2020高考英語一輪復習同步攻關 unit 4 Earthquakes學案 必修1

Unit 4 Earthquakes導讀：天災無情，大愛無疆。只要人人奉獻一點愛，這個世界將變成美好的人間。洛杉磯市長的激揚文字，真正地讓我們感到愛的無處不在，難道我們不為之動容嗎？面對天災人禍，我們該如何施展我們的“大愛”呢？你也許認為大洋會把我們分開或因不同的政府而分離或是，因文化的不同而隔膜。但是，當土地在我們腳下顫抖不論在加州還是中國，人們心靈相通突然間汶川地震后美國洛杉磯市長致中國人民的親筆信政治、金錢與所有既定的計劃都不再重要。地震非福非禍他是(上帝的)測試檢驗人們心中的仁慈。From Newsifeng. com請根據(jù)語義及提示寫出單詞1.Twothirds of the people died or were _(受傷) during the earthquake.2. A great part of the city was d_ in the earthquake.3. Seeing a baby crying in the burning house, the firemen r_ her from the house.4. J_ from his appearance, the manager can't be over 60.5. Most of the miners were _(埋葬) alive in the accident.6. If we don't take firm and effective measures to fight against pollution, the result is _(extremely)7. He has been give the _(稱號) of a Good Son of the People because he has devoted all his life to the poor small mountain village.8. I would like to _ (expression) my thanks to the teachers who have given me so much help in my poor situation.9. All stars have held the concert without any pay to collect money for _(受災的) area.10. I have witnessed the _(恐怖的) traffic accident.injured2. destroyed3. rescued4. Judging5. buried6. extreme 7. title 8. express9. disasterhit 10. frightening請根據(jù)語義寫出短語1. in_ 破敗不堪2. _of 代替3. _ from/by 依判斷4. give_ 分發(fā)5. right _ 立刻；馬上6. begin_以開始7. _to 提及8. take_ to do sth.輪流做某事9. raise_to do sth. 集資做某事10. at an _結束ruins 2. instead 3. judge 4. out5. away 6. with 7. refer 8. turns9. money10. end1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. (P26)2. It seemed as if the world was at an end! (P26)3. All hope was not lost. (P26) rescue n&vt.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.(2) The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.(3) Michael rescued a boy from drowning.根據(jù)語義找匹配營救B. 救援(1) A(2) B(3) A短語rescue sb. / sth. from sb. / sp. 把從營救出來come to/ go to sb.'s rescue rescue sb. 援救某人a rescue team 救援隊a rescue mission 救援任務rescue workers 救援人員用rescue的適當形式填空(1) The mother, along with her two children, _from the sinking boat by a passing ship.(2) The firemen _ five children from the burning house yesterday.(1) has been rescued(2) rescued judge n&vt.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) His father used to be a judge.(2) She's a good judge of wine.(3) He was one of the judge in the final.(4) Don't judge a man by his looks.根據(jù)語義找匹配判斷B. 鑒賞家C. 法官D. 裁判(1) C(2) B(3) D(4) A短語judge sb. / sth. by/from 通過判斷judging from/by 從來看， 根據(jù)判斷judge between right and wrong 判斷是非in one's judgement 依某人看；依某人判斷句型as far as I judge 在我看來Don't judge a book by its cover. 不可憑外表作出判斷。溫馨提示judging from/by是一個獨立成分句型，一般地說，它只用其v.ing形式作狀語。Judging from the sky, it's likely to rain. 從天空中看，天好像要下雨了。用與judge相關的詞匯填空(1) _ from his appearance, he must be a rich man.(2) _， he must be from the south.(1) Judging(2) In her judgment ruin vt.&n.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) The hurricane ruined all the houses here.(2) He ruined his prospects by carelessness.(3)After the earthquake, all the buildings in the city were in ruins.根據(jù)語義找匹配斷送B. 摧毀C. 廢墟(1) B(2) A(3) C短語be in ruins 呈一片廢墟fall into ruin 變成廢墟come to ruin 毀滅，落空ruin oneself 自我毀滅bring sb. to ruin 使毀滅辨析ruin/damage/destroyruin 指徹底摧毀一件事物，特別是美好、珍貴的事物，并使其無法修復；damage主要用于無生命的東西，常指對價值和功能的損壞，可修復；destroy意為“毀壞，消滅”，指不可修復的破壞。根據(jù)語境使用ruin的正確形式填空We visited the _ of Yuanmingyuan last summer. It _ by the foreign invaders. Seeing the _ palace we feel very pitiful.ruins; was ruined; ruinedinjure vt.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) They were slightly/seriously/badly injured in the crash.(2) This could seriously injure the school's reputation.根據(jù)語義找匹配受傷B. 損害(1) A(2) B鏈接injured adj. 受傷的injury n. 傷口，受傷處短語do an injury to sb. 傷害某人an injured look / expression 一副委屈的樣子/神色injured pride / feelings 受傷的自尊/感情辨析wound/harm/hurt/injure/spoilwound 指利器或子彈對肉體造成的傷害。In the modern war, not many soldiers were wounded or killed.harm 指無形的傷害，“對有害”。常指傷及一個人的健康、權利、事業(yè)等。Don't often listen to the loud music. It will harm your hearing.hurt (肉體或精神上的)傷害；(身體部位)感到疼，強調疼痛。Your words really hurt him a lot.It hurts me to think that so many people died in the flood.injure 常指各種性質的身體上或精神上的傷害。多指事故中人或物的損傷，包括容貌、生理、身體等。He fell from the second floor and was badly injured/hurt.spoil vt. 強調“元氣上、價值上、或活力上的損壞”，也指日常生活中的某事“不順利，碰釘子”。Postcards always spoil my holidays.明信片老是破壞我的假期。巧記：根據(jù)語境用injure的恰當形式填空(1)Most people protect themselves from _ to their selfesteem, for they think if their selfesteem was _ greatly, they will feel _.injury; injured; injured單項填空()(2) My chest _ when I make a deep breath, doctor.A. harms B. woundsC. hurts D. injuresC考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境：我在深呼吸時會胸痛。其后沒有賓語，只能用不及物動詞hurt，所以答案是C。 the number of n(pl.)The number of the students standing outside is about twenty.站在外面的學生的數(shù)目大約是20。the number of n(pl.)表示“的數(shù)量”。作主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。表示數(shù)量的多少，用large和small, 不用many和few。如：表示“許多”的短語(1)a large / great/good number ofa great manya good few / quite a few n. (復數(shù))(作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式)(作主語，謂語動詞根據(jù)amount的單復數(shù)決定)(2) many amore than one n. (單數(shù))(作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式)(3) a great/ good deal ofquite a little n. (不可數(shù)名詞)(作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式)(4) a large amount oflarge amounts of n. (不可數(shù)名詞)辨析the number of / a number ofa number of可數(shù)名詞，意為“許多的、大量的”，其后的謂語動詞用復數(shù)；the number of可數(shù)名詞，意為“的數(shù)目”， 其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(作主語，謂語動詞根據(jù)quantity 的數(shù)決定)(5) a large quantity oflarge quantities of n. (復數(shù))或 n. (不可數(shù)名詞)單項填空()(1) The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 2020;2020.A. is B. areC. has been D. have beenC考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。主語是 the number of foreign students, 故謂語動詞用單數(shù)，又因時間狀語是since 2020;2020，所以用完成時態(tài)。() (2) With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth _ each year.A. is washing awayB. is being washed awayC. are washing awayD. are being washed awayD考查主謂一致。quantities of后既可接不可數(shù)名詞，也可接可數(shù)名詞，其謂語動詞根據(jù)quantity的數(shù)確定，所以答案是D。() (3) Good amounts of sleep every night_ also important for your health.A. is B. areC. was D. wereB考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。amounts of 后只接不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞和amount的數(shù)保持一致，由于其時間是every night，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以答案是B。 at an end(1) Be patient, his speech will be at an end soon.(2) The war was finally at an end.根據(jù)語境，at an end意思是：_at an end finished結束，終止(常作表語)短語at the end of 在盡頭(末)(指時間和空間)by the end of 到末為止(與過去完成時連用)in the end 最后，終于at a loose end 無所事事，處于雜亂狀態(tài)make ends meet 收支相抵come to an end結束(用作謂語)draw to an end 接近尾聲bringto an end使終止put an end to 使終止用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end填空(1) How many English words have you learned _ last term?(2) He became an outstanding doctor _.(3) My uncle will fly to China _ this year.(1) by the end of(2) in the end(3) at the end of你知道這道題的正確答案是什么嗎？為什么？()They walked and walked until they came _ the end of the stream.A. at B. byC. in D. toD首先我們知道by the end of后不跟地點；in the end是一個獨立使用的短語；雖然at the end of 后接地點，但它所表示的是“在的盡頭或末尾”，表示狀態(tài)。而本題的語境所表示的是“來到了溪流的盡頭”，所以答案是D。 In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(P26)農家大院里的雞，甚至豬都緊張得不想吃食。(1) tooto太以至不能The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box.這男孩太虛弱，舉不起那個重箱子。(2)當tooto跟少數(shù)形容詞(如ready，glad，pleased，apt，willing，inclined，eager, easy, satisfied等)搭配時，不定式無否定意義。He is too ready to promise. 他輕于許諾。Beginners are too apt to make mistakes. 初學者極易出錯。(3) tooto的否定形式not tooto的意思是“不是太而不能”。He is not too young to dress himself.他不是小得連衣服都不會穿。It is never too old to learn. 活到老，學到老。(4)cannot(或can never)too/enough表示“怎么也不會過分”、“越越好”的含義。One cannot be careful enough in making the decision as it was such a critical case.因為這是一個如此重要的問題，所以在做出決定時無論怎樣謹慎都不過分。I can't thank you too much for giving me so much help.我對你給予我那么大的幫助感激不盡。 It seemed as if the world was at an end! (P26)世界似乎到了末日！ as if當as if引導從句時，我們一定要根據(jù)語境判斷語義是否符合客觀實際，符合客觀實際就用陳述語氣，即：該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)；不符合客觀實際就用虛擬語氣，即：as if 主語 had done sth.(從句謂語動詞發(fā)生在過去)did / were(從句謂語動詞發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在)would do sth.(從句謂語動詞發(fā)生在將來)巧記：had donedid/ werewould do之前謂語動詞 之后鏈接(1) as if/as though (似乎是，好像是)的功能 引導表語從句，常和動詞look / seem 連用：She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看上去好像年輕了10歲。It seems as if our team is going to win.好像我們隊會贏。 引導方式狀語從句：He treated her as if she were his daughter.他對待她好像是自己的女兒。(2) as if (as though)可用于省略句中：as if 引導的從句?？墒÷灾髡Z和系動詞，這樣其后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞(如文中例句)。He acts as if (he were)a fool / mad.他做事像個傻子 / 像瘋了一樣。Tom raised his hands as if (he were going) to say something.湯姆舉起手好像要說什么。根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子(1) There are masses of dark clouds in the sky. It seems as if it _(將要) rain.(2) He talked as if he _(知曉) everything in the world.(1)is going to從“天空中烏云密布”，我們就可以判斷出天要下雨的可能性相當大，所以我們用陳述語氣，因是客觀推測的將來，所以答案是is going to。(2) had known從語境：他說起話來就好像他窮知世界一切似的?！案F知世界”這是不可能的，所以我們要使用虛擬語氣。根據(jù)本句語境know的動作應發(fā)生在talk之前，所以用had known。 All hope was not lost. (P26)并不是所有的希望都破滅了。All the students do not know how to deal with the problem. Not all the students know how to deal with the problem.并非所有的學生都知道如何解決個問題。1. all, both, each, every, everyone, everything, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等表示“全體”意義的代詞、副詞或形容詞與否定詞not連用時，一般都表示部分否定。巧記：只要表示“全體”意義的詞與否定詞連用，都是部分否定。2. 如果句子中出現(xiàn)下列詞或短語則該句為全部否定：none ofn./pro.;neithern./pro.;non.;nothing; nobody; neither; never; nowhere; neithernor等。翻譯句子(1) 并非這兩個學生都喜歡這個故事。_(2) 這兩個學生都不喜歡這個故事。_(1) Both of the students don't like the story.(2) Neither of the students likes the story.