（全國(guó)卷）2019屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars課時(shí)作業(yè) 新人教版必修3

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A How often have you read a story that a friend or family member has sent you？Very likely you would have skipped the news had it not been pointed out to you. Traditionally newspapers and famous TV channels have been our source of authentic news.But these days with the popularity of social media，sharing stories is increasingly becoming a favorite source of news.In fact，research suggests that more than half the people get their news today from social media such as Facebook，Twitter and Google. Social media sites often aggregate contents for us to see based on trending topics—stories that have been viewed by many others as well as based on our own past searches and analysis of our likes and dislikes.If you have liked kittens in the past，you may have noticed that you are seeing more news，blogs and analysis about kittens all of a sudden. While advocates of free speech do not want to control any voice，it is certainly harmful when it is difficult to separate truth from fiction.Imagine the influence of fake(虛假的) news when it begins to affect our own lives.Trusting a piece of news，patients could very easily fall for wrong diagnosis; elders could give money to cheats and reputation of perfectly upright citizens could be easily ruined.What about when we research for a school project and base our analysis on false information or news? Mark Zukerberg has finally acknowledged the issue.Among several projects that the company is considering，F(xiàn)acebook is trying to take powerful measures to crack down on false news.This would include warning labels on fake contents.Fake news also makes a lot of profits from advertising.Google and Facebook have said they will limit advertising profits on their network from such sites. The bottom line—don't believe every word of what you read.Do more research from multiple (多樣的) sources to ensure that the news is indeed true before you share with others. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文為一篇說(shuō)明文?，F(xiàn)在社交媒體充斥著大量虛假信息，這些信息的傳播對(duì)人們的生活危害很大。為了治理這種現(xiàn)象，一些社交媒體已經(jīng)采取了一些措施。 1．What does the underlined word “aggregate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Analyze.　　　　　　 B．Cancel. C．Gather. D．Rewrite. 解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可推知：社交媒體經(jīng)常根據(jù)用戶(hù)的瀏覽、搜索信息為用戶(hù)收集信息，由此可見(jiàn)aggregate意為：gather(收集)。analyze“分析”；cancel“取消”；rewrite“改寫(xiě)”。 答案：C 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．People tend to believe the news on social media. B．False news is fashionable on social media. C．False stories are shared quickly across social media. D．Misleading information harms us. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“While advocates of free speech do not want to control any voice，it is certainly harmful when it is difficult to separate truth from fiction.”可知：誤導(dǎo)人的信息對(duì)我們有害，故答案為D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 3．How will Facebook deal with false news? A．To label fake contents to warn. B．To forbid advertising on its network. C．To prove the news from multiple sources. D．To close down the sites of false news. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“This would include warning labels on fake contents.”(這包括給虛假信息做上警示標(biāo)記)可知答案為A項(xiàng)。 答案：A 4．What might be the best title for the text? A．Keep Away from Fake News B．Never Blindly Believe Anything You Read C．Refuse to Spread Harmful Information D．Separate Truth from Fiction Skillfully 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了現(xiàn)在一些社交媒體中充斥著大量的虛假信息，這些信息對(duì)人們有很大危害。因此作者告誡讀者不要盲目相信媒體上的信息，在傳播信息之前一定要確保信息的真實(shí)性。由此可見(jiàn)B項(xiàng)最適合作為本文的題目。 答案：B B Run out of cooking oil or need some dressing for your salad？The solution may be insects from your backyard！Scientists are turning insects into a source of healthy oil.Even though insects are a food source in some parts of the world，to many people，the thought of eating them is very disgusting. “In the western countries，there is no culture of eating entire insects，so when the idea is to use the protein in powder as an ingredient，people might tend to receive this protein better even if they cannot see it，”said researcher Daylan Tzompas­Sosa，Wageningen University，Netherlands.“There are many uses for the oil in general，but we are investigating the use of these oils for a food，as a food ingredient.” The Mexican researcher，working in the Netherlands，said insects are a great source of heart­healthy omega­3 fatty acids，which can help treat anxiety disorder symptoms.Backing up the increased reliance on insects is the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.In a 2013 report，the UN agency allowed the cultivation of bugs as a food source，saying it's environmentally friendly and could boost the world's food production. There are clear reasons why experts advise people to eat the insects.Experts say insects require little food to grow and the backyard can be a good place to raise them.And there's no shortage of protein­rich insects，which contain fat，vitamins，fiber and minerals. Researchers say different bugs provide unique tastes and textures.“This is very liquid and it has a different color，so this can be used as a dressing for example and it's easy to use and this can be used for example for pastry，because for pastry you need hard fats，”stated Tzompas­Sosa. But not all insects produce good oil.Cockroaches don't.The bug oils must be tested to make sure they are safe to consume.But getting over the “ick factor” may be a bigger challenge. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了食用昆蟲(chóng)的問(wèn)題。文章指出了食用昆蟲(chóng)的好處，同時(shí)指出有些昆蟲(chóng)在使用前還需進(jìn)一步測(cè)試以確保其安全性。 5．What is the author's attitude towards the use of bug oils? A．Doubtful.　　　　　　 B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Unfavorable. 解析：推理判斷題。作者只是客觀(guān)陳述了食用昆蟲(chóng)的問(wèn)題，并沒(méi)有給出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，故本題答案為B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 6．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “Backing up”in Paragraph 3? A．Raising. B．Rejecting. C．Supporting. D．Enjoying. 解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“In a 2013 report，the UN agency allowed the cultivation of bugs as a food source，saying it's environmentally friendly and could boost the world's food production.”可知聯(lián)合國(guó)糧食和農(nóng)業(yè)組織支持食用昆蟲(chóng)，故答案為C項(xiàng)。 答案：C 7．Why do experts suggest eating the insects? A．They're rich in minerals. B．They have different colors. C．They taste good. D．They're easy to raise. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Experts say insects require little food to grow and the backyard can be a good place to raise them.”可知，專(zhuān)家們認(rèn)為昆蟲(chóng)需要很少的食物去飼養(yǎng)，并且自家院落就可以養(yǎng)殖，因此可知，昆蟲(chóng)很容易飼養(yǎng)，故答案為D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 8．From the last paragraph，we can learn that . A．a(chǎn)ll insects cannot produce good oil B．the bug oils are the most delicious C．it's safe to consume the bug oils D．the use of bug oils is banned 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“But not all insects produce good oil.Cockroaches don't.”可知，食用昆蟲(chóng)還需測(cè)試，并不是所有的昆蟲(chóng)都適合食用，因此答案為A項(xiàng)。 答案：A Ⅱ.完形填空 I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man 1 his son to fly a kite.After a few minutes，the child 2 drops the string and lets the kite soar(高飛)．With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears 3 .The father realizes that 4 he'll have to loosen the tie that binds (綁) him to his son.And he 5 “Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？” Many years later my son，Gary， 6 he wouldn't finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any 7 .At the end of the semester Gary moved back home. Gary managed to find a 8 at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I， 9 ，was deeply disappointed.What was a college professor's 10 doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform? Then I tried to 11 him.“Look，”I said，“in a few years you'll be at your high school reunion with 12 classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think you'll be able to 13 that？” “Yes，Dad，”he replied without 14 .Then he fixed his eyes on mine and said，“But the real question is：Can you？” Shame suddenly 15 me.I wasn't thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself and what my friends would think.The problem wasn't Gary's pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my 16 and the question it asks “Will I release the 17 as unselfishly as that？” At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was 18 enough to make his own choices. Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.I am very 19 of who he has become. 20 I let go of my pride，I've been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文主要講述了作者應(yīng)對(duì)兒子大學(xué)輟學(xué)這一情況的故事。 1．A.orders　　　　　 B．instructs C advises D．a(chǎn)llows 解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，一個(gè)男人在教兒子放風(fēng)箏。instruct“教授”。故選B。 答案：B 2．A.suddenly B．a(chǎn)ctually C．properly D．sadly 解析：根據(jù)下文可知，詩(shī)篇中的兒子突然(suddenly)把線(xiàn)松開(kāi)，讓風(fēng)箏高飛。 答案：A 3．A.in a row B．in a way C．in no time D．in the distance 解析：與語(yǔ)境“disappears”呼應(yīng)可推知，風(fēng)箏消失在遠(yuǎn)方(in the distance)。 答案：D 4．A.abruptly B．eventually C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．a(chǎn)pparently 解析：這個(gè)男人意識(shí)到最終(eventually)他必須對(duì)兒子放手。 答案：B 5．A.responds B．guesses C．wonders D．hesitates 解析：結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，詩(shī)篇中的父親有疑問(wèn)，想知道自己將來(lái)會(huì)不會(huì)無(wú)私地“松開(kāi)線(xiàn)”。wonder“想知道”。 答案：C 6．A.believed B．explained C．regretted D．a(chǎn)nnounced 解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，作者的兒子宣布他將不會(huì)完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)。 答案：D 7．A.progress B．decision C．effort D．difference 解析：根據(jù)下文的“At the end of the semester Gary moved back home.”可知，作者的勸說(shuō)毫無(wú)作用。make a difference意為“有作用”。 答案：D 8．A.ball B．job C．kite D．toy 解析：根據(jù)下文的“What was a college professor's 10 doing at a job”可知，作者的兒子找到了一份工作。 答案：B 9．A.therefore B．besides C．however D．otherwise 解析：根據(jù)上文的“with usual enthusiasm”和下文的“was deeply disappointed”可知，上下文表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 答案：C 10．A.daughter B．nephew C．son D．cousin 解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，Gary和作者是父子關(guān)系。 答案：C 11．A.support B．a(chǎn)ccept C．control D．persuade 解析：根據(jù)作者下文所說(shuō)的話(huà)和上文的“reasoning”可知，作者想勸說(shuō)兒子放棄那份工作，因?yàn)樽髡吒械胶苁?。persuade“勸說(shuō)”。 答案：D 12．A.honest B．ordinary C．latter D．former 解析：根據(jù)“reunion”可知，此處是和以前的高中同學(xué)團(tuán)聚。former“以前的”。 答案：D 13．A.prevent B．forget C．handle D．a(chǎn)dmit 解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者認(rèn)為兒子的工作一個(gè)高中輟學(xué)者都可以做，而他的同學(xué)們則成了醫(yī)生、律師和工程師，作者問(wèn)兒子能否應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況。handle“應(yīng)付，處理”。 答案：C 14．A.hesitation B．commitment C．permission D．comment 解析：作者的兒子很堅(jiān)定地回答，沒(méi)有絲毫猶豫，與語(yǔ)境“Yes，Dad，”呼應(yīng)。 答案：A 15．A.deserted B．silenced C．ignored D．a(chǎn)ngered 解析：根據(jù)上文可知，兒子的話(huà)讓作者沉默了。 答案：B 16．A.essay B．a(chǎn)rticle C．poem D．passage 解析：根據(jù)上文的“I have written a poem called Flying Kites”可知，作者想起了自己寫(xiě)的那首詩(shī)。 答案：C 17．A.secret B．string C．dog D．news 解析：根據(jù)上文的“Will I release the string as unselfishly as that”可知，此處表示要放開(kāi)風(fēng)箏上的線(xiàn)。 答案：B 18．A.old B．honest C．lucky D．cute 解析：根據(jù)空后的“make his own choices”可推知，兒子已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大，可以自己做決定了。 答案：A 19．A.guilty B．tired C．a(chǎn)fraid D．proud 解析：根據(jù)上文的“Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.”可推知，父親看到兒子的成功，自然是為之自豪。 答案：D 20．A.Since B．When C．Although D．Unless 解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系。since“因?yàn)?，既然”? 答案：A Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) Here is a funny story.One day three mouses said proudly to each other that they each could drink more wine，so they decided to have a drinking contest.At last they both felt dizzy.One suggested，“Will anybody go to the wine cellar to fetch another bottle of wine？”The first stood up and down then fell to the ground.The other two laughed and said，“He was drinking and couldn't walk.”The second stood up.He just made several steps and couldn't help thrown up.The third laughed hardly and then it was their turn.He stood up and made one step，two steps...Nothing is wrong.He went straight to the wine cellar but took a bottle of wine.He stood there for while，turned back and said excitedly，“Ha ha，where is the cat now？” 答案： Here is a funny story.One day three said proudly to each other that they each could drink more wine，so they decided to have a drinking contest.At last they felt dizzy.One suggested，“Will anybody go to the wine cellar to fetch another bottle of wine？”The first stood up and then fell to the ground.The other two laughed and said，“He was and couldn't walk.”The second stood up.He just made several steps and couldn't help up.The third laughed and then it was turn.He stood up and made one step，two steps...Nothing wrong.He went straight to the wine cellar took a bottle of wine.He stood there for while，turned back and said excitedly，“Ha ha，where is the cat now？” 8