2019年高考英語 高考真題和高考模擬題分項版匯編 專題06 七選五（含解析）

2019年高考英語真題和模擬題分項匯編專題06 七選五一、2019年高考真題 1. 【2019·全國卷I】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” _36_ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good._37_ If the air youre breathing is clean-which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _38_ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情緒).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. _39_ It gives us a great feeling of peace._40_While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新鮮空氣的好處：新鮮空氣中的氧氣，陽光對人們的身心健康均有好處。人們已經(jīng)開始利用大自然和治愈疾病的關(guān)系，建造“康復花園”，治療病人了。36.E根據(jù)下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，該空應該是一個一般疑問句，選項中只有E選項是一般疑問句。故選E：但是新鮮空氣真得像你母親說的那樣對你有好處嗎？空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和選項中的“your mother always said”亦是呼應。37.A 根據(jù)下一句中提到的“If the air youre breathing is cleanthe air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，新鮮空氣充滿賦予人生命的，充滿活力的氧氣。下文中“breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是對前文的遞進：在戶外，更多的氧氣進入你的肌肉和大腦。根據(jù)前面的分析可以推知，該空應該提到新鮮空氣的基本作用，根據(jù)常識，我們知道吸入的空氣首先進入的是肺部，然后才會使我們的肌肉和大腦受益，故該空應選A選項：新鮮空氣清潔我們的肺部。38.G 根據(jù)下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，該空應該提到表示地點的復數(shù)名詞。選項中只有G選項提到該類名詞，故選項G：在全國，康復中心已經(jīng)開始建造“康復花園”。these places就是指Healing Gardens。39.C 前文介紹的是“康復花園”中的綠色植物對于病人康復的好的作用：綠色的正在成長的植物可以減輕壓力，降低血壓，使人情緒良好?？蘸筇岬健八o我們一種平和感”。該空起承上啟下的作用，仍然要提到處于“康復花園”這種自然環(huán)境中的好處，空后的it也要指代這種情況。故C選項切題：身處大自然可以使人精神煥發(fā)。40.D 根據(jù)下文中提到的“the suns raysgive us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，該段介紹的陽光的好處。故該選項應該提到陽光。選項中只有D選項涉及陽光。故選D：獲得新鮮空氣的另一個好處是陽光。2. 【2019·全國卷II】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. _36_Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided._37_ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your youre your goalsYou also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. _38_ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible._39_ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough._40_You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A. This can affect your work.B. So how should you motivate yourself?C. However, this should not discourage you.D. So why should we try to set specific goals?E. They can change according to circumstances.F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it 【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章作者對于怎樣設(shè)定具體目標，給出了一些方法。36.G 上文說“動機和目標設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面”。下文說“就像孩子在跳水臺，難以決定”。該空承上啟下，G選項“沒有目標，你就既不能設(shè)定目標，也無法實現(xiàn)它”切題，故選G。37.B 下文說“不僅如此，你應該如何為實現(xiàn)你的目標保持積極性”。該空引出下文，B選項“那么你應該如何激勵自己呢”切題，故選B。38.A 上文說“有時候你的心不在工作上”，下文說“所以，減慢速度，想一想那時候，你到底想干什么”。該空承上啟下，A選項“這會影響你的工作”切題，故選A。39.E上文說“記得，目標是靈活的”。該空承接上文，E選項“它們會根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變”切題，故選E。40.C 上文說“你可能想當一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因為你的視力不夠好?！毕挛恼f“你應該重新評估你的目標，并且設(shè)定一個新的目標”。該空承上啟下，C選項“然而，這也不要使你沮喪”切題，故選C。3. 【2019·全國卷III】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. _36_ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(邏輯)of each to their particular circumstance.Do's _37_ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教學大綱)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight. Participate in discussion forums(論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. _38_ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.Don'ts Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. _39_ Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. _40_ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.A. That's what they are for.B. Turn to an online instructor for help.C. If more information is needed, they will ask.D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.【語篇解讀】本文為說明文。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌。36.E根據(jù)文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important，可知，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌，故選項E符合語境。37.G根據(jù)其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（與課程內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問題是受歡迎的），解釋了什么樣的問題是好問題，可知，與G項“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼應，要提一些好的令人深思的問題，故選G。38.A根據(jù)前一句 Participate in discussion forums（論壇）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要參與論壇討論、博客和其他開放式的對話論壇。而這正是網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂采用的交流的途徑，故選A。39.C根據(jù)本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends教授不是訓練有素的護士，不是經(jīng)濟援助專家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享個人信息或故事，如果他們需要更多信息的話，他們會主動問起的，故選項C符合語境。40.F通讀本段，并根據(jù)本段主題句Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告誡讀者，每個人都可能曾經(jīng)上過不太好的課，不要在社交媒體上攻擊教授，不要公開表達對教授或班級的不滿，要利用課程評價冷靜地提出你的意見。選項F符合上下文語境。4. 【2019·北京卷】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Much of the work in todays world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._46_Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？_47_They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the teams performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isnt evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(協(xié)調(diào))their actions._48_In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”_49_Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比賽)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force._50_.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talentC. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了建立一支最佳陣容球隊比簡單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復雜得多。一支一流球隊可能需要一種平衡不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些優(yōu)雅量的普通球員。46.B上文說“大多數(shù)人相信建立一個偉大團隊的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天賦的人個人”。下文說“公司花費數(shù)百萬雇傭頂級商業(yè)人士?！痹摽粘猩蠁⑾拢彩窃谂e例，B選項“運動隊老板花費數(shù)百萬美元吸引頂尖人才?！鼻蓄}，故選B。47.E下文說“他們專注于足球、籃球和籃球。結(jié)果有好有壞?！痹摽找鱿挛模珽選項“最近的幾項研究調(diào)查了體育世界中人才的作用。”切題，故選E。48.G上文說“為了解釋這一現(xiàn)象，研究人員探索了一場好的表現(xiàn)要求隊員們協(xié)調(diào)他們行動的程度”，下文說明了研究結(jié)果，該空承上啟下，G選項“這項任務(wù)的相互依賴性使棒球區(qū)別于足球和籃球?！鼻蓄}，故選G。49.D上文說了“一個球星為了個人得分，而影響團隊的表現(xiàn)”，該空承接上文，D選項“球星顯然沒有遵守運動員精神的基本原則”切題，故選D。50.F下文說“一支一流球隊可能需要一種平衡不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些優(yōu)雅量的普通球員。”該空引出下文，F(xiàn)選項“建立一支最佳陣容球隊比簡單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復雜得多?！鼻蓄}，故選F。5. 【2019·浙江卷】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. _31_ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. _32_ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(傳說). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year._33_ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. _34_ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. _35_A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965).G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文中講述了披頭士的發(fā)展和影響，引領(lǐng)了一種潮流趨勢。31. C第一段講述搖滾音樂，根據(jù)空后的at that time可知前句提到了時間，而且與rock music有關(guān)，選項中只有C 項講的是搖滾音樂，并且講述了其發(fā)展的時間，故選C。32. B空前后都是講述披頭士的出名程度，根據(jù)空前extremely popular in England, 以及后文的they became the hottest thing可知此處描述了他們的影響，選項B （甚至他們的發(fā)型在那時也成為了一種潮流）符合文意，且關(guān)鍵詞even是一個提示，故選B。33.A 根據(jù)空后They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.（他們不確定美國人怎樣反應），可知他們首次來美國演出，所以A項（決定首次到美國開巡回演出）符合文意，故選A。34. G根據(jù)空后The concert was broadcast live可知前句中應該出現(xiàn)concert，選項G中的關(guān)鍵詞their first concert 前后呼應。故選G。35. E根據(jù)空前（由于披頭士，市場上出現(xiàn)了很多機會），E項（很多新樂隊（新面孔）都是模仿披頭士），符合邏輯。故選E。二、2019屆模擬題1.山東省淄博市2019屆高三部分學校5月階段性診斷（二模)考試 Living to the ripe old age of 90 may depend on your body sizeboth height and weightas well as your level of physical activity，and geeing to influence a womans lifespan more than it does a mans.The study found women who lived to 90 were，on average，taller and had put on less weight since the age of 20 as compared to women who were shorter and heavier.1. However，men saw more benefit from physical activity than women.In 1986 researchers asked over 7,000 Norwegian men and women between age 55 and 69 about their height，current weight，and weight at age 20.Both genders also told researchers about their current physical activities.2. The men and women were then sorted into daily activity quotas：less than 30 minutes，30 to 60 minutes，and 90 minutes or more.Men and women in the study fared very differently when it came to the impact of body size and exercise.Women who weighed less at age 20 and put on less weight as they aged were more likely to live longer than heavier women.3. The study found women who were taller than 5 feet 9 inches were 31more likely to live into their 90s than women who were less than 5 feet 3 inches.4. Men who spent 90 minutes a day or more being active were 39more likely to live to 90 than men who were physically active for less than 30 minutes.However，women who were physically active for more than 60 minutes a day were only 21more likely to live to 90 than those who did 30 minutes or less.And unlike men，there was no bonus for increasing activity.5.A. Height played a major factor.B. No such association was seen for men.C. The study was observational and couldnt establish cause.D. In fact，the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day.E. Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s，but activity level did.F. In addition，for each 30 minutes a day the men were active，they were 5more likely to reach that age.G. And they included dog walking，gardening，home improvements，walking or biking to work and sports.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是人的壽命取決于哪些因素?；畹?0歲的高齡可能取決于你的身高和體重以及你的身體活動水平，并且鼓勵會影響一個女人的壽命比影響一個男性的壽命更多。1.B上文提示“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)活到90歲的女性，平均而言，自從20歲就更高，更不易發(fā)胖，這是與更矮、更重的女性相比?！背薪由衔?，B項No such association was seen for men.（沒有見過有這樣的男人協(xié)會。）切題。故選B。2.G上文提示“男女雙方還告訴研究人員關(guān)于他們當前的體育活動。”承接上文，G項And they included dog walking，gardening，home improvements，walking or biking to work and sports.（他們包括遛狗、園藝、家庭環(huán)境的改善、走路或騎自行車去上班和運動。）切題。該項中的they指的就是上句中的activities。故選G。3.A下文提示“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)高度超過5英尺9英寸的女性與身高不到5英尺3英寸的女性相比，有31%更有可能活到90多?！背薪酉挛?，A項Height played a major factor.（高度扮演了一個主要因素。）故選A。4.E下文提示“一天花了90分鐘或更多在運動上的男性與每天鍛煉少于三十分鐘的男性相比有39%更有可能活到90歲?！背薪酉挛模珽項Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s，but activity level did.（男性是否能活到90多歲，其因素似乎既不是身高也不是體重，而是活動標準。）切題。故選E。5.D上文提示“與男性不同，沒有獎金增加活動?！背薪由衔?，D項In fact，the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day.（事實上，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性的最優(yōu)水平的活動是每天60分鐘。）切題。故選D。2.安徽師范大學附屬中學2019屆高三5月考前適應性檢測 Competition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the weak weaker. It can also teach us how to survive in a fast-paced and stressful world. 1 . How many of us have seen young boys weeping because their teams didnt win inter-school tournament? How many of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win? 2 So its important to develop healthy competition among children.When it comes to encouraging healthy competition among children, the first thing to do is set goals for them to stick to. 3 Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, its up to you to develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grow into human beings who arent easily annoyed by small losses or too excited by victories. 4 So give them examples where family members refused to cheat to win. 5 . When they take an exam, dont ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they wrote about. If your son played a cricket match at school, dont ask him whether his team won or lost; ask him how many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that youre more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely try to better themselves.A. However, you mustnt push them too hard and burden them with too high a goalB. We should also encourage healthy competition among childrenC. These are the effects of unhealthy competitionD. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lyingE. Care more about childrens performance rather than the results in a sports matchF. However, children can be hit by competitionG. Sending your children the right signals is also important【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何培養(yǎng)孩子之間的健康競爭。1.F根據(jù)下文提到的兩個問題：我們中有多少人見過年輕的男孩因為他們的球隊沒有贏得校際比賽而哭泣？我們中有多少人見過青少年為了贏而作弊？這兩個問題是兩個例子，證明競爭會讓人受到打擊。故F選項切題。2.C前面提到的兩個問題折射出不健康競爭產(chǎn)生的影響。故C選項切題。同時，該選項又引出下文：所以培養(yǎng)孩子之間的健康競爭是很重要的。3.A上一句提到：當它來鼓勵孩子們的健康競爭時，要做的第一件事就是設(shè)定他們的目標。該空承接上文，對設(shè)定目標這件事作進一步的說明。故A選項切題：然而，你不能把他們逼得太緊，讓目標成為他們的負擔。4.D下文提到：所以給他們舉個家人為了贏而拒絕作弊的例子。根據(jù)下文中的so可知，該空和下文之間是因果關(guān)系。那么，該空應該提到作弊這樣的話題。選項中只有D選項與此有關(guān)：此外，他們也可能不想采取任何手段來取勝，比如欺騙或撒謊。該空同時承接上文：團隊精神將幫助他們成長為一個人，他們不會輕易被小損失所困擾，也不會因勝利而過于興奮。該選項也體現(xiàn)了團隊精神的作用。綜上，D選項切題。5.G該段提到：當他們參加考試時，不要問他們期望多少分數(shù)，而是問問他們寫了些什么。如果你的兒子在學校打板球，不要問他的球隊是贏還是輸；問他進了多少分，鼓勵他下一次得分更高。當你讓你的孩子知道你對他們的表現(xiàn)更感興趣，而不是他們是輸了還是贏了，他們肯定會努力讓自己更好。通過該段內(nèi)容可知，作者建議家長給孩子傳遞正確的信息：你關(guān)心的是他們的表現(xiàn)，而不是成績。故G選項正確。 3.湖北省黃岡市2019屆高三模擬 If something that youre doing doesnt challenge you, then it doesnt change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. 1 So challenge the following limits:1. Figure out what youre scared of and do it continuously.If youre a salesman, and youre scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking youll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 2 But dont stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, “Go on. Im not scared!”2. Take a class for a hobby youve been wanting to developMake sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. 3 Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.3. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. 4 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.4.