2020年高考英語二輪復習 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣學案

課題名稱二輪復習 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣學習目標：1 自主學習創(chuàng)新教程情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣內容。2分析歷年熱門考點進行實戰(zhàn)演練。學習難點：3各類從句中的虛擬語氣一、復習時需注意的要點（一）情態(tài)動詞1、情態(tài)動詞在句中沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2、含有情態(tài)動詞的句子改為否定句或疑問句不必加助動詞，只需要將情態(tài)動詞置于主語前，或在情態(tài)動詞后加上not。例如：Must I write a letter to cheer him up?You neednt wait for me.3、 情態(tài)動詞的過去式，例如cancould，maymight。但是少數(shù)情態(tài)動詞只有過去式，例如used to表示過去常常。must的過去式往往用had to代替。4、 情態(tài)動詞后還可接不定式的進行式、完成式和被動式。例如：He cant be doing his homework now. 他現(xiàn)在不可能在做功課。He must have attended the meeting last night. 昨晚他一定參加了會議。（二）虛擬語氣1、 在if條件句中，如果含有were , should或had等助動詞，if可以省去，句子用倒裝。例如：Were I you , I would buy this reference book.2、 should與would都可以用于if條件句的主句中，但should一般只用于第一人稱，would用于所有人稱。例如：If you were here , I would tell you the news .3、 某些條件可以用介詞短語without , but for 等來表示 。例如：Without your help , I could not have succeeded in passing the exam .4、 有時句子通過but或otherwise等詞來表示真實與虛擬的轉換，在這種情況下，只有不真實的部分用虛擬式。例如：I was ill yesterday；otherwise I would have played football with you .But for the heavy rain , we would have gone to the concert .5、 有suggest等詞的相應的名詞組成的同位語從句及表語從句用虛擬式。例如：I accepted my mothers suggestion that I should eat an apple every day .二、2020;2020考題分析1.(08全國17) Lizawell not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.A.willB.canC.mustD.may答案 D解析 句意為：Liza極有可能不想去旅行她討厭旅行。may well很可能，極有可能，表示猜測。當表示猜測時，will和can不能與well連用，must只能用于肯定句中。2.(08北京21) John promised his doctor henot smoke， and he has never smoked ever since.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would答案 D解析 句意為:約翰答應醫(yī)生他不再吸煙，從那以后，他再也沒有吸過煙。由句意可知空格處表示允諾，故應選擇D項。3.(08天津6) Shehave left school， for her bike is still here.A.cantB.wouldntC.shouldntD.neednt答案 A解析 句意為：她不可能離開了學校，因為她的自行車仍然在這兒。cant表示不可能；wouldnt have done表虛擬；shouldnt have done本不該做(卻已做了）；neednt have done本沒必要做(但已做了）。4.(08江西26) What a pity!Considering his ability and experience， hebetter.A.need have doneB.must have doneC.can have doneD.might have done答案 D解析 句意為：太遺憾了！鑒于他的能力和經(jīng)驗，他本可能做得更好。need have done本來有必要做（而沒做）；must have done是對過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定的推測，表示“過去一定做了”；can have done是對過去發(fā)生的事情的不肯定的推測；might have done表示“本來可以”。5.(08湖南28) You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book.Youfind the book by the title.A.mustB.needC.canD.would答案 C解析 句意為：要找到一本書你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根據(jù)書的標題找到這本書。can表示“可以，能夠”。6.(08陜西9) What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?Well， itbe bigthats not important.A.mustnt B.neednt C.cantD.wont答案 B解析 句意為：“你想要什么樣的房子？要大的嗎？”“噢，它不需要很大，那不重要。”由.thats not important.這一語境可知，空格處應表示“不需要”，故須用neednt。7.(08四川10) Although thissound like a simple task，great care is needed.A.must B.mayC.shallD.should答案 B解析 句意為：盡管這聽起來可能像一項簡單的任務，但是需要非常仔細。must一定，必須；may可能，可以；shall將要；should應該。各自表達的意義不同，選may最妥當。8.(08重慶30) I cant find my purse anywhere.Youhave lost it while shopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would答案 A解析 may表達推測之意，意為“可能”。9.(08浙江11) Yoube hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt答案 B解析 句意為：你不可能餓了，你兩個小時之前才吃的午飯！cant指不可能；mustnt表猜測時，不能用于否定句；Neednt指沒有必要。10.(08福建24) It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but itbe rather cold sometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would答案 B解析 must必然，一定；can可能；should應該；would（過去）將，總會。本題提供的語境是“有時可能會”。11.(08遼寧22) Peterbe really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must答案 C解析 句意為：雖然彼得總體上來說是一個好人，但有時真的難以相處。can在這里不表示主觀的推測，而表示客觀的可能性。12.(08江蘇35) Im sorry.Iat you the other day.Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldnt shoutB.shouldnt have shoutedC.mustnt shoutD.mustnt have shouted答案 B解析 句意為：“對不起，幾天前我本不應該朝你大喊大叫的?！薄安灰旁谛纳?。我自己有點情緒失控?！眘houldnt have done sth.本不應該做某事(但已經(jīng)做了)。13.(08山東24) Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think weit without you.A.can manageB.could have managedC.could manageD.can have managed答案 B解析 could have done本能夠做某事（但沒做）。三、2020;2020考題演練1. (09安徽29) Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they_ just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would2. (09北京25) One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can3. (09福建35) But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won4. (09湖南30) Its the office! So you_know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need5. (09海南25) What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There_ be twelveA. should B. would C. will D. shall6. (09上海27) It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. can C. must D. should7. (09四川13) I dont care what people think.Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might8. (09天津15) This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. might9. (09重慶32) Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?She_in the classroom. I saw her there just now.A. shall be     B. should have been C. must be      D. might have been10. (09全國20) I cant leave. She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back.A. can B. must C. will D. may