【優(yōu)化指導(dǎo)】（課標(biāo)全國(guó)）高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)47 北師大版

【優(yōu)化指導(dǎo)】（課標(biāo)全國(guó)）高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)47 北師大版一、單項(xiàng)填空1(2020福建聯(lián)考)The headmaster recommended that we _ to school on time or the afternoon English reading.Ahad come Bwould comeCcome Dcame2(2020安慶月考)After a heated discussion，a new plan came _ being，which would have a great effect _ the study of the students.Ainto；for Bto；toCfrom；at Dinto；on3(2020淮南月考)When he didnt know how to get out of the building，a boy _ him _.Ashowed；out Bshowed；inCshowed；around Dshowed；off4(2020許昌模擬)Because of their new house，they have _ a high mortgage.Aburdened them with Bburdened themselves withCburdened with Dburdened5(2020湖北聯(lián)考)Every student is expected to _ in the school activities actively.Aundertake BparticipateCapproach Dguarantee6Its not _ books you read but the way _ you read them that decides how successfully you gain knowledge.Athe number of；不填 Ba number of；in whichCa good many；which Dquite a few；in which7Is there a _ seat in the smoking area？I need to have a smoke to relieve my temptation.Aempty BvacantCblank Dhollow8Miss Anne has just got her salary raised，so her decision to _ was a great surprise to everyone.Adismiss BresignCretire Dfire9The chemical industry _ most responsibility for the local pollution accidents.Aconcerns BtoleratesCundertakes Dignores10The chairman was _ by secret ballot.It is said that he was forced to resign within three months of his election.Aelected BselectedCpicked Dasked11When he came back，he found his house_and some valuable things_.Abroken in；missing Bbroken into；lostCbroken into；missed Dbroken in；stolen12At first the institute refused to purchase the telescope，but this decision was _ revised.Aoccasionally BconsequentlyCsuccessively Dsubsequently13Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans _.Acame into being Bcame into contactCcame into force Dcame into sight14Standing timidly before the teacher，the girl _ her eyes.Acast about Bcast onCcast down Dcast off15He was obliged to _ that idea.Aabolish BabandonCcancel Ddelete二、完形填空(2020煙臺(tái)聯(lián)考)It was in the past two years that Aaron Segura was always sinking at West Mesa High School in Albuquerque，New Mexico.The 16­year­old student was _1_ in golf，but his _2_ was another matter.Aaron was“just walking through the chapters hard”in courses like chemistry，his grades were low，and he was _3_ to dropping out.It was not that Aaron didnt have _4_；it simply didnt exist in his large，impersonal public high school.Then his mother heard about Albuquerques Charter Vocational High School(特立職業(yè)高中)，a place where students _5_ plenty of one­on­one attention.Something else _6_ Aaron even more.His one strong goal was to go into _7_，and Charter Vocational had just the thing for him：an architectural CAD(computer­aided drafting)program.Aaron _8_ the school at the beginning of his junior year.For the first time，he _9_ himself excited about learning.By the following summer，he had got a(n)_10_ as a draftsman for an architectural firm.His plan was to _11_ drafting professionally after he graduated.If Aaron has anyone to thank for his _12_ of the fortune，it was Danny Moon，a long­time industrial arts teacher.Moon _13_ a vocational apprenticeship(學(xué)徒)program in the mid­1990s，_14_ the Albuquerque school district couldnt pay for any longer.But two years later，in 2000，Moons phone rang.The state had recently _15_ a charter school law，and a district official wonders if Moon might be _16_ in opening a vocational charter school.An easy _17_ .With this sort of instruction，Moon knew he could _18_ students like Aaron，who might have a _19_ time in traditional high schools.Hed also be filling an increasing _20_ across New Mexico for skilled labor.1A.average BexcellentCcurious Ddifferent2A.ability BidealCstudy Dmission3A.certain BcloseCcautious Deager4A.ambition BenergyCcourage Dexperience5A.pay BgainCdraw Dbring6A.appealed BattractedCemployed Dcomforted7A.firm BgolfCchemistry Darchitecture8A.applied BattendedCqualified Dadmitted9A.recognized BenjoyedCfound Ddevoted10A.job BconditionCsituation Doccasion11A.pick up Bmake upCtake up Dset up12A.change BprogressCeffort Dachievement13A.realized BranCdiscovered Doffered14A.since BuntilCthough Dafter15A.passed BmadeCproved Dappeared16A.crazy BfondCinterested Daware17A.direction BanswerCpromise Dsuccess18A.create BworryCregret Dtarget19A.royal BtoughCfree Dshort20A.demand BformCorder Dsatisfaction三、閱讀理解(2020安陽(yáng)模擬)For the people living in the Nile Basin，the river is their life.This 6,825 km waterway，whose watershed(流域)covers three million square kilometers，flows through mountains，woodlands，lakes and deserts.Its potential for fishing，tourism and shipping is greatbut so are its challenges.Water shortage，already serious in Egypt and Sudan，will soon influence several other countries in the watershed as well.Today，about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living.Within the next 25 years，the districts population is expected to double，adding to the demand brought about by growth in industry and agriculture.The frequent drought adds to the urgency.Water quality is also a problem.Precious soil is washed out to sea.Wastes from industry and agriculture create pollution.Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils.Water­borne diseases continue unchecked.In areas where its hot and damp，water hyacinths choke off lakes，dams and other sections of the river，making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move forward.Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by day.Theyve seen the river change course，and their only source of water thickened with mud.Theyre very poor and have few choices.But a new program，the Nile Basin Initiative(NBI)，is offering very practical assistance.The program is more than just a water­management project.Its a plan for the social and economic development of a vast district：it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the environment that supports them.These are whole ecosystem problems，calling for united solutions.Half the Nile Basins countries are among the worlds poorest nations；yet，somehow，they must find the resources，skills and political will to overcome these challenges.1What are the great challenges the Nile Basin faces?AThe development of shipping industry.BOverfishing of native people.CWater shortage and water quality.DIncreasing population and tourism.2The underlined word“hyacinths”(in Paragraph 3)refers to“_”Aanimals BplantsCrocks Dsalts3The program NBI is mainly aimed at _.Apreventing water pollutionBchanging the river courseCimproving living conditions of the poorDpreventing land from becoming desert4What would be the best title of this passage?APeoples Life in Egypt and SudanBFrequent Drought in Egypt and SudanCThe Poorest Countries in the Nile BasinDThe Ecosystem Problems in the Nile Basin參考答案與解析課時(shí)作業(yè)(四十七)Unit 24A卷一、單項(xiàng)填空1解析：在此，recommend表“建議，勸告”，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用should動(dòng)詞原形，且should可以省略。答案：C2解析：come into being和have an effect on為固定搭配。答案：D3解析：由從句可知，此處句意為：一個(gè)男孩領(lǐng)他出去。show sb.out領(lǐng)某人出去。答案：A4解析：burden oneself with sth.為固定用法。答案：B5解析：句意：希望每個(gè)學(xué)生都能積極參加學(xué)校活動(dòng)。undertake“承擔(dān)，從事”；participate(in)“參加，參與”；approach(to)“接近，靠近”；guarantee“保證，擔(dān)保”。答案：B6解析：句意：不是你讀了多少書(shū)，而是你讀書(shū)的方式?jīng)Q定你怎樣成功地獲取知識(shí)。the number of.的數(shù)量；the way后省略了that或in which。答案：A7解析：句意：在吸煙區(qū)有空座位嗎？我需要抽一口緩解一下煙癮。empty“空的，沒(méi)有什么東西的”；blank“空白的，沒(méi)有填寫(xiě)內(nèi)容的”；hollow“中空的”。而vacant表示“未被占用的”。答案：B8解析：dismiss“開(kāi)除”；resign“辭職”；retire“退休”；fire“解雇”。句意：安妮女士剛被提升了工資，所以她的辭職使每個(gè)人都始料不及。答案：B9解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：化學(xué)工業(yè)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐奈廴臼录?fù)大部分責(zé)任。undertake承擔(dān)；concern關(guān)注；tolerate容忍；ignore忽略。答案：C10解析：句意：這個(gè)主席是由不記名投票選出來(lái)的。據(jù)說(shuō)在當(dāng)選的三個(gè)月內(nèi)他就被迫辭職了。elect選舉。答案：A11解析：第一個(gè)空填broken into是因?yàn)閎reak into與his house之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，break in不能用于被動(dòng)形式。第二個(gè)空表示“丟失的或者被偷的”，應(yīng)用missing，lost，stolen等。答案：B12解析：句意：起初學(xué)院拒絕購(gòu)買(mǎi)望遠(yuǎn)鏡，但是隨后又改變了這個(gè)決定。occasionally“偶爾”；consequently“因此，所以”；successively“相繼地”；subsequently“隨后”。答案：D13解析：long before humans came into being在人類(lèi)出現(xiàn)很早之前。come into being產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，存在，形成；come into contact打交道，與接觸；come into force生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)施；come into sight進(jìn)入視野，看見(jiàn)。答案：A二、完形填空解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：Aaron Segura進(jìn)入公立高中后，學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)一直糟糕透頂。后來(lái)他轉(zhuǎn)入了職業(yè)高中學(xué)習(xí)建筑設(shè)計(jì)，從此他找到了自信，不再消沉。1解析：根據(jù)but，another matter以及后面所說(shuō)的Aaron的學(xué)業(yè)一塌糊涂可知，他在高爾夫球方面應(yīng)很優(yōu)秀，前后形成對(duì)比。C選項(xiàng)后面的介詞應(yīng)為about。答案：B2解析：根據(jù)后面一句對(duì)Aaron功課的描述，可知他的學(xué)習(xí)是另一回事，即很差勁。答案：C3解析：根據(jù)前文信息his grades were low，可知他的學(xué)業(yè)分?jǐn)?shù)很低，他幾乎要放棄。be close to“接近，靠近”，注意to在此為介詞。答案：B4解析：Aaron并非胸?zé)o大志，而是在這樣大的、非個(gè)性化的公立高中他沒(méi)有施展的空間。該空需要學(xué)生聯(lián)系全文內(nèi)容，尤其是Aaron轉(zhuǎn)校前后的變化進(jìn)行判斷。答案：A5解析：在這所職業(yè)高中，學(xué)生可以獲得許多一對(duì)一的關(guān)注。答案：B6解析：根據(jù)后文信息His one strong goal.可知，除了個(gè)性化關(guān)注還有別的事情吸引著他。若選A項(xiàng)，空格后面缺介詞to。答案：B7解析：根據(jù)本段后文信息an architectural CAD(computer­aided drafting)program和第三段的a draftsman for an architectural firm可知，此處指Aaron想從事建筑行業(yè)。答案：D8解析：attend the school上學(xué)。若選A項(xiàng)，空格后面缺介詞for。答案：B9解析：find后面跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)很感興趣。與前文形成對(duì)比。答案：C10解析：根據(jù)as a draftsman for an architectural firm可知，他得到了一份工作。答案：A11解析：他的目標(biāo)是畢業(yè)后專(zhuān)職從事這個(gè)行業(yè)。take up“從事”。答案：C12解析：第一段和第三段形成鮮明的對(duì)比，Aaron的人生發(fā)生了巨大的轉(zhuǎn)變。答案：A13解析：run“提供，開(kāi)設(shè)(服務(wù)、課程等)”，符合語(yǔ)意。早在20世紀(jì)90年代中期，Danny Moon就進(jìn)行過(guò)職業(yè)教育實(shí)踐。答案：B14解析：until“直到”，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：B15解析：pass a law通過(guò)一部法律。由上文語(yǔ)境可推斷政府現(xiàn)在從立法上開(kāi)始支持職業(yè)教育。后文又說(shuō)“地方官員想知道Moon是否有興趣開(kāi)辦一所職業(yè)學(xué)?！?，使答案更為明晰。答案：A16解析：根據(jù)介詞in可知此處考查be interested in“對(duì)感興趣”。A項(xiàng)后面的介詞通常為about，B、D項(xiàng)后常接of。答案：C17解析：地方官員詢(xún)問(wèn)他是否對(duì)開(kāi)辦職業(yè)學(xué)校感興趣，而Danny Moon一下子就答應(yīng)了。答案：B18解析：target“面向，把作為目標(biāo)或者對(duì)象”。答案：D19解析：根據(jù)students like Aaron和第一段內(nèi)容可知答案，因?yàn)锳aron在公立高中(學(xué)習(xí))很吃力。royal“皇家的，莊嚴(yán)的，高貴的”；tough“困難的，費(fèi)力的”；free“空閑的，不忙的”；short“短暫的”。答案：B20解析：從而他也能滿足整個(gè)新墨西哥州急劇上升的對(duì)熟練勞動(dòng)力的需求。此處暗示了職業(yè)教育的重要性。答案：A三、閱讀理解解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：尼羅河現(xiàn)在面臨著水源短缺，水質(zhì)惡化這兩大問(wèn)題，尼羅河的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭到了破壞，亟待解決。1解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段和第三段可知，water shortage和water quality是尼羅河正面臨的兩大問(wèn)題與挑戰(zhàn)。答案：C