高中英語(yǔ)必修三Unit 主語(yǔ)從句

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1高中英語(yǔ)必修三高中英語(yǔ)必修三Unit 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句第1頁(yè)/共72頁(yè) 名詞性從句名詞性從句 noun clause 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句subject clause 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句object clauseobject clause表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句predicative clausepredicative clause 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句appositive clauseappositive clause第2頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)名詞性從句中的名詞性從句中的連接詞連接詞連詞連詞: that / whether / as if (though);連接代詞連接代詞: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever第3頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)判斷下列劃線句子是哪種名詞性從句。判斷下列劃線句子是哪種名詞性從句。1.I dont know whether he will come or not.2.The question is whether he will come or not.3.Whether he will come or not is unknown.第4頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)3.Whether he will come or not is unknown.1.I dont know whether he will come or not.2.The question is whether he will come or not.賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句第5頁(yè)/共72頁(yè) 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句 Subject Clause第6頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Which part serves as subject in each sentence? 1. You are a student.2. Smoking is bad for you.3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. “How do you do?” is a greeting.5 .What she said is not yet known.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. It is certain that we shall be late.第7頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)第8頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Step 2Step 2、主語(yǔ)從句概念定義：、主語(yǔ)從句概念定義： 充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，因其在復(fù)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，因其在復(fù)合句中做主語(yǔ)，又稱主語(yǔ)從句。合句中做主語(yǔ)，又稱主語(yǔ)從句。 第9頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)先找出謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)在第二個(gè)謂語(yǔ)前面先找出謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)在第二個(gè)謂語(yǔ)前面第10頁(yè)/共72頁(yè) 1.引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)詞： 從屬連詞從屬連詞 that, whether； 連接代詞連接代詞 who, what, which； whoever, whatever, whichever; 連接副詞連接副詞 when, where, how和和why。 2. 語(yǔ)序：語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序陳述句語(yǔ)序主語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)：第11頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)1) 從屬連詞從屬連詞that和和whether： That he will come is certain. Whether he will come is uncertain.thatthat是否是否引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞第12頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)2) 連接代詞連接代詞who, what, which（做成分（做成分）1. makes no difference. 誰(shuí)去沒什么不同。（主語(yǔ)）誰(shuí)去沒什么不同。（主語(yǔ)）2. is more time.（我（我們所需要的是更多的時(shí)間。）（們所需要的是更多的時(shí)間。）（賓語(yǔ)）賓語(yǔ)）3. hasnt been decided. （定語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)） 我應(yīng)買哪一本書還沒有決定。我應(yīng)買哪一本書還沒有決定。Who will goWhat we needWhich book I should buy第13頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞 3)連接代詞連接代詞whoever（無(wú)論誰(shuí)）（無(wú)論誰(shuí)）, whatever, （無(wú)論什么）（無(wú)論什么）whichever（無(wú)（無(wú)論哪一個(gè)）論哪一個(gè)）1. comes is welcome.2. I have is yours. 3. you want is yours. whatever=anything that whoever=anyone whoWhoeverWhateverWhichever第14頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Whatever and whoeverWhatever anything thatWhoever anyone who不管是誰(shuí)犯了法，他都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。不管是誰(shuí)犯了法，他都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。Whoever breaks the law should be punished。Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.第15頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)4) 連接副詞連接副詞when, where, how ,why 1. （我們什么時(shí)候離開（我們什么時(shí)候離開）hasnt been decided. 2. (他怎么到那的）他怎么到那的） is a secret. 3. (他為什么哭）他為什么哭）is not clear. 4. （會(huì)議將在哪里舉行（會(huì)議將在哪里舉行） will be held is not known. When we will leaveHow he got thereWhere the meetingWhy he cried第16頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.1.(_ is needed for success) is your hard work.3.(_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.4.(_ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.WhatWhen/HowWhere/wh etherWhoWhether主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。一般用單數(shù)形式。Conclusion:第17頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Step3.第18頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Step3.思考思考That he will pass the exam is certain.It is certain that he will pass the exam. 注解：一般來(lái)說(shuō)主語(yǔ)從句都是放在注解：一般來(lái)說(shuō)主語(yǔ)從句都是放在 ,但有時(shí)為了使句子但有時(shí)為了使句子 ,避免避免”頭重腳輕頭重腳輕”,常用常用 作作 ，從而把主語(yǔ)從句放在，從而把主語(yǔ)從句放在 句首句首保持平衡保持平衡 it 形式主語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)后后面面主語(yǔ)從句一直位于句首的位置嗎？主語(yǔ)從句一直位于句首的位置嗎？他一定會(huì)通過(guò)考試的他一定會(huì)通過(guò)考試的.第19頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +that It is a pity/shame that. 可惜的是可惜的是 It is a surprise that 令人吃驚的是令人吃驚的是 It is a fact that 事實(shí)是事實(shí)是 It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)是常識(shí) *_(很可惜很可惜)we lost the match.*_(這是事實(shí)這是事實(shí))he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that第20頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)2) It is + adj. +that Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible/likely that. 很可能很可能 It is obvious/clear that 很明顯很明顯 It is true that的確的確 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明顯很明顯) he is an English.It is possible thatIt is obvious that+(should) +do第21頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)3) It +不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞+that It happened that. 碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起我突然想起 It appears/seems that 似乎，好像似乎，好像 It turned out that 原來(lái)原來(lái)*_(剛好剛好)I was out yesterday.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forgot to sent the letter.It happened thatIt occurred to me that第22頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)4) It + be +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+從句從句 It is said that. 據(jù)說(shuō)據(jù)說(shuō) It is known to all that. 眾所周知眾所周知 It is reported that. 據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道 It is believed that. 據(jù)相信據(jù)相信 ;人們相信人們相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建議建議*_(據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建議建議)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that第23頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)小結(jié)：小結(jié)：第24頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)規(guī)律一、規(guī)律一、主語(yǔ)從句一律用陳述語(yǔ)序，主語(yǔ)從句一律用陳述語(yǔ)序， 即主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后。即主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后。正：When he will come is not known.第25頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.規(guī)律二、規(guī)律二、連詞that 在從句中無(wú)實(shí)際意義， 但不能省略。第26頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.規(guī)律三、規(guī)律三、whether 可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句， 放在句首，但放在句首，但if不能不能第27頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)正：That he will help others is a fact.規(guī)律四、規(guī)律四、主語(yǔ)從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。主語(yǔ)從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。第28頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)正：When he will come is a puzzle.規(guī)律五、規(guī)律五、含主語(yǔ)從句的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用含主語(yǔ)從句的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用 單數(shù)第三人稱形式。單數(shù)第三人稱形式。第29頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)規(guī)律六、規(guī)律六、what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，可根據(jù)引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，可根據(jù) 表語(yǔ)決定主句動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式表語(yǔ)決定主句動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。第30頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.第31頁(yè)/共72頁(yè) he became a great scientist is known to us all.Is what you told me really true?謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)單數(shù)從句用陳述語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序序不能省略關(guān)聯(lián)詞不能省略關(guān)聯(lián)詞How第32頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)在主語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。在主語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。1 1、無(wú)論他說(shuō)什么都不重要。、無(wú)論他說(shuō)什么都不重要。Whatever he says is of no importance.2 2、無(wú)論誰(shuí)說(shuō)這話都不對(duì)。、無(wú)論誰(shuí)說(shuō)這話都不對(duì)。 Whoever says this is wrong 但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，不可一概而論但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，不可一概而論，而要視句子的意義而定。，而要視句子的意義而定。 What I need is money. What I need are books.第33頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)1.主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)。2.主語(yǔ)從句位于句末時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞that可省略。3.主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí),不能用if引導(dǎo)。4.主語(yǔ)從句位于句末時(shí), 可以用if引導(dǎo)。第34頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)we shallWhetherItThat you have第35頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)thatisxareare第36頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)注意注意:1）主語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)，必須由連接詞引）主語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)，必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用it做形式主語(yǔ)，而把主語(yǔ)從句放在句末時(shí)，做形式主語(yǔ)，而把主語(yǔ)從句放在句末時(shí)，從屬連詞從屬連詞that可以省略?？梢允÷?。誤：誤：They should like each other is natural.正：正：That they should like each other is natural.正：正：It is natural (that) they should like each other.第37頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)2) 如果主語(yǔ)從句放在句首，不能用如果主語(yǔ)從句放在句首，不能用if引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)，但是如果用，但是如果用it 做形式主語(yǔ)，而把主語(yǔ)做形式主語(yǔ)，而把主語(yǔ)從句放在句末時(shí)，也可以用從句放在句末時(shí)，也可以用if引導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)，或把或把if 改為改為whether 誤：誤：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.正正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 第38頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)(1) 主語(yǔ)從句中用陳述語(yǔ)序主語(yǔ)從句中用陳述語(yǔ)序 What she is afraid of is their taking her to Paris. ( What is she afraid of Wrong )(2) 主語(yǔ)從句后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù)主語(yǔ)從句后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù) （特殊情況見練習(xí)冊(cè)（特殊情況見練習(xí)冊(cè)P60） That they havent phoned is strange.(3)that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中，引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中，that不可被省略不可被省略 That price will go up is certain.第39頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)4) . 用于用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that.句型中句型中, 主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用虛主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣擬語(yǔ)氣, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”的形式的形式, should有時(shí)可以省略。有時(shí)可以省略。5) It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中中, that從句的謂語(yǔ)也應(yīng)該從句的謂語(yǔ)也應(yīng)該用用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”的形式的形式, should有時(shí)有時(shí)可以省略?？梢允÷浴５?0頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Step4.第41頁(yè)/共72頁(yè) 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. （與我無(wú)關(guān)）（與我無(wú)關(guān)）2. _ he said at the meeting surprised everyone.3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go fishing tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever第42頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)1.他是否是我的孩子仍然他是否是我的孩子仍然(remain)是是個(gè)問(wèn)題。個(gè)問(wèn)題。_ remains a question.Whether he is my child補(bǔ)全句子練習(xí)補(bǔ)全句子練習(xí)第43頁(yè)/共72頁(yè) _is your hairstyle.2.我所最喜歡的是你我所最喜歡的是你的發(fā)型的發(fā)型(hairstyle)。What I like most 3.我需要的就是休息我需要的就是休息。_is rest.What I need第44頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)_ made the teacher angry.4.這個(gè)男這個(gè)男孩所做的孩所做的事讓老師事讓老師很生氣。很生氣。What the boy did第45頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)_ is attracted by her.5.無(wú)論誰(shuí)無(wú)論誰(shuí)見到見到這個(gè)女孩都會(huì)被這個(gè)女孩都會(huì)被她吸引（她吸引（attact）。）。Whoever sees the girl第46頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)練習(xí)練習(xí):用主語(yǔ)從句翻譯下列句子。用主語(yǔ)從句翻譯下列句子。1. 他偷了一部自行車是真的。他偷了一部自行車是真的。2. 我現(xiàn)在需要的是你的幫助。我現(xiàn)在需要的是你的幫助。3. 他出生在何時(shí)還不知道。他出生在何時(shí)還不知道。4. 無(wú)論誰(shuí)最后離開房間都應(yīng)該關(guān)門。無(wú)論誰(shuí)最后離開房間都應(yīng)該關(guān)門。第47頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)答案答案:1. 他偷了一部自行車是真的。他偷了一部自行車是真的。That he stole a bike was true.2. 我現(xiàn)在需要的是你的幫助。我現(xiàn)在需要的是你的幫助。What I need now is your help.3. 他出生在何時(shí)還不知道。他出生在何時(shí)還不知道。When he was born has not been known. 4. 無(wú)論誰(shuí)最后離開房間都應(yīng)該關(guān)門。無(wú)論誰(shuí)最后離開房間都應(yīng)該關(guān)門。Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.第48頁(yè)/共72頁(yè) the cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence30第49頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)talk aboutthe use of cell phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phone.Make a sentence30第50頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.Make a sentence30第51頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)It makes the teacher angry that the child doesnt know the answer.teacher angryDont know the answerMake a sentence30第52頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Exercises :1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.WhoeverD2.It was he said disappointed me.A.what ;that B.that; that C.what;what D.that;whatA3. well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.WhereB4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A.What B. That C.The fact D.The matterA第53頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)5. was to return to school.A.That really interested him B.What really interested himC.Which really interested him D.That interest him reallyB6. makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.WhateverC7. your men have been on my land without permission.A.It seems that B.There seems to be C.That seems D.It seems forA8.It has always puzzled me the old man lied a red silk ribbon on the young tree.A.that B.why C.where D.whatB第54頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)11._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 12. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 13._ is known to us all that America is a developed country . A Which B As C What D It 第55頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)14. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C.is water D. that water to 15. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when16.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have第56頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)第57頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)第58頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)第59頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)第60頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)第61頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)CBCB第62頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)DCAD第63頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)CBDA第64頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)AAC第65頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)37. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when38.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have第66頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever請(qǐng)用恰當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)從句連詞填空請(qǐng)用恰當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)從句連詞填空: What ,it ,that , whether, whoever第67頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Correct or not?*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet. be held hasnt been known yet.Pay attention:主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式形式 10第68頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Correct or not?Whether we will. decided yet.Pay attention:放在名詞性從句放在名詞性從句句首句首，表示，表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether, 不能用不能用if10第69頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Correct or not?Pay attention:此主語(yǔ)從句此主語(yǔ)從句缺少成分缺少成分-賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，故用作成分的故用作成分的what來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用that。What she wants to know is.*That she wants to know is when the party will be held . 10第70頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)Correct or not?Pay attention:由由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放在句引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放在句首，首，that 不能省略不能省略。That he will give up*He will give up his job surprises all of us.10第71頁(yè)/共72頁(yè)