2022年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第10講 名詞性從句學(xué)案

2022年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第10講 名詞性從句學(xué)案1. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _ the problem itself is. (xx·湖南卷31) A. what B. that C. which D. why【解析】選A。空白處后句子缺表語。因此不能選B。B中的that 只起引導(dǎo)作用，無實(shí)意。而該句選what既起了引導(dǎo)作用，又作了句子成分表語。 2. It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (xx·重慶卷22)A. whether B. whenC. which D. where【解析】選A。該句中it作形式主語，真正的主語是由whetheror not引導(dǎo)的從句。句意：是否這個舊車站該由現(xiàn)代賓館取代還在討論中?？键c(diǎn)1.名詞性從句的種類及連接詞I want to be liked and loved for_I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how【解析】選C。what 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作for 的賓語， what在從句中作am的表語。 名詞性從句具有名詞的功能，分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句四種。它由以下三種連接詞引導(dǎo)： 1. 連詞： that, whether, if。 2. 連接代詞： who, whom, whose, which, what等。 3. 連接副詞： when, where, why, how等?？键c(diǎn)2.連詞that的用法Keep in mind _ you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.A. that when B. that if C. if when D. when if 【解析】選B。that引導(dǎo)一個賓語從句，賓語從句中又有一個由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。1. that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)既無詞義也不在從句中作任何成分。 2. that引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時(shí)一般不可省，引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)常可省。但是， and連接兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，第一個that可省，第二個that不可省。 3. that從句一般不作介詞的賓語。但： in that “因?yàn)椤保?except / but that“除了”例外?？键c(diǎn)3.whether, if的用法 It's reported that Pakistan is considering _ to continue its information cooperation with the US because the US didn't inform them in advance before they took action to kill Bin Laden. (xx·成都七中高三最后一套模擬卷) A. what B. how C. whether D. if【解析】選C。在 whether后只能用不定式或后接or not，不能接if，即whether to do 或whether or not。 whether, if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，表示“是否”， 不在從句中作任何成分，二者?？赏ㄓ?，但在下面幾種情況下一般只用whether: (1)引導(dǎo)主語從句。 (2)引導(dǎo)表語從句。 (3)引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 (4)在動詞discuss之后。 (5)在介詞之后。 (6)后面緊跟or not。 (7)動詞不定式前。考點(diǎn)4.名詞性從句的語序 I really wonder _ will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (山西太原五中xx xx學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期月考4月) A. that it is what B. what it is that C. what is it that D. that is it what【解析】選B?？瞻滋帪橐毁e語從句作動詞wonder的賓語。而賓語從句是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)what。賓語從句要采用陳述語序。名詞性從句用陳述語序，為：連詞(+被修飾語)+主語+謂語。即主謂不倒裝。 考點(diǎn)5. what與that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別例1：It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. (xx·重慶卷34)A. Whose B. whatC. which D. that【解析】選B?？瞻滋幾鲃釉~ see 的賓語。賓語從句按順序?yàn)閍 new invention can be of what use to human life，疑問詞what前置。因此選B。 例2：Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. (xx·天津卷13)A. what B. which C. that D. where【解析】選C。that引導(dǎo)詞作名詞evidence的同位語從句引導(dǎo)詞。該詞只起引導(dǎo)作用，無實(shí)義，不可省略。 1. 在名詞性從句中，that只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，本身也沒有詞義，即從句中不缺少任何成分時(shí)用連詞that. 2. that在從句中作主語時(shí)通常用it作形式主語，而將that從句置于句末作真正的主語。但what不能用it作形式主語。 3. that可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但what不能。考點(diǎn)6.由reason作主語時(shí)，表語從句的連接詞The reason why he can't go to school is _ he is ill. A. because B. why C. that D. which 【解析】選C。reason作主語時(shí)，其后的表語從句一般用連詞that。reason作主語時(shí)，表語從句所用連詞為that, 一般不用because或why等?？键c(diǎn)7. that引導(dǎo)同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別例1：_ was known to all that William had broken his promise _ he would never play puter games again. (xx·湖南雅禮中學(xué)高三第8次月考卷) A. As; which B. As; that C. It; that D. What; that【解析】選C。it作形式主語，第一個that后引導(dǎo)從句作真正主語。名詞promise后接that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。對前一名詞內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明。例2：Helping others is a habit, one _ you can learn even at an early age. (xx·山東卷改編) A. it B. that C. what D. who【解析】選B。one是a habit的同位語。作為定語從句的先行詞，后用which或 that作定語從句動詞learn的賓語。關(guān)系代詞作賓語也可省略。 that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)， that在從句中不作成分(一般不省), 且不可用which來取代；that引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)， that須作主語、賓語或表語(作賓語時(shí)?？墒?, 且?？捎脀hich來取代。