英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作常用邏輯銜接詞-起承轉(zhuǎn)合

寫(xiě)作常用邏輯銜接詞一、 根據(jù)銜接詞本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分為以下四類(lèi)，即“起”，“承”、“轉(zhuǎn)”、“合”。1. 表示“起”的詞/組：用于開(kāi)篇引出擴(kuò)展2at present現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)今presently現(xiàn)在，此刻currently目前，最近recently最近lately最近in general一般來(lái)說(shuō)generally speaking一般來(lái)說(shuō)on the whole總起來(lái)說(shuō)it is said that 據(jù)說(shuō)it goes without saying 不用說(shuō)as a proverb goes, 俗話說(shuō)得好at first最初firstly第一at the very beginning起初first of all首先in the first place首先，第一to begin with首先，第一to start with首先，第一for one thing (for another)首先(其次) on the one hand (on the other hand ) 一方面(另一方面) 2. 有關(guān)“承”的常用語(yǔ)：用來(lái)承接上文。after/ after that/ afterwards此后after a few days/ years幾天/幾年以后after a while過(guò)了一會(huì)later后來(lái)soon不久then然后from now on從此at the same time同時(shí)by this time此時(shí)meanwhile 同時(shí)secondly第二thirdly 第三for another其次besides此外furthermore而且；此外moreover而且，此外whats more而且；此外in addition此外in addition to 除之外in the same manner/ way同樣的similarly同樣地in other words換句話說(shuō)consequently因此；結(jié)果so所以for this purpose為了這個(gè)目的for example例如 for instance例如such as正如particularly特別地in particular特別(地)indeed的確there is no doubt that無(wú)疑地obviously明顯地of course當(dāng)然3. 有關(guān)“轉(zhuǎn)”常用的詞語(yǔ)：用來(lái)表示不同或相反的意見(jiàn)。after all畢竟all the same雖然，但是conversely相反地however然而；無(wú)論如何but但是whereas然而yet然而；但是in contrast對(duì)比之下on the contrary相反地even though即使though/ although盡管despite盡管雖然in spite of盡管雖然nonetheless盡管如此nevertheless不過(guò)；雖然如此anyway無(wú)論如何in fact事實(shí)上as a matter of fact事實(shí)上especially特別地in particular特別地fortunately幸運(yùn)地in other words換句話說(shuō)in the same way同樣地unlike不像；和不同luckily 幸運(yùn)地unfortunately不幸地on the other hand另一方面otherwise否則perhaps或許4. 有關(guān)“合”的常用詞語(yǔ)：用于小結(jié)上文或結(jié)束本段落的內(nèi)容。above all最重要accordingly于是as a consequence因此as a result結(jié)果as has been stated如前所述as above mentioned如上所述as I have said如我所述at last最后at length最后；終于by doing so一般來(lái)說(shuō)briefly簡(jiǎn)單扼要地by doing so如此consequently因此eventually最后finally最后hence因此in brief簡(jiǎn)言之in conclusion總之；最后in short簡(jiǎn)言之in a word總之in sum總之，簡(jiǎn)言之in summary簡(jiǎn)要地說(shuō)on the whole總起來(lái)說(shuō)；整個(gè)看來(lái)therefore因此thus因此to speak frankly坦白地說(shuō)to sum up總而言之to summarize簡(jiǎn)言之surely無(wú)疑to conclude總而言之truly的確so所以obviously顯然certainly肯定；無(wú)疑all in all總之二、根據(jù)銜接詞本身的意思和文章連接所需要的邏輯意義，可分為以下十四類(lèi)1.表示因果關(guān)系 as a result 結(jié)果 eg. He never studied hard, and as a result he failed in the last examination.as a result of 因?yàn)椋捎?eg. He is late for work as a result of traffic accident.accordingly 于是 eg. He wanted to buy a radio for studying English, and accordingly her mother bought it for him.because（of）因?yàn)?，由于eg. We are delayed because of a traffic jam.due to 因?yàn)椋捎趀g. His success is due to his excellent work.eg. Owing to his absence, our meeting was not held.thanks to 多虧了eg. Thanks to a good teacher, she passed the examination.now that 既然eg. Now that you have grown up, you must earn for yourself.so long as 只要就 eg. You could accomplish your dream so long as you try it again and again.since 既然eg. Since you are here now, youd better give a hand.on account of 因?yàn)?，由?eg. We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.in that 因?yàn)閑g. The policy is harmful in that it may encourage people to give up.so that 所以eg. The office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear him.consequently 因此 eg. It rained so heavily, consequently, we cancelled the plan of climbing the mountain.hence 因此 eg. It is 12 p.m. now, hence you must take a sleep.therefore 因此eg. There is a calculating mistake here; therefore, the answer is wrong.2.表示解釋關(guān)系as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上 eg. I will go there this afternoon, as a matter of fact, I intended to go this morning but I couldnt find the time. as well 也 eg. I will go there. My friend will go with me as well.frankly speaking 坦白來(lái)說(shuō) eg. Frankly speaking, I am not very satisfied with your words. in this case 既然這樣 eg. In this case, I will go there as soon as possible.3.表示推理關(guān)系or else 否則 eg. Hurry up, or else youll be late.otherwise 否則 eg. You must carry this passport; otherwise you will be stopped by the guard. if so 如果那樣的話 eg. If so, it will make a great difference.so that implies 那表明eg. He is in panic now, so that implies he is lying. to put it more precisely 更精確地說(shuō)eg. He is rather strong, to put it more precisely, he is a little sturdy. under no circumstances 在任何情況下都不，絕不eg. Under no circumstances will I go there. 4.表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系 additionally 此外eg. I like playing cards; additionally, playing chess is also my favorite. in addition 此外 eg. I need your help. In addition, I also need her support. besides 此外 eg. First, we must work hard. Besides, we must work with a creative mind. and moreover 而且，此外 eg. The hat is the right size for you, and moreover, it goes well with your skin. that is to say 就是說(shuō) eg. The stock price is declining, that is to say, I am losing money.furthermore 而且，此外eg. She is kind, and furthermore, shes beautiful.in other words 換句話說(shuō) eg. I am not hungry, in other words, I really dislike the food in this canteen.equally important 同樣重要的是 eg. You should read more news from newspapers, and equally important, keep an eye on the news from the radio.whats more 而且，此外 eg. It is harmful to my health, and whats more, it is no good to my work.last but not the least 最后 eg. Last but not least, my thanks should go to every member of my class.5 表示比較關(guān)系 equally 同樣地 eg. As a teacher, I should teach well, but equally, I should study well.in comparison with 和相比 eg. In comparison with the red one, I would like to choose the blue cap.in the same way 同樣地eg. It is such a coincidence that we figure it out in the same way.in contrast to 和相反eg. In contrast to your belief, I quite disagree with you.instead 代替，頂替eg. If you dont go, Ill go instead.on the contrary 相反eg. You think I like it. On the contrary, I dislike it.in contrast 對(duì)比之下eg. It is hot in the daytime, but in contrast its very cold at night.while 但是eg. We are happy in China, while most Africans live unhappily.6.表示選擇關(guān)系alternatively 作為選擇，二者選一地eg. You may take the exam. Alternatively you take another one next year.eitheror 或者或者 eg. Either you or I will go there.rather than 而不是 eg. In this matter, the parents should be blamed rather than the children.instead of 而不是 eg. You should be reading books instead of lying there in bed.not but 不是而是 eg. She is not an English teacher, but a German student.whetheror not 是否 eg. I wonder whether you will come or not this afternoon.neithernor 既不也不 eg. Neither you nor I will go there. He will come this afternoon.7.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 although 盡管 eg. Although he is old, he still works every day. despite盡管，不管 eg. I will visit him despite the heavy snow. at the same time 同時(shí)，但是 eg. The little kid brings troubles, but at the same time you cant help liking him. even though 即使 eg. Even though she is late, she walks slowly. however 可是 eg. I planned to go there; however, the incident suddenly interrupts my normal work. in spite of 不管 eg. In spite of the boys honesty, the teacher is still very angry. instead 改為 eg. It is too hot to go shopping, lets watch TV at home instead.nevertheless 盡管這樣 eg. Nevertheless, I would try to make a remedy.regardless 不管，不顧eg. Regardless of age, sex, race and economic level, all men are equal. notwithstanding 雖然，盡管eg. I have determined, notwithstanding your disapproval.on the contrary 正相反 eg. I used to think that the result will be good. On the contrary, it turns out to be bad.still 盡管如此 eg. Its raining cats and dogs outside. Still, I will visit him.though 雖然，盡管 eg. I will visit him, though it is raining there.otherwise 否則eg. We must hurry, otherwise we cannot catch the bus.while 雖然，但是 eg. Sadness is beautiful while loneliness is tragic.yet 然而，但是 eg. He is sentimental sometimes, yet I still like him.8.表示總結(jié)關(guān)系all in all 總而言之 eg. All in all, we must cope with it wellbriefly 簡(jiǎn)而言之 eg. Briefly, I agree with you on the matter.in conclusion 最后，總之 eg. In conclusion, the first opinion is much more reasonable than the latter idea.in summary 簡(jiǎn)要地說(shuō) eg. In summary, we cannot fully believe what we heard from others.to sum up 總而言之 eg. To sum up, teaching student is not an easy task to perform.on the whole 總體來(lái)說(shuō)，整個(gè)來(lái)看 eg. On the whole, the book is extremely valuable.in all 總而言之 eg. In all, its great to be a father.in short 簡(jiǎn)而言之 eg. In short, actions speak louder than words.in brief 簡(jiǎn)言之 eg. In brief, to help others is to help yourself.in a word 總之 eg. In a word, we will win while they will lose.in terms 明確地，毫不含糊地 eg. In practical terms, I believe it will work.in sum 總之，簡(jiǎn)而言之 eg. In sum, it is great to be a teacher.to summarize 簡(jiǎn)而言之 eg. To summarize, spare the rod, spoil the children,to conclude 總而言之eg. To conclude, it is true that we should pay more attention to this problem.9.表示次序關(guān)系above all 最重要，首先 eg. Above all, remember to call me when you arrive.afterwards 然后，后來(lái) eg. We played the whole day and afterwards walked home together in the evening.eventually 最后，終于eg. Eventually, he rose to the position of vice president.firstly/first of all 首先，第一 eg. Firstly/ first of all, Ill mention the history.secondly 第二 eg. Secondly, I will mention the present.furthermore 此外，而且 eg. Furthermore, it is not good enough in this respect.finally 最后 eg. Finally, I agree with you on this matter.last but not least 最后eg. Last but not least, my personal effort also plays a small role in the accomplishment of the task.to conclude 總而言之 eg. To conclude, life is not a battle if you want to be a normal man.lastly 最后 eg. Lastly, I must say it will be remembered by people around the world.in the end 最后 eg. In the end, they parted each other at the cross road.10.表示強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系above all 最重要，首先 eg. Above all, the good policy makes us dare to be rich.of course 當(dāng)然 eg. Of course you will fall behind if you dont study harder.indeed 確實(shí) eg. I am indeed very glad to see you are well and sound.most important 最重要 eg. Most important, it is a book for sale first.with great emphasis on 特別強(qiáng)調(diào) eg. He delivered a speech with great emphasis on the solar energy. 11.表示過(guò)渡關(guān)系as regards 關(guān)于，至于eg. As regards your school report, I dont quite agree. as to/as for 關(guān)于，至于eg. Shes very uncertain as to where he is now.by the way 順便提一下eg. By the way, there is a letter for you in the presidents office.with reference to 關(guān)于eg. With reference to further information, please let me know.with regard to 關(guān)于eg. With regard to your score in last examination, I am afraid it is not a good news for you.regarding 關(guān)于 eg. It is a book regarding the War at Hastings.concerning 關(guān)于 eg. Nobody has the information concerning his whereabouts.talking of 談到eg. Talking of philosophy, I know little about it.incidentally 順便提到eg. Incidentally, your proposal has drawn most peoples attention.to resume 再繼續(xù) eg. To resume our discussion, how do you think of Lincoln?to get back to the point 話說(shuō)回來(lái)eg. To get back to the point, have you ever visited Mr Johnson?12表示舉例關(guān)系as follows 如下eg. The reasons are as follows.a case in point 舉個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)睦觘g. A case in point, Qingdao is such a beautiful city. for example 例如eg. For example, Chairman Mao is such a great hero.for instance 例如eg. There are many advantages, for instance, it can make your book perfect.including 包括eg. There are many children there, including a two-year-old baby.to illustrate 為了闡明問(wèn)題eg. To illustrate, I can give you many examples.13.表示同指關(guān)系that is 即，就是，換句話說(shuō) eg. There are two persons there, that is, Tom and Jack.in other word 換句話說(shuō) eg. In other words, we must finish it before he comes.that is to say 即，就是，換句話說(shuō) eg. Lets go back to the original plan, that is to say, you must go there.14.表示時(shí)間關(guān)系after a while 不久，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒 eg. After a while, he came back with smile on his face.afterwards 然后，后來(lái) eg. Tom came in for a cup of tea, and then he went out soon afterwards.at last 終于 eg. At last, we succeed.as long as 只要，在的時(shí)候eg. You may borrow this book as long as you return it.at length 最后 eg. At length he told us the truth.at that time 在那時(shí) eg. At that time, all people were poor.eventually 最后，終于 eg. We waited for her on and on, and eventually she came.finally 最后，終于 eg. After a heated discussion, finally he gave up.in the past 在過(guò)去 eg. In the past he was very naughty.meanwhile 與此同時(shí) eg. Tom was listening to the radio, and meanwhile Adam was reading.presently 現(xiàn)在，此刻 eg. He is presently the president of the U.S.so far 迄今為止 eg. So far hes been to China more than 3 times.thereafter 其后，從那時(shí)以后 eg. Thereafter, they lived a happy life.until 直到才 eg. I did not feel hungry until midnight.until now 到現(xiàn)在為止，迄今 eg. He has not come until now.when 當(dāng)時(shí) eg. I used to listen to the radio when I was young.15.表示條件關(guān)系as long as 只要就eg. You may borrow this book as long as you return it.if 如果eg. If it rains, the sports meeting will be put off.on condition that 如果eg. I can lend my bike to you on condition that you return it to me in time.