2022年高一英語上冊 nit3 Going places(備課資料)教案 大綱人教版第一冊

2022年高一英語上冊 nit3 Going places(備課資料)教案 大綱人教版第一冊一、異域風情First Sail Round The WorldEarly in the 16th century men were trying to reach Asia by travelling west from Europe. In order to find Asia they had to find a way past South America. The man who eventually found the way from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific was Ferdinand Magellan.Magellan sailed from Seville in August 1519 with five ships and about 280 men. Fourteen months later, after spending the cold winter on the coast of Patagonia, he discovered the channel which is now called Magellan Strait(海峽).In November 1520, after many months of dangers from rocks and storms, the three remaining ships entered the ocean on the other side of South America.They then continued, hoping to reach Asia. But they did not see any land until they reached the islands off the coast of Asia. Before they arrived at those islands, later known as the Philippines, men were dying of starvation. While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan was killed in battle. The remaining officers then had to get back to Spain. They decided to sail round Africa. After many difficulties, one ship with eighteen men sailed into Seville three years after leaving. They were all that remained of Magellans expedition(探險).However, their achievement was great. They were the first men to sail round the world.II、知識歸納1.Good wishes常見表達歸納（1）Giving good wishesGood luck(to you)!祝您好運！I wish you good luck/success.祝您好運/成功。Good(Happy)journey(to you)./I wish you a pleasant journey./Have a good trip.祝您旅途一帆風順。Have a nice/good/pleasant time./Enjoy yourself.祝您玩得愉快！Happy New Year/Merry Christmas/Happy Teachers Day!新年快樂/圣誕節(jié)快樂/教師節(jié)快樂！Happy birthday to you./Have a happy birthday./Id like to wish you a happy birthday!(祝你)生日快樂！Best wishes to you on this holiday season.向你致以最誠摯的節(jié)日祝福。Best of luck in the new term ahead in your study.祝你新學期學習進步。Make still further progress in the new term!祝你新學期百尺竿頭，更進一步！I hope everything goes well./I hope things go all right with you.希望你萬事如意。Good luck in the examination.祝你考試成功。Have a nice weekend.周末愉快。Mum and Dad: Please accept my sincere wishes for the New Year. I hope you will continue to enjoy good health.爸爸媽媽：請接受我誠摯的新年祝福，順祝身體健康。A merry Christmas from all of your students.祝您圣誕快樂，您的全體學生敬上。Warmest thoughts and best wishes from your daughter.寄上無限的思念和最美好的祝愿，你們的女兒敬上。（2）ResponsesMany thanks./Thank you(very much)!多謝(非常感謝)！Thank you. You too./Thanks. And you too./Thank you very much. The same to you!謝謝你。你也一樣！Its very nice/kind of you to say so.謝謝你這么說。2.現(xiàn)在進行時用法歸納(六種用法)1.表示現(xiàn)在進行的動作有兩種含義：(1)表示說話的時刻正在進行的動作，常與時間狀語now, at this moment等連用。(2)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，而不一定是說話時正在進行的動作，常與表示現(xiàn)階段意義的時間狀語now(目前)，today, this week, this term, this year等連用。e.g. Right now it is the summer vacation and I am helping my dad on the farm.現(xiàn)在正是暑假，我在農(nóng)場幫我爸爸干活兒。Im sitting on a rock near the river with my friends.我和我的朋友們正坐在河邊的一塊巖石上。（2）表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作，一般不會變動，若用一般現(xiàn)在時，固定不變的意味更強。能這樣用的動詞多是e, go, leave, arrive等之類的動作動詞。現(xiàn)代英語中這種用法有擴大的趨勢，幾乎表示計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作都可以用這種形式。通常這種句子都帶有表示將來的時間狀語。e.g. My train is leaving at 6:25 tomorrow morning.(=My train leaves at 6:25 tomorrow morning.)我要坐的火車明天早上六點二十五分開。（3）用于時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句表示將來的動作，強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)進行。e.g. When you are riding a bike along the street dont forget the traffic light.你沿著大街騎自行車的時候，別忘了看交通燈。（4）表示經(jīng)常性的習慣性動作，常和副詞always, constantly, continually等連用，表示說話人的贊嘆、滿意、討厭、不耐煩等語氣，用一般現(xiàn)在時只是一般的平鋪直敘，表達不出這種感情色彩。試比較：We are living happily.我們現(xiàn)在日子過得很幸福。(帶有滿意的色彩)We live happily.(一般地說明)She is always working hard like that.她總是那樣勤奮地工作。(贊揚語氣)She always works hard.她一向工作努力。(說明情況)（5）表示要求、愿望的動詞(如want, hope, wish, wonder等)用現(xiàn)在進行時，表示與對方說話時態(tài)度禮貌，顯得委婉、客氣，這種用法沒有動作進行的意味。e.g. Im hoping youll give me some advice.我希望你給我一些建議。Im wondering if you have time to help me with my English.我不知道你是否有時間幫我學英語。當表示某一時刻的感受時，be, feel, like, look forward to等在口語中常用進行時，含有進行的意味。e.g. The child is being naughty today.這孩子今天在淘氣。(暗含這孩子平時不淘氣)How are you feeling now?你現(xiàn)在感覺如何？（6）表示剛過去的時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作，這一用法不如用一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時的語氣強。e.g. I dont know what you are talking about.我不知道你剛剛說的是什么？I dont know what you said(have said).我不明白你說的話。3.consider的用法歸納consider是高考?？紕釉~之一，其主要用法可歸納為兩點：(1)考慮 consider +n./ pron./doingconsider + clauseconsider + wh-+to do sth.e.g.Tom said he would consider the problem.湯姆說他會考慮這個問題的。He is considering changing his job.他在考慮調(diào)換一下工作。He considered how he should answer.他考慮應當如何回答。They considered what to do next.他們考慮下一步該怎么辦。(2)把看作；認為 consider + that clauseconsider sb.+(to be)+n./adj.e.g. They considered that he had made a great mistake.他們認為他犯了一個大錯誤。We dont consider Tom to be our best friend.我們并不把湯姆當成我們最好的朋友。They considered themselves very important.他們自以為非常重要。4.experience n.&v.(1)作名詞“經(jīng)驗”(多作不可數(shù)名詞)Experience is the mother of wisdom.經(jīng)驗是智慧之母。I have no experience of/in teaching.我沒有教學經(jīng)驗。間或作可數(shù)名詞，表示某種經(jīng)驗。e.g. Every experience is of value.每一份經(jīng)驗都是寶貴的。(2)作名詞“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)過的事”(可數(shù)名詞)I shall never forget the first nights experience.我將永遠不會忘記第一個晚上經(jīng)歷過的事。(3)作動詞“經(jīng)歷、感受、感到”For the first time, we experienced defeat.我們第一次感受到了失敗。5.as well as的用法(1)as well as作“和、同”解，具有連詞性質，常用來連接兩個并列的成分。如果連接兩個并列的主語時，謂語動詞應當與前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。e.g. Einstein was a violinist as well as a physicist.愛因斯坦不僅是個物理學家，而且是個小提琴手。His name is known all over the world as well as in Japan.他不僅聞名日本，而且聞名世界。She is clever as well as beautiful.她不僅長得美，而且人也聰明。My son as well as I enjoys music.我的兒子和我一樣喜歡音樂。(2)在表達“不但而且”之意時，“as well as”側重前項，而“not onlybut also”側重后項。連接并列主語時，“not onlybut also”按照就近一致的原則確定謂語動詞的形式。如：He knows French as well as English.=He knows not only English but also French.他不僅懂英語，而且懂法語。The boy is lively as well as healthy.=The boy is not only healthy but also lively.這男孩既健康又活潑。My parents as well as my elder brother like sports.=Not only my elder brother but also my parents like sports.不僅我哥哥，而且我的父母都喜歡運動。III、詞語辨析(1)trip, journey, travel, tour, voyage(1)trip一般指短距離的旅行；journey一般指時間和距離都較長的陸路旅行。在現(xiàn)代英語中，trip和journey?？赏ㄓ茫蛅rip, journey搭配的動詞有make, take和go on。如：make/take/go on a trip/journey to Europe到歐洲旅行on a/ones trip/journey; on a short/long pleasant trip/journeyHave a pleasant trip.祝旅行愉快。The journey to the seaside will take not more than two days.到海邊去旅行最多需要花兩天時間。I at once began making preparations for a trip home.我馬上開始為回家的旅途做準備。(2)travel常用作抽象名詞，泛指“旅行，旅游”，指具體旅行時常用復數(shù)，但前面不用many或數(shù)詞。e.g. a book of travels/travel books 游記travel service 旅行社He came back home after years of foreign travel.國外多年旅行后，他回到了家鄉(xiāng)。I made a few foreign friends during my travels.我在旅行時結識了幾位外國朋友。travel還可以用作及物動詞和不及物動詞。e.g. He is fond of travelling.他喜歡旅行。He is travelling in Africa.他在非洲旅行。She planned to travel round the world.她打算環(huán)球旅行。He has traveled (over)the whole world.他曾周游全球。(3)voyage指水上或空中旅行，不拘距離長短。e.g. Only a few men survived the voyage.這次航海只有幾個人幸存。He got seasick during the voyage.在航行中他暈船。(4)tour指“周游，巡回旅行”，常是訪問一系列地方后又回到原出發(fā)地。Our American friends are making a tour of Shanghai.我們的美國朋友正在對上海進行巡回旅行。2.holiday, vacation, leave三個詞都有“節(jié)假日”的意思，但在假日的種類、性質上、對象上各不相同。holiday是常用語，指規(guī)定的節(jié)假日，也可指學校的假期，可長可短，但表較長的時間常用復數(shù)。vacation與holiday相近，單復數(shù)均可，多用于美國，在英國著重指大專院校假期或法定的休假期；leave一般指政府機關的公務員、軍人等的假期，也可指病假。e.g. Where are you going for your holiday/vacation?你打算去哪兒度假？Colleges and universities usually have two vacation: the summer one and the winter one.大專院校通常有兩個假期：暑假和寒假。The student asked his teacher for leave.這個學生向他的老師請了假。3. instead, instead of兩者都有“代替”之意，但彼此不能替換。(1)instead是副詞，單獨使用，在句中作狀語。用instead時，句中的動作是被“取”的，即要做的。e.g. If you are busy, you may e another day instead.要是你忙的話，就改日再來吧。He didnt go to the cinema. Instead he went swimming.他去游泳了而沒去看電影。(2)instead of是介詞短語，其后要接名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語。用instead of時，of后面的事情是被“舍”的，即不去做的。e.g. Parents should give their children more advice instead of money.父母應當給孩子更多的忠告，而不是金錢。She wanted to go to see a film instead of staying at home.她想去看電影，而不是呆在家里。instead of還可作并列連詞，后可接形容詞、副詞、介詞短語。e.g. Ill go there on foot instead of by bus.我要步行去那兒，不坐汽車去。This book is dull instead of interesting.這本書不但無趣，反倒枯燥無味。4.get close to，be closed, close toget close to “靠近”強調(diào)動作；be close to“離很近”，表示狀態(tài)；close to“接近于”，可作定語。e.g. Please get close to me so that you may hear me clearly.請靠近我，你就能聽清我說的話了。My home is close to our school.我家離學校很近。The houses close to the school are on fire.靠近學校的那些房子著火了。IV能力訓練I單句改錯1. I usually go to school on foot instead by bike.簡析：instead后加of。instead是副詞，常置于句首或句末，后不能跟賓語，如后接賓語時，用介詞短語instead of。2. Good luck to your trip.簡析：to改為with。good luck to之后通常接sb.，為“祝某人走運”，而good luck with之后則常接 sth.，為“祝某事順利(成功)”之意。3. Mr. Greens family are going to London on the holiday.簡析：on改為for。“go to somewhere for the/ones holiday.”表示“去某地度假”，固定搭配。4. We are about to leave right away.簡析：去掉right away。be about to表示即刻要發(fā)生的動作，不能再與表示將來的狀語連用。5. He was considering to write the article.簡析：在to前加how,或將to write改為writing。consider作“考慮”講時，后可接名詞、代詞、動名詞以及疑問詞+不定式短語，但不能直接接不定式。6. This afternoon I cant go there with you. My uncles family arrive and ask me to meet them.簡析：arrive改為are arriving。從句意可知，他們要來，并且是事先約定好了的事，不是臨時決定的事，用進行時表將來。2.根據(jù)漢語完成下列英語句子（1）今我天我奶奶要步行去購物而不是坐公共汽車。Today my grandma wants to go shopping on foot_ _ _ _.答案：instead of by bus（2）我女兒喜歡在因特網(wǎng)上沖浪勝過在網(wǎng)上聊天。My daughter _ _ _ the Internet _ _ _ online. 答案：prefers to surf; rather than chat（3）生態(tài)旅游對大自然有著非常好的影響。Eco-travel _ _ _ _ _ _ nature.答案：jas a very good effect on（4）目前最快的交通方式就是乘飛機。Now _ _ _ _ _ is by plane.（5）這么冷的天，你應該穿暖和一些以免著涼。In_ _ _you should wear warm clothes_ _yourself _the cold.答案:such cold weather; to protect; from/against6.媽媽經(jīng)常告訴我過馬路時要留意車輛。 Mother often tells me _ _ _ _the traffic when crossing the street.答案: to watch ort for