2020年高考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)高分巧突破 第1部分 介詞（短語(yǔ)）

2020年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)高分巧突破 第1部分 介詞（短語(yǔ)）語(yǔ)境提示法語(yǔ)境提示法是解答介詞類試題最常用的方法，要注意熟記介詞的一些基本用法，更要注意一詞多義。1(2020·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics.Aagainst BbeforeCbeyond Dwithout解析：選D考查介詞辨析。句意：沒(méi)有一些數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)，不可能有嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)奈锢硌芯?。without在此表示條件。2(2020·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)It was a real race _ time to get the project done.Luckily, we made it.Aover BbyCfor Dagainst解析：選D考查介詞辨析。句意：為了完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，我們簡(jiǎn)直是在和時(shí)間賽跑啊。幸運(yùn)的是，我們做到了。against表示“與比賽”，符合句意。3(2020·北京高考)Do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?Aat BonCto Dacross解析：選D考查介詞。句意：你覺(jué)得這件襯衣的肩部是不是太緊了？across表示“從一邊到另一邊”，符合句意。近幾年?？嫉慕樵~中，一詞多義或較難的有：1against(表示方位)倚靠著； (表示態(tài)度)反對(duì)；(表示對(duì)比)以為背景An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.(2020·陜西高考)看來(lái)意見(jiàn)達(dá)成一致是不可能了，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)委員會(huì)成員都表示反對(duì)。2off(表示位置)在的外面，在的沿海； (表示方向)偏離；從離開The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place off the main road at the far end of the lake.(2020·遼寧高考)Well Hotel坐落于湖盡頭的大路附近一個(gè)非常安靜的地方。3over(表示位置)在的正上方，在的上面； (表示方向)越過(guò)；(表示等級(jí)或數(shù)目)高于，在之上，超過(guò)；(表示時(shí)間或過(guò)程)在期間I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy over the past couple of weeks.(2020·山東高考)很抱歉我沒(méi)有給您打電話，但是在過(guò)去的兩周里我一直很忙。4beyond(表示位置)在另一邊，在更遠(yuǎn)處； (表示程度)超出，非所能及Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.(2020·全國(guó)卷)聽了她感人的故事，大家都被感動(dòng)的無(wú)以言表。5with(表示關(guān)系)和在一起；(表示狀態(tài))具有，帶有；(表示方式)用，憑借；(表示對(duì)象)關(guān)于 ；(表示伴隨)隨著；(表示原因)由于，因?yàn)門he dictionary is what I want, but I don't have enough money with me.(2020·重慶高考)這本詞典是我想要的東西，但我身上沒(méi)帶那么多錢。6through(表示位置)穿過(guò)；(表示時(shí)間)整個(gè)；(表示手段、媒介)依據(jù)，經(jīng)由Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you through the tough years.(2020·重慶高考)畢業(yè)時(shí)是向那些在艱難歲月里幫助過(guò)你的人表示感謝的好機(jī)會(huì)。固定搭配法固定搭配中介詞(短語(yǔ))的考查是重點(diǎn)，主要包括與動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞的搭配。因此多留意一些短語(yǔ)中介詞的使用非常重要。1(2020·山東高考)The Smiths are praised _ the way they bring up their children.Afrom BbyCat Dfor解析：選D考查介詞。句意：史密斯夫婦因其教養(yǎng)孩子的方式而受到贊揚(yáng)。be praised for .是固定搭配，意為“因而受到贊揚(yáng)”。2(2020·安徽高考)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library _ a book about it.Aon BatCfor Dto解析：選C考查介詞和動(dòng)詞的搭配。句意：在你到某一旅游勝地參觀之前，先在你們當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館找一本與之相關(guān)的書看看。本題考查的是look for短語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閕n your local library這一地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提前插入其中，從而增加了試題的難度。實(shí)際上，后半句是由look for a book about it in your local library演變而來(lái)的。故選C。3(2020·江蘇高考)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you._ the party on July 1st I shall be pleased to attend.AOn account of BIn response toCIn view of DWith regard to解析：選D考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：收到你的電子郵件，我總是很開心。至于七月一日的聚會(huì)，我很樂(lè)意參加。根據(jù)句意可知，with regard to“關(guān)于，至于”正確。on account of“由于，因?yàn)椤?；in response to“響應(yīng)，對(duì)有反應(yīng)”；in view of“鑒于，考慮到”。4(2020·遼寧高考)_ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.ABy means of BOn behalf ofCIn search of DFor fear of解析：選B考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我代表在場(chǎng)的所有人祝您歸國(guó)旅途愉快。on behalf of“代表”，符合句意。by means of“借助手段”；in search of“尋找”；for fear of“唯恐”。介詞的固定搭配考查有兩種：一是考查固定搭配中的介詞；二是考查介詞短語(yǔ)。近五年考查到的介詞(短語(yǔ))的固定搭配有：1inin the meanwhile 同時(shí)in the way 阻擋in time 及時(shí)；最終in detail 詳細(xì)地in favour of 同意in case 以免；萬(wàn)一in return 作為回報(bào)in exchange for 用以交換2forbe praised for 因?yàn)槭艿奖頁(yè)P(yáng)for life 終生for the benefit of 為了的利益as for 就而論；關(guān)于be trained for 被訓(xùn)練為for lack of 由于缺乏3onon behalf of 代表on the contrary 相反on condition that . 以作為條件4withhave an appointment with 與有約會(huì)with regard to 關(guān)于5aboveabove average 在平均數(shù)以上above all 首先；最重要的是6byby chance 偶然；碰巧by name 用名字7fromapart from 除之外far from 遠(yuǎn)非8againstwarn sb. against (doing) sth.警告某人不要做某事9out ofout of control 失去控制out of place 不在合適的位置；不適當(dāng)?shù)膐ut of one's reach 某人夠不著的地方out of the question 不可能out of question 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.(2020·北京高考)我和史密斯醫(yī)生有個(gè)約會(huì)，但我需要改一下。You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be for life.(2020·安徽高考)你可以換工作，可以搬家，但友誼卻可以終生受用。Apart from good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.除了良好的服務(wù)，本飯店還提供不同種類的傳統(tǒng)閩菜。1(2020·蘭州市高三二模)Look at this year's sales figures _ last year's; they're much better.Aagainst BfromCwith Dbetween解析：選A句意：看看今年與去年的銷量對(duì)比，今年要好多了。此處against表示對(duì)比，意為“以為背景”。2(2020·陜西省長(zhǎng)安一中模擬)Have you made an apology _ him _ breaking his window?Yes, I have.Afor; to Bto; toCfor; for Dto; for解析：選D考查短語(yǔ)make an apology to sb. for sth.“因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼浮?。句意：“你打破了他的窗子向他道歉了嗎？”“是的，我道歉了。?(2020·江西贛中四校高三第二次聯(lián)考)A special title was awarded to Zhang Lili, an ordinary Chinese teacher, _ her act of bravery to rescue two students at the risk of her own life.Ain favor of Bin place ofCin honor of Din terms of解析：選C考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：張麗莉一位普通的語(yǔ)文教師，被授予一個(gè)特殊的稱號(hào)，以表彰她冒著生命危險(xiǎn)挽救兩名學(xué)生的英勇事跡。in favor of“支持，擁護(hù)”；in place of“代替”；in honor of“紀(jì)念；表彰”；in terms of“談及；就而言”。故選C。4(2020·濟(jì)南一中模擬)After graduation, Frank often thought of those who had helped him _ his school life.Aof BacrossCat Dthrough解析：選D句意：畢業(yè)后，弗朗克經(jīng)常想起那些幫他度過(guò)了學(xué)校生活的人們。此處through意為“經(jīng)歷，度過(guò)”，符合題意。5(2020·濰坊市高三二模)Parents are advised to take pressure _ their children and give them some encouragement before an exam.Aoff BoverCfrom Dto解析：選A句意：建議父母在考試前給孩子們減壓，并且給他們一些鼓勵(lì)。take . off/out of意為“把從中除去”。6(2020·濱州市一模) _ contents, Mo Yan frequently writes about his own hometown, Gaomi, Shandong Province.AIn terms of BRegardless ofCAccording to DIn addition to解析：選A句意：就內(nèi)容來(lái)說(shuō)，莫言經(jīng)常寫到他的家鄉(xiāng)，山東省高密市。in terms of“就而言”；regardless of“無(wú)論；不管”；according to“按照”；in addition to“除之外還”。