外研版高二英語必修五Module-4-Carnival知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解與練習(xí)

外研版高二英語必修五Module 4 CarnivalPart1詞匯精講精練一、重點(diǎn)詞匯1. mark vt.1 to write, to draw a symbol, line.做記號(hào) mark A with B; mark B on A 用B在A上做記號(hào)eg. Some drivers mark the cars_”New Drivers. Take Care Please”.2 to celebrate or officially remember an event 紀(jì)念eg.This is a ceremony_the 100th anniversary of The Revolution of 1911.3 to be a sign that sth. new is going to happen 標(biāo)志著eg. _Ben Laden_a great change in anti-terrorism war in Afghanistan.(本 拉登的死標(biāo)志著在阿富汗的反恐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。）4 to give marks to students work 批改eg. I hate_.(我討厭批改試卷）n. 污點(diǎn)（spot,dirt); 符號(hào)，記號(hào)；成績(jī)，分?jǐn)?shù)be marked with 標(biāo)記著be marked on 標(biāo)記在mark down 記下，降低價(jià)格、分?jǐn)?shù)make ones mark 出名，成功Exercise:寫出下列句子中mark的含義1 He made marks with a pencil.2 The festival is to mark the citys 200th anniversary.3 He was marking essay in his small study.4 He did well to get such a good mark.There is no_of rain today. It is not necessary for you to take your raincoat.A. mark B.symbol C.sign D.messageThrough hard work, the girl has achieved_progress since the beginning of this semester.A. remarked B.remarking C.marked D.remarkable2.dress vi./vt.sb. dress sb. be dressed in=dress oneself in dress up as /for 裝扮成；為裝扮dress sb. up as /for 把某人裝扮成/為裝扮某人eg. _a long time_.(她穿衣要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。） He_and went out in a hurry.(他給兒子穿好衣服就匆匆出去了。） Many people_animals during carnival.(在狂歡節(jié)期間，很多人都把自己打扮成動(dòng)物。）比較：put on, wear, dress, have onExercise:1 Hurry up! _your coat_.2 She_a diamond necklace.3 She_her baby.4 Jane_a red jacket_.5 Do you know the boy who is_a red T-shirt?A.putting on B.wearing in C.dressed in D.having on3.originate v. to happen or appear for the first time in a place or situation 起源，發(fā)源 eg. The style of architecture_Greece. (這種建筑風(fēng)格起源于希臘。） origin n. the point from which sth.starts 起源，源頭 eg. Most coughs are viral_. (大多數(shù)咳嗽是由病毒引發(fā)的。） original1 adj. at the beginning of a particular process 原來的，起初的2 n. a document or art produced for the first time 真跡，原稿e(cuò)g. This painting is a copy._is in the Summer Palace. （這是復(fù)制品，原件在故宮里。）4. come to an end to reach the point at which sth. can no longer continue 結(jié)束 eg. The meeting_.(會(huì)議午夜才結(jié)束。） put.to an end=put an end to. 使結(jié)束eg. Mankind must put an end to war or war will put mankind to an end.come about come across come at come upcome up with an idea come on come out 填空：1 How did it come_that you both got lost? I thought you had a map.2 Come_, or we will be late for the opening ceremony.3 He came_me like a tiger.4 When the examination result came_, he had already got a job.5 I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they havent come_yet.5. prepare prepare for prepare vt. eg. Mon_a big turkey and Dad_the family union party. be prepared for=_; (為做好了準(zhǔn)備） eg. -Are you_the exam? -No, I need two more hours. I havent remembered all the words. A.prepared B.preparing C.prepared for D.preparing for6. extend v. 延長(zhǎng)，延伸 eg. Students dont like the teachers _ . (學(xué)生不喜歡經(jīng)常拖堂的老師）extension. n.伸展，延長(zhǎng)，擴(kuò)大eg. We plan to have . 我們打算擴(kuò)建這家醫(yī)院。Extended adj. 擴(kuò)大的，擴(kuò)展的，大的 extended family 大家庭，幾世同堂7. 7. ban/ abolish v8. Ban 明令禁止，取締，禁止9. Abolish 主要指廢除“法律，制度，習(xí)俗”等She is driving for six months. 她已被禁駕6個(gè)月。There are many bad customs and laws that 許多不良內(nèi)容和法規(guī)應(yīng)予以廢除。8. EndOn end 直立，豎著Bring/put an end to sth.Bring/put sth. to an end結(jié)束某件事In the end 最后，終于At the end of 在 末端、后By the end of 在 結(jié)束時(shí)，在 末尾Make both ends meet 使收支相抵Her sudden arrival put an end to the meeting.Low as his salary is ,he can make both ends meet.9. 9. Hide-hid-hiden v. 隱瞞，藏，遮蔽10. Hide oneself behind the door 躲在門后（表動(dòng)作）Be hidden behind the door 藏在門后（表狀態(tài)） Hide.from.把 藏起來Hide away 藏起來e.g. They hide me from the police in their attic.(閣樓)She tried to .她沒法不表露自己的情感10.pretend 偽裝，假裝Pretend to do Pretend to be doingPretend to have donePretend to be +adj./n Pretend that. Eg. She pretended to be reading a novel when I came into the room.She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.The young actor pretended to be Hamlet. 那個(gè)年輕的演員扮演哈姆雷特。二詞匯小練習(xí)11. The sentimental lady tried_her feelings under the mask, but her tones gave her away. (hide)2. Some ordinary people could do nothing but_rich and important, while popular personalities could have romantic adventures in secret. (pretend)3. The travel agency has set out_a direct flight for tomorrows trip to London. (book)4. The manager_our holiday by three days into the following week, as we had completed the_long-period research. (extend)5. Your_seems to be getting worse, as you cant recall the memorable names at the war_ceremony. (memorize)6. After the first_for lung cancer, she required_again. (operator)7. Carnival, actually_from Europe, is celebrated with the mystery of the masks. (origin)8. Since people have no idea what the faces behind the various masks look like, many crimes go_.(punishment)9. The costumes and sights change from country to country but the festive_is the same everywhere. (exciting)10. In the late 1970s the tradition carnival_by some students. (revive)詞匯小練習(xí)1答案：1. to hide2. pretend to be3. to book4. extended; extensive5. memory; memorial6. operation; to be operated on/operating on7. originating8. unpunished9. excitement10. was revived詞匯小練習(xí)21. The man with black on his white trousers told me the white painted on the trees the starting point of the right route. (mark)2. Bad customs and rules deserve . ( abolish)3. In our class, when the bell gives the and the teacher closes his books, it is a for everyone to stand up. (sign)4. Carnival became a relaxing way to different countries, as people forgot their everyday worries and troubles. (union)5. for a big anniversary celebration were under way. (prepare)6. The company plan to its commercial operations into EU members. (extension)7. They planned to make a tour in Northern Europe to celebrate their silver . (wed)8. enough, a woman seated beside me gave up eating when she saw me wash the dry food down that loudly way. (fun)詞匯小練習(xí)2答案：1. Marks, mark, marked2. To be abolished/ abolishing3. Signal, sign4. unite5. preparations6. extend7. wedding8. FunnilyPart2 語法強(qiáng)化Grammar Passive Voice(被動(dòng)語態(tài))1、概念被動(dòng)語態(tài)(passive voice)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語態(tài)共有兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一般來說，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2、結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”。在各個(gè)常用時(shí)態(tài)中的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)如下表： 時(shí)態(tài)Tense被動(dòng)語態(tài)Passive Voice一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)simple presentam/is/are done一般過去時(shí)simple pastWas/were done一般將來時(shí)future Will be done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)present perfect Have/has done過去完成時(shí) past perfect Had been done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)present continuousam/is/are being done過去進(jìn)行時(shí)past continuousWas/were being donee.g. You are wanted on the phone . 有你的電話。（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） The railway was built in 1998. 這條鐵路建于1998 年。（一般過去時(shí)） A new railway is being built in this city. 這個(gè)城市正在修建一條新的鐵路。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)） The railway was being built this time last year.去年這個(gè)時(shí)候這條鐵路正在修建。（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)） The new railway has already been built.新鐵路已經(jīng)建成了。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)） The new railway had been built by the end of last year.（過去完成時(shí)） A new railway will be built in this city next year.這個(gè)城市明年將建一條新的鐵路。（一般將來時(shí)）He told us that the new railway would be built the next year.（過去將來時(shí)） 3、主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句所遵循的4個(gè)步驟 （1）把原主動(dòng)句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語。 （2）把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)形式，即be+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數(shù)隨主語 的變化而變化，而動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)則保持不變。（3）原主動(dòng)句的主語如需要?jiǎng)t放在by后面以它的賓格形式出現(xiàn)，如不需要?jiǎng)t可省略。（4）其他成分（定語、狀語）不變。e.g. The government cancelled the sports meeting because of the bad weather.(主動(dòng)語態(tài)) The sports meeting was cancelled by the government because of the bad weather. (被動(dòng)語態(tài))注：當(dāng)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者的時(shí)候可以把by去掉。4、其他可以表示被動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu) （1）get +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞e.g. He got injured in the traffic accident last week.（2）look, sound, feel, smell, taste, become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, stay, keep, appear, seem, prove+形容詞/名詞。 e.g. He proved (to be) a good guide during the journey to Canada. （3）表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。 e.g. The plane takes off at 7a.m tomorrow. The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.（4）表示主語的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞。如：read，sell，wash，write，act，iron，cut，draw，drive，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink，etc.e.g. This kind of cloth washes well. Your pen writes smoothly.（5）少數(shù)動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。e.g. the new edition of the book is printing.（6）介詞in，on，under等+名詞。 e.g. The house is under repair. Today some treasures are on show.及時(shí)演練( ) （1）-why did you have that position? -I a better position at IBM.A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered ( )（2）The office is wonderful! it doesnt taste like anything I before.A. was having B. have C. have ever had D. had ever had ( )（3）The heros story differently in the newspapers.A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported ( )（4）When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C . had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid( )（5）He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were deciding B. have decide C . decided D. will decide( )（6）I must go to the booking office quickly, or the tickets .A. sell well B. will sell out C . will be sold out D. will sell well( )（7）The storm left, a lot of damage to this area.A. caused B. to have caused C. To cause D. having caused ( )（8） ,the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.A. General speaking B. Speaking general C . Generally speaking D. Speaking generally( )（9）While watching television, .A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C . we heard the doorbell rings D. we heard the doorbell ring( )（10）”You cant catch me !” Janet shouted, away.A. run B. running C . to run D. ran答案1-5 DCAAB 6-10CDCDBPart3隨堂演練+課后作業(yè)完形填空I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be _ 1 _ Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, “What would I say when the other kids asked what Id 2 ?” Just when I started to 3 that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women 4at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of 5that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasnt 6. Somebody had thought 7of me to bring me a gift.Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my 8Christmas there special and memorable, I 9remembered the womens visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of10 for as many children as I could possibly reach.So I 11aplan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤兒) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies,12 with a childs name. We wanted all of them to know they were 13. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I 14them that they couldnt open their presents 15every child had come forward. Finally the16 they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presents!” As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles 17up the room. The 18inthe room was obvious, and19 wasnt just about toys. It was a feeling the feeling I knew20that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasnt forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter.1.A. sendingB. receivingC. makingD. exchanging2.A. foundB. preparedC. gotD. expected3.A. doubt B. hopeC. suggestD. accept4.A. broke in B. settled downC. turned up D. showed off5.A. relief B. lossC. achievementD. justice6. A. blamedB. lovedC. forgottenD. affected7. A. highlyB. littleC. poorlyD. enough8. A. presentB. firstC. recentD. previous9. A. hardlyB. instantlyC. regularlyD. occasionally10. A. strength B. independenceC. importanceD. safety11. A. kept up withB. caught up withC. came up with D. put up with12. A. none B. fewC. someD. each13. A. fineB. specialC. helpfulD. normal14. A. remindedB. guaranteedC. convinced D. promised15. A. after B. untilC. whenD. since16. A. chanceB. giftC. momentD. reward17. A. litB. tookC. burnedD. cheered18. A. atmosphereB. sympathyC. calmnessD. joy19. A. it B. suchC. something D. everybody20. A. byB. tillC. forD. from1,B解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由上文可知，還是小孩子的我，在圣誕節(jié)來臨，我應(yīng)該是收到禮物，所以選擇receiving。2,C解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，此處表達(dá)的意思是別人問我收到了什么禮物，所以選擇got。3,D解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，推斷此處表達(dá)的意思是：我開始接受沒有禮物的現(xiàn)實(shí)，選擇accept，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思都不符合。4,C解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)：break in闖入；settle down安居；turn up出現(xiàn)；show off炫耀。聯(lián)系上下文此處是出現(xiàn)在我家，給我們圣誕禮物，故選擇C，意思最貼切。5,A解析：本題考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文：I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school（當(dāng)我回到學(xué)校時(shí)，我不會(huì)再感到難堪了。）結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，可以推斷出此處是表示我解脫了，送了一口氣，故選擇A。6,C解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合上下文，可以得知，這件禮物對(duì)我是多么重要，所以此處表達(dá)我將不會(huì)忘記這件事情，故選擇C。7,D解析：本題考查短語辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，首先排除B、C，think highly of sb的意思是“對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)很高”。此處根據(jù)作者的前面的心態(tài)，選擇enough，表示有人關(guān)心自己。8,B解析：本題考查形容詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，提到是new house，肯定選擇first，西方人對(duì)于圣誕節(jié)很重視，是一家人團(tuán)圓的日子，所以此時(shí)表達(dá)重要性，作者想讓自己在新家過的第一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)有意義。選擇B。9,B解析：本題考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，聯(lián)系上下文，可了解當(dāng)時(shí)作者那種激動(dòng)的心情，所以應(yīng)該是很快就想到了那件讓她難忘的事情；故選擇B。10,C解析：本題考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段中描述那次圣誕節(jié)禮物給我的感慨，和作者此刻的心情，她認(rèn)為送圣誕節(jié)禮物的給自己以及給得到的孩子們的重要性。11,C解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。從上一段的可以推斷，是我提出了（came up with）了一個(gè)讓四十個(gè)人來我公司幫忙的計(jì)劃。12,D解析：本題考查不定代詞辨析。根據(jù)作者的想法，應(yīng)該是每個(gè)人都有自己的圣誕節(jié)禮物，所以選擇每個(gè)人（each）。13,B解析：本題考查形容詞辨析。每個(gè)人都有屬于自己的禮物，而且不是固定的，所以作者的意思是給孩子們啟示：每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)一無二的。14,A解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。從下文的“One, two, three. Open your presents!”可知，此時(shí)在分發(fā)禮物時(shí)，我提醒每個(gè)人開始不要打開禮物。15,B解析：本題考查連詞辨析。同34題，此時(shí)選擇until，直到每個(gè)人都拿到禮物。16,C解析：本題考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的意思，此處表達(dá)大家等待的拆禮物的時(shí)刻到來了，故選擇moment。17,A解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，根據(jù)文章的上下文：他們燦爛的笑容照亮了整個(gè)房間，所以選擇light的過去式lit。18,D解析：本題考查名詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，此處是表達(dá)歡樂，故選擇D。19,A解析：本題考查代詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，得知：歡樂不僅僅是因?yàn)橥婢摺Ｋ赃x擇it，指代歡樂。20,D解析：本題考查介詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，此處表示：我從很久以前的那次圣誕節(jié)上獲得的感覺再次感受到了。故選擇from。The Munich Oktoberfest is the biggest public festival in the world and will be held in 2003 for the 170th time. Each year, the Oktoberfest 1 （attend） by around 6 million visitors, 2 drink around 5 million liters of beer and consume over 200,000 pairs of pork sausages - mostly in the "beer tents" put up by the traditional Munich breweries（釀酒廠）. The festivities 3 （accompany）by a program of events, 4 （include）the Grand Entry of the Oktoberfest Landlords and Breweries and the Costume and Riflemens Procession. The History of the Oktoberfest dates back to the 19th century. Crown Prince Ludwig, later to become King Ludwig I, was 5 （marry）to Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen on 12th October 1810.The citizens of Munich were invited to 6 the festivities held 7 the fields in front of the city gates to celebrate the happy royal event. Horse races in the presence of the Royal Family marked the close of the event that was celebrated as a festival for the whole of Bavaria. The decision to repeat the horse races in the subsequent year gave rise to the tradition of the Oktoberfest. In 1811 an added feature to the horse races was the first Agricultural Show, designed to boost Bavarian agricultureThe horse races, 8 were the oldest and the most popular event of the festival are no longer held today. 9 the Agricultural Show is still held every three years during the Oktoberfest on the southern part of the festival grounds. Today, the Oktoberfest is the largest festival in the world, 10 an international flavor characteristic of the 21th century: some 6 million visitors from all around the world converge on the Oktoberfest each year.答案：1.is attended 2.who 3.is accompanied 4.including 5.married to 6.attend 7.on 8.which 9.But 10.with語境練習(xí)：Billy對(duì)足球有特別的喜好（have a preference），因?yàn)榭辞蛸惪偰茏屗械椒潘桑╮elaxed）。他總是提前在網(wǎng)上預(yù)定好票。他曾經(jīng)告訴過我，他寧可（would rather）早些訂票也不愿意在有票的觀眾（spectator）正欣賞比賽時(shí)自己卻在球場(chǎng)外徘徊（wander），絕望地試圖買到張票。Billy是曼聯(lián)（Manchester United）的熱心支持者。在足球傳統(tǒng)頗強(qiáng)的英國，曼聯(lián)在“十大最被擁戴的俱樂部”中排名第一（ranked first），利物浦（Liverpool）和阿森納（Arsenal）緊隨其后（followed by）。答案：Billy has a particular preference for football because he always feels relaxed watching a football game. He always book his tickets online in advance. He told me once that he would rather book tickets early than wander outside the stadium trying to get a ticket desperately while spectators with tickets are watching the game. Billy is an enthusiastic supporter of Manchester United. In Britain, where football tradition is strong, Manchester United is ranked first among the 10 most supported football clubs in England, followed by Liverpool and Arsenal. 閱讀理解 A For years the Brits have most often been known as the villains of the piece when it comes to superhero movies - but the tables have now turned, with the two latest heroes set to hit the big screen hailing from British shores.Forget Terence Stamp as General Zod in Superman, Sir Ian McKellen as Magneto in X-Men and Alfred Molina as Doctor Octopus in Spider-Man.Enter Andrew Garfield as Spider-Man and Henry Cavill as Superman. Not to mention Christian Bale, who will play Batman for the third time in The Dark Knight Rises.Cavills casting marks the first time Superman - who fights for "truth, justice and the American way" - has been played by a non-US actor.Film critic Jason Solomons, says the casting of Cavill is "weird"."Im very surprised. Were more used to getting the villain roles," he says."Brits are much better at overcoming stammers than the forces of darkness," he adds, referring to Colin Firths much-lauded role in The Kings Speech.But Helen OHara from Empire magazine says it is not anything new."There was a trend a few years ago for Australian superheroes, Hugh Jackman as Wolverine, Eric Bana as Hulk. Then we had a Welsh trend, with Bale as Batman and Ioan Gruffud as Mr Fantastic (in the Fantastic Four)."American accentsBut she concedes that "the interesting one is Cavill - the first non-American actor to play Superman. Maybe it leaves the way open for an American to play Bond."One theory is that Garfield and Cavill were relatively unknown when they were cast - and so are unlikely to have had such large financial demands as more established US actors might.But Solomons believes that it is British actors themselves who have overcome a hurdle."Its a snobbery we have overcome ourselves (to play a superhero). And British actors have now got to grips with the technology, the special effects. We can do green screen, blue screen - and wear capes."Total Film writer George Wales thinks it is more down to individual talent."There is a current conception that British actors carry a certain amount of sway in Hollywoo