2020年高考英語一輪復習 Unit 2 Robots習題 新人教版選修7

Unit 2　Robots 【熱點話題】 Interpersonal relationship(人際關(guān)系) 父母與孩子缺乏交流 體裁：說明文 寫作思路： 提出問題——分析原因 【美文誦讀】 Recently，many teenagers like to spend more time in playing mobile phones，sleeping，hanging out with their friends or staying in their rooms instead of talking to their parents. Why does it occur？I_think_it_is_for_lack_of① communication .Teenagers seek help from their friends，or others in_time_of② difficulties and problems instead of from their parents or families.One_of_the_main_factors_affecting_the_communication_between_parents_and_children_is_age_difference③. For_one_thing④，we have this so­called communication gap.Our parents often forget about children's wants and needs before they decide to do something，or buy something.If_our_parents_know _these,_potential_communication_problems_may_be_solved．⑤ For another thing，communication is two­way.Both parents and children should listen to each other and respect each other. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【學海拾貝】 按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。 1．因為缺錢，這次旅行不得不取消了。(lack) The_trip_has_to_be_cancelled_for_lack_of_money． 2．當遇到麻煩時，他總是向他的父親尋求幫助。(in time of) He always turns to his father for help in_time_of_trouble． 3．將③句改為含有定語從句的復合句。 One_of_the_main_factors_that_affect_the_communication_between_parents_and_children is age difference. 4．我沒能買車，一方面是因為我不會開車，另一方面是因為我沒有足夠的錢。(for one thing...for another thing...) I can't buy a car.For_one_thing，I can't drive. For_another_thing，I don't have enough money. 5．將⑤句改為含有獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。 Our_parents_knowing_these potential communication problems may be solved. Ⅰ.按要求寫出下列單詞 1．小說，虛構(gòu)或想象出來的事n.fiction 2．同情，同情心n.sympathy 3．事務，曖昧關(guān)系，事情n.affair 4．軟墊，靠墊 n．cushion 5．喜愛，恩惠；偏袒n.& v．favour 6．數(shù)碼的，數(shù)字的adj.digital 7．章，篇，回 n．chapter 8．全體員工，手杖 n．staff 9．職員n.clerk 10．傳記 n．biography 11．警報，驚恐；使警覺n.& v．a(chǎn)larm 使人恐慌的adj.alarming 擔心的，害怕的adj. alarmed 12．使尷尬，使不安v. embarrass 令人尷尬的adj. embarrassing 尷尬的adj.embarrassed 13．極壞的，討厭的adj.awful 極壞地，討厭地adv. awfully 14．優(yōu)雅的，高雅的adj. elegant 優(yōu)雅地，高雅地adv. elegantly 優(yōu)雅，高雅n.elegance 15．天才，才干n.talent 有天賦的，有才能的adj. talented 用所給單詞的適當形式填空。 1．She desired a lot of money and her desire for wealth made her put all her money in the bank.When she learned that it was possible that interest rate should be reduced，she almost went crazy.(desire) 2．—What you said embarrassed the girl greatly.No wonder she was so embarrassed as to run out. —Don't you think it so embarrassing？(embarrass) 3．She entered the hall elegantly and many gentlemen were attracted by her elegance．(elegant) 4．She felt_awful when looking at the awfully painted figure.(awful) 5．It was not easy for her to see the absurdity of his absurd decision.(absurdly) Ⅱ.翻譯下列短語 1．希望/渴望做某事 desire_to_do_sth. 2．一定做…… be_bound_to 3．考驗，試驗 test_out 4．將……放在一邊；節(jié)?。槐Ａ?set_aside 5．做……使某人尷尬 embarrass_sb._by_doing_sth. 6．同情某人feel/have_sympathy_for_sb. 7．陪伴某人去accompany_sb.to_a_place 8．轉(zhuǎn)身，轉(zhuǎn)向turn_around 9．不管，不理會，讓……獨自待著leave...alone 10．嚴肅對待，認真對待 take...seriously 選用上述短語完成下列短文。 Lily (1) desired_to have a household robot.Yesterday her husband (2) accompanied her (3) to the biggest robot market to buy one.The assistant recommended a robot to Lily，promising that it (4) was_bound_to help Lily do all kinds of housework.Besides，it could even dress Lily as if she were a child.Lily didn't like being dressed like that，so she (5) turned_around and left the market. Ⅲ.重點句型 1．As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.(p.11) 她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過身，就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那里。 there stand(s)．..“有……；站……；聳立……”。 這是倒裝句型。除there外，here，now，then，in，out，away等副詞放在句首時也用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 John opened the door，and there_stood a beautiful girl he had never seen before. 約翰打開門，看到一個他從未見過的靚女站在那里。 ——————————————————————— [模仿造句] 用倒裝句型完成下列句子。 (1)Once upon a time，there_lived_six_blind_men． (住著六個瞎子)in a small village in India. (2)Out_rushed_the_students (學生們沖出教室)when the bell rang. (3)The door opened，and in_came_Professor_Zhang(張教授進來了)，followed by two of his assistants. 2．It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.(p.11) 機器人如此通人性，這使她覺得心煩和害怕。 It is＋adj＋that­clause. It是形式主語，that從句叫主語從句。 It is absurd that_he_believes_the_number_13_has_brought _him_the_bad_luck． 他認為是13這個數(shù)字給他帶來了厄運，這太可笑了。 ——————————————————————— [模仿造句] 用上述句型完成下列句子。 (1) Isn't it surprising that_only_two_people_were_slightly _injured(只有兩人受了輕傷)in the accident? (2)It is certain that_you_will_pass_the_exam(你會考試及格)if you work hard at your lessons. 3．His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.(p.11) 他的名字叫托尼， 他看起來與其說像機器， 倒不如說更像人。 more A than B　與其說B……不如說A The girl was more frightened than hurt. 與其說女孩受傷了，倒不如說她嚇壞了。 ——————————————————————— [模仿造句] 用上述句型完成下列句子。 與其說李平像我的哥哥，不如說他是我的朋友。 Li_Ping_is_more_like_my_friend_than_my_brother． 用上述句型翻譯下列小片段。 在一個僻靜的小鄉(xiāng)村里住著一位老人，老人養(yǎng)了一些可愛的小狗。老人不讓小狗們跑出他的院子，他喜歡看小狗們在他的小院里追逐嬉鬧。村民們都說老人與小狗們相處得如此好真是令人驚異。而老人卻說，“這些小狗對我來說太重要了。與其說他們是小狗，倒不如說他們是我的孩子?！? There_lived__an_old_man_in_a_quiet_village.The_old_man_had_some_lovely_puppies.He_wouldn't_have_his_puppies_running_out.The_old_man_liked_to_see_them_running_one_after_another_in_his_courtyard.The_villagers_said_it_was_amazing_that_the_old_man_should_get_on_so_well_with_the_puppies.And_the_old_man_said，“They_are_too_important_to_me.they_are_more_like_my_children_than_puppies.” 表正反關(guān)系的連接詞：although，but，however，instead，nevertheless，on the contrary，otherwise，to the opposite，while，yet，unfortunately等。這類連接詞表明下文講述的將是相反的或全新的內(nèi)容或觀點，需要格外注意。閱讀時如遇到這些詞，應放慢閱讀速度，多留心上下文在意義上的轉(zhuǎn)變。 表因果(目的)關(guān)系的連接詞：as，as a result，because(of)，consequently，due to，for，now that，since，so，so...that...，in order to，therefore，thus等。這類連接詞也是幫助理解行文思路的有用信號。 表順序(層次)關(guān)系的連接詞：after(that)，another，before，first(ly)，second(ly)，third(ly)，at last，finally，later on，next，then，on the one hand等。 關(guān)注這類連接詞有助于迅速理清文章的基本脈絡。 【例?】 Supporters say that there are many benefits of service learning.Perhaps most importantly，students are forced to think.They are also able to learn how to work as part of a team.________，students can explore possible careers through service learning. A．Gradually　　　　　　　　B．Finally C．Luckily D．Obviously 解析：most importantly，also與finally使文章層次清楚，選B。 答案：B 【例?】 The total production of Nordmann trees in Europe is about 30 million per year while the________is 33 million to 35 million. A．production B．demand C．possession D．number 解析：while提示上下文為正反關(guān)系，production與demand構(gòu)成這種關(guān)系，故選B。 答案：B 【例?】 He realized that his drug addiction was so________that I could easily see it. A．physical B．obvious C．particular D．mental 解析：so...that提示上下文為因果關(guān)系，obvious為因， I could easily see it為果。故選B。 答案：B 運用所學的解題技巧完成下列微型完形填空題。 (一) Remember that time waits for no one. So__1__waiting until you get married；until you have kids；until you retire；until you get a new car...There is no better time than right now to be happy.Happiness is a__2__，not a destination.So，work like you don't need money，dance like no one's watching，and love like you've never been hurt. 1．A.keep B．stop C．need D．remember 解析：so表明上下文為因果關(guān)系。 答案：B 2．A.feeling B．journey C．method D．solution 解析：journey與destination為反義詞復現(xiàn)。 答案：B (二) She then traveled to London.At first，Isadora danced with her feet bare at garden parties and other small social gatherings.__1__her popularity grew，and London became the first place Isadora was ever really accepted.She moved from the private salons(沙龍) to the great __2__，and was soon touring throughout Europe and America. 1．A.Suddenly B．Unexpectedly C．Gradually D．Obviously 解析：at first，...gradually 使上下文層次分明。 答案：C 2．A.studios B．stages C．parties D．corners 解析：dance與stage構(gòu)成語義關(guān)聯(lián)。 答案：B (三) A customer begins with a catalogue(目錄) of possible items，selects an item，arranges a form of payment，and sends an order.Instead of a physical catalogue，e­commerce arranges for catalogues to be　1　on the Internet.Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone，e­commerce arranges for order to be sent over a computer network.__2__，instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check，e­commerce allows one to send payment information electronically. 1．A.visible B．responsible C．practical D．sensible 解析：“visible on the Internet”與前面的“physical catalogue”構(gòu)成正反關(guān)系。 答案：A 2．A.Additionally B．Secondly C．Firstly D．Finally 解析：這里表示順序。 答案：D 第一節(jié)　閱讀理解 閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。 A The 2020 Nobel Prize in Literature went to the French novelist for“the art of memory with which he has uncovered the life­world of the occupation”． Although the 69­year­old writer is a very popular literary figure in France，he is little known elsewhere. So who is this Patrick Modiano，why does his memory have such an influence upon him, and what exactly has he uncovered? Modiano was born in a suburb of Paris right after World War Ⅱ ended in Europe in July 1945.His father was a Jewish­Italian businessman who met his Belgian actress mother during the Nazi occupation of Paris. As The New Yorker magazine put it，Europeans born in 1945 share a condition—They escaped the war，but “not the taint(污點)of the war”． Modiano's life has been influenced by Nazi Germany's occupation during the war，and his family's connections to it.According to New York­based newspaper Forward，his father survived the war dishonorably.When Paris' Jews were brought together to be sent to concentration camps，the businessman did not join them but spent the time making money from deals with Nazis on the black market. “The novelist has a duty to record the lives of the people who have disappeared，the people who were made to disappear，” French writer Clemence Boulouque，also an expert in Jewish studies，told The New Yorker magazine. In his more than three dozen novels，Modiano has returned again and again to the same themes：Jewishness，the Nazi occupation，and the loss of identity.His characters collect pieces of old evidence，handwriting，photographs，police files，and newspaper cuttings. His most admired novel，Missing Person，is a good example.It's the story about a detective who has lost his memory.He tries to find out who he really is by following his own steps through history. Although Modiano's win is a surprise outside France，people are celebrating in his home country.Modiano is the 15th French literature winner.After Le Clezio's 2020 win，it seemed unlikely that there would be another so soon. 1．The passage is mainly about________． A．a(chǎn) literary figure's personal affairs B．a(chǎn) famous novelist's family background C．a(chǎn) Nobel Prize winner and his literary achievement D．European people's sufferings during World War Ⅱ 2．Which of the following statements about Patrick Modiano is TRUE according to the passage? A．He is a survivor of World War Ⅱ. B．He tried to find back his lost identity. C．World War II has an impact on his life. D．He was world­famous before winning the Nobel Prize. 3．Modiano won the Nobel Prize because of________． A．his extraordinary character B．his unique way of recording history C．his characters' unusual experiences D．his special connections to the war 4．It can be inferred from the passage that________． A．Modiano's parents were sent to the concentration camp B．Modiano's winning the Nobel Prize was beyond expectation C．Modiano's father had nothing to do with the Nazis D．Clemence Boulouque is also of Jewish origin 語篇解讀：本文為記敘文。介紹了2020年諾貝爾文學獎獲得者法國作家帕特里克·莫迪亞諾及其文學成就。 1．解析：主旨大意題。文章第一至三段提出主題；第四至九段介紹了帕特里克·莫迪亞諾的作品的特點；最后一段是對帕特里克·莫迪亞諾的評價。由此可見本題答案為C項。 答案：C 2．解析： 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知帕特里克·莫迪亞諾是在二戰(zhàn)后出生的，不是二戰(zhàn)的幸存者，故排除A項；倒數(shù)第三段提到了“the loss of identity”，但那是在介紹帕特里克·莫迪亞諾文學作品的主題并非B項內(nèi)容，故排除B項；根據(jù)第二段可知帕特里克·莫迪亞諾在獲得諾貝爾獎之前只是在法國很有名氣，與D項中的“world­famous”相悖，故排除D項。根據(jù)第六段第一句可知帕特里克·莫迪亞諾的生活受到了二戰(zhàn)的影響，故答案為C項。 答案：C 3．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“uncovered the life­world of the occupation”(揭開了被占領期間人們的生活世界)及倒數(shù)第二、三、四段可推知答案為B項。 答案：B 4．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知答案為B項。 答案：B B E­cigarettes look high­tech，so it's easy to believe that they're safe to smoke.Unfortunately，they're not：E­cigarettes are just another way of putting nicotine into your body. Electronic cigarettes are smoking devices often designed to look and feel like regular cigarettes. They are filled with a liquid that contains nicotine, flavorings，and other chemicals. A heating device in the e­cigarette changes the liquid into a vapor (煙霧)the person breathes in. Because e­cigarettes don't burn tobacco, people don't breathe in the same amount of carbon monoxide as they would with a regular cigarette.But anyone using an e­cig still gets an amount of nicotine and other chemicals. Electronic cigarettes started out being marketed to smokers as a way to help them quit. Now e­cigarettes have been mainstreamed.Scientists expect to see more information coming out about e­cigarettes and their health effects. E­cigarettes don't fill the lungs with harmful smoke，but that doesn't make them a healthy alternative to regular cigarettes.When you use an e­cigarette，you're still putting nicotine—which is absorbed through your lungs—into your system. In addition to being an addictive drug，researchers at the University of Utah used some animals to conduct a study to prove the toxic effects of nicotine.Later it was once even used as a chemical drug to kill some insects in agriculture. Nicotine affects your brain，nervous system，and heart.It raises the blood pressure and the heart rate. The larger an amount of nicotine，the more a person's blood pressure and heart rate go up.This can cause an arrhythmia(心律失常)．In rare cases，especially when large amounts of nicotine are involved，arrhythmias can cause heart failure and death. After its first effects disappear gradually，the body starts to desire nicotine.You might feel depressed or tired，and want more nicotine to feel lively again.Over time，nicotine use can lead to serious medical problems，including heart disease，blood clots，and stomach diseases. 1．The underlined word“toxic”in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________． A．safe　　　　　　　　　　B．poisonous C．beneficial D．curable 2．Why did electronic cigarettes come into being? A．Because it was designed to help smokers give up smoking. B．Because smokers meant to have a taste of new products. C．Because the device turned out to be practical for smokers. D．Because it is convenient for smokers to carry. 3．When using an e­cigarette，________． A．you will find it cool B．you will save a lot of money C．you will avoid damaging your body D．you will take nicotine into lungs 4．What does the sixth paragraph mainly talk about? A．The harm of nicotine. B．What nicotine is. C．How arrhythmias form. D．The functions of nicotine. 語篇解讀：電子香煙看似是高科技，但實際上也對人體有害。本文講述了原因。 1．解析：猜測詞義題。根據(jù)畫線詞toxic后的as a chemical drug to kill some insects可知選B項。 答案：B 2．解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知電子香煙是為幫助吸煙者戒煙而設計的，故選A項。 答案：A 3．解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知選D項。 答案：D 4．解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第六段中“尼古丁可以使血壓升高，心跳加快從而導致心律失?！?，可知選A項。 答案：A 第二節(jié)　完形填空 閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～20題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top ____1____，but on their way back conditions were very ____2____．Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon ____3____ alone，he would probably get back ____4____．But Simon decided to risk his ____5____ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope (繩)． As they ____6____ down，the weather got worse.Then another ____7____ occurred.They couldn't see or hear each other and，____8____，Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁)．It was ____9____ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.Joe's ____10____ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.____11____，after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold，Simon had to ____12____．In tears，he cut the rope.Joe ____13____ into a huge crevasse (裂縫) in the ice below.He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldn't walk，but he ____14____ to get out of the crevasse and started to ____15____ towards their camp，nearly ten kilometers ____16____． Simon had ____17____ the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be ____18____，but he didn't want to leave ____19____． Three days later，in the middle of the night，he heard Joe's voice.He couldn't ____20____ it.Joe was there，a few meters from their tent, still alive. 1．A.hurriedly　　　　　　　　B．carefully C．successfully D．early 2．A.difficult B．similar C．special D．normal 3．A.climbed B．worked C．rested D．continued 4．A.unwillingly B．safely C．slowly D．regretfully 5．A.fortune B．time C．health D．life 6．A.lay B．settled C．went D．looked 7．A.damage B．storm C．change D．trouble 8．A.by mistake B．by chance C．by choice D．by luck 9．A.unnecessary B．practical C．important D．impossible 10．A.height B．weight C．strength D．equipment 11．A.Finally B．Patiently C．Surely D．Quickly 12．A.stand back B．take a rest C．make a decision D．hold on 13．A.jumped B．fell C．escaped D．backed 14．A.managed B．planned C．waited D．hoped 15．A.run B．skate C．move D．march 16．A.around B．a(chǎn)way C．a(chǎn)bove D．a(chǎn)long 17．A.headed for B．traveled to C．left for D．returned to 18．A.dead B．hurt C．weak D．late 19．A.secretly B．tiredly C．immediately D．a(chǎn)nxiously 20．A.find B．believe C．make D．a(chǎn)ccept 語篇解讀：本文為記敘文，題材是人物故事類。兩名勇敢的攀登者成功地從修拉格蘭德西坡登頂，然而在返回的途中，發(fā)生了意想不到的事情。 1．解析：連詞but提示前后句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。由下文他們在返回途中遭遇到的困難可知，此處表示他們成功地登上了山頂。 答案：C 2．解析：他們成功登頂，但是在返回的路上情況變得艱難起來。 答案：A 3．解析：根據(jù)上文on their way back以及下文get back可知，這里指如果Simon一個人繼續(xù)往回走的話。 答案：D 4．解析：Simon是有可能獨自安全(safely)返回的。 答案：B 5．解析：但是Simon決定冒生命危險用繩子將Joe放到山下去。risk one's life意為“冒生命危險”。 答案：D 6．解析：當他們下降(go down)時，天氣越發(fā)惡劣起來。lie down躺下；settle down安頓下來；look down俯視。 答案：C 7．解析：根據(jù)下文可推斷出，這里指又一件麻煩事(trouble)發(fā)生了。 答案：D 8．解析：根據(jù)上文“他們既看不到彼此也聽不到彼此的聲音”推斷，這里指Simon錯將Joe放到了峭壁的邊緣。A：錯誤地；B：偶然地；C：出于自己的選擇；D：僥幸。 答案：A 9．解析：根據(jù)下文可知，Simon最終割斷了繩子，由此推斷：Joe爬上來或是Simon把他拉上來是不可能了。 答案：D 10．解析：Joe的體重(weight)正慢慢將Simon拽向峭壁。A：高度；C：力量；D：設備。 答案：B 11．解析：終于(Finally)，在黑暗與徹骨的寒冷中掙扎一個多小時之后，Simon不得不作出抉擇。B：耐心地；C：必定；D：迅速地。 答案：A 12．解析：根據(jù)下文“Simon流著淚割斷了繩索”可知，這就是他作出的決定(make a decision)。 答案：C 13．解析：割斷繩子后，Joe落入(fall into)冰層下面的一個巨大的裂縫中。 答案：B 14．解析：根據(jù)下文started to...towards their camp可推斷出，Joe設法離開了那個裂縫。manage to do意為“做成；設法完成”。 答案：A 15．解析：根據(jù)上文“He couldn't walk”可推斷出，move(移動，挪動)一詞最符合語境。 答案：C 16．解析：營地離此處將近10公里遠。副詞away表示“在(某距離)處”。 答案：B 17．解析：Simon已經(jīng)返回(return to)山腳下的營地。A：前往；B：去……(旅行)；C：動身去。 答案：D 18．解析：根據(jù)文章最后一句中still alive可推斷出，Simon原以為Joe一定是死了。 答案：A 19．解析：根據(jù)下文時間狀語Three days later可推斷出，這里指Simon并未立即(immediately)離開營地。 答案：C 20．解析：三天后的夜里，Joe竟然奇跡般地活著回到了營地，這當然是令Simon難以置信的，故答案選B。 答案：B 第三節(jié)　短文改錯 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一條橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 (經(jīng)典再現(xiàn))I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.From the time I was about four until I was about six，I destroyed each of my toy.I was happy when the toys worked，but when things did wrong，I got angry and broke it.For a while parents bought me new toys.But before long they began to see which was happening.When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train，my father said, “That's it.No more toys to you.”My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.My attitude changed from then on. 答案：