpwithproductionofthisaward-winningpublication.Youmustbesomeonewithideas，energyandenthusiasm；someonewithapassionforgrammar，spellingandcreative，originalcontent；someonewhoshappytogetstuckinandworkcloselywithaunited，committedteam.Youneedtofeelcomfortableaboutworkingtotightdeadlinesandrealenthusiasmforskatingwontgoastray(走錯(cuò)方向) either.Responsibilities：·Creatingandresearchingstoryideas·Conductingmediamonitoring (printandonline)·Subeditingandproofreading·Respondingtocustomerenquiries·Communicatingwithfeaturecontributors·Dataentry·Assistingwithlayoutsandpagination(頁(yè)碼編定)·Pictureeditinganduploading·UpdatingthemagazinewebsiteanduploadingcontentintoCMS·Assistingwithmarketingoperations·AssistingwithsubscriptionanddatabasemanagementRequirements：·Tertiary(大學(xué)的) qualificationsinEnglish，communicationsorediting/publishing·Excellentoralandwrittenlanguageskills·Excellentinterviewingandresearchskills·Solideditingandproofreadingskills·Abilitytoprioritizeandmultitask·WillingnesstobeahighlymotivatedandcommittedteammemberIfyouthinkyouvegottherightstuffforthisexcitingroleinpublishing，sendyourresumeandcoverlettertoRexClayton，ChiefEditor：rex.clayton.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，內(nèi)容有關(guān)出版助理招聘。文章主要介紹了職責(zé)、職位要求和應(yīng)聘方式。11.WhatisthepublishingassistantexpectedtodoinCarve?A.Seeksponsorsforthemagazine.B.Providerelevantcustomerservice.C.Collectstoriesforfeaturecontributors.D.Takechargeofthedatabasemanagement.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Responsibilities部分中的“Respondingtocustomerenquiries”可知，出版助理的職責(zé)之一是為顧客提供相關(guān)服務(wù)。故選B。12.Whichisrequiredofthepublishingassistant?A.Beingabletogettheprioritiesright.B.Masteringseveraldifferentlanguages.C.Havingricheditingexperience.D.Havingagreataffectionforskating.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分中的“Abilitytoprioritize”可知，出版助理需要能夠分清事情的輕重緩急。故選A。B(2019·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三學(xué)情調(diào)查)InFlorida，agroupofparentsknownas“thebreakmoms”hasbeenfightingtopassalawguaranteeingthestateselementary-schoolstudentsatleast20minutesofdailyfreeplay.Inasurveyofschool-districtadministrators，roughlyathirdsaidtheirdistrictshadreducedoutdoorplayintheearly2000s.Disadvantagedkidshavebeenthemostlikelytobeshortchanged (克扣).Accordingtoa2003study，just56percentofchildrenlivingatorbelowthepovertylinehadbreak，comparedwith83percentofthoseabovethepovertylineasimilardisparity(差異) existedbetweenblackchildrenandtheirwhitepeers.Thebenefitsofbreakmightseemobvioustimetorunaroundhelpskidsstayfit.Butalargebodyofresearchsuggeststhatitalsopromotescognition (認(rèn)知).Manystudieshavefoundthatregularexerciseimprovesmentalfunctionandacademicperformance.Andananalysisofstudiesthatfocusedspecificallyonbreakfoundpositiveassociationsbetweenphysicalactivityandtheabilitytoconcentrateinclass.Inoneseriesofexperiments，researcherscontrolledbreakstarttimes.Somedayschildrenwereletoutat10am，andotherdaysat1030.Thekidsattentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak，andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.Andwhenfourth-gradersinabreak-freeschoolweregivenaweeklybreak.Anothergroupofresearchersfoundthattheyhadaneasiertimestayingontaskandweremuchlessrestless.Theseexperimentalfindingsaresupportedbyananalysisof10,000questionnairesfilledoutbythird-gradeteachers：Evenasingle15-minutedailybreakwasconnectedwithmore-positiveratingsofclassroombehavior.Perhapsmostimportant，breakallowschildrentodesigntheirowngames，totesttheirabilities，torole-playandtosettletheirownconflictsactivitiesthatarekeytodevelopingsocialskillsandmanagingcomplicatedsituations.InitialresultsfromanongoingstudyinTexassuggestthatelementary-schoolchildrenwhoaregivenfour15-minutebreaksadayaresignificantlymoresympathetictowardtheirpeersthankidswhodontgetbreak.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章談?wù)摰氖顷P(guān)于學(xué)生的“休息”?！靶菹ⅰ痹试S孩子們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)自己的游戲，測(cè)試他們的能力，角色扮演和解決他們自己的沖突這些活動(dòng)是發(fā)展社會(huì)技能和管理復(fù)雜情況的關(guān)鍵。13.Whatcauses“thebreakmoms”tostartafight?A.Pupilslackofoutdoorplay.B.Poorschoolmanagement.C.Absenceofeducationlaws.D.Inequalityamongstudents.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“.agroupofparentsknownasthebreakmomshasbeenfightingtopassalawguaranteeingthestateselementary-schoolstudentsatleast20minutesofdailyfreeplay.”可知，選A。14.Inoneseriesofexperiments，researchersfindthat.A.childrenbehavebetterwhenletoutearlierB.kidswaitinglongerareunabletostayfocusedagainC.third-gradershavedifficultyinfocusingontasksD.fourth-gradersaremoreconcentratedwithoutabreak答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Inoneseriesofexperiments，researcherscontrolledbreakstarttimes.Somedayschildrenwereletoutat10am，andotherdaysat1030.Thekidsattentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak，andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.”可知，在一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們?cè)缫稽c(diǎn)被放出去會(huì)表現(xiàn)得更好。故選A。15.Whatcanweinferifwecanensurechild