優(yōu)化方案（新課標全國卷Ⅰ）高考英語二輪復習 特色專項訓練 第十三組

第十三組(建議用時：30分鐘).閱讀理解(2020·鄭州質(zhì)量檢測三)You may have heard of the American Dream，an ideal that has powered the hopes of Americans for generations.It began as a belief that the US was a land of opportunity，and that anyone could achieve success through hard work.At times，the dream has referred to home ownership，a good job，retirement security or each generation doing better than the last.Yet today，this concept seems to have greatly changed.As Time magazine pointed out，quite different from the older generation，many Millennials (the generation born after 1980) redefine (重新定義) the American Dream as “day­to­day control of your life”They “prize job mobility，flexible schedules，any work that is more interesting than typing，and the ability to travel”，said the magazine.Home ownership，once the cornerstone of the American Dream，is becoming a smaller priority for this generation.Meanwhile，nearly 40% of them choose travel as part of their dream.And entrepreneurship (創(chuàng)業(yè)) is a rising favorite，as nearly 26% of Millennials consider self­employment as part of their dream.So what has led to this huge change?Many point fingers at the poor economy.“Modern young Americans seem bound to face a world stamped by ever narrowing opportunity and social stagnation(停滯)，”noted The Daily Beast.“The rate of Millennials out of school and out of work is unusually high at 15%.Many college graduates have taken jobs that dont require a degree，”Time reported.The magazine worries that these difficulties may lead to a lost generation who are “unable to ever truly find their feet on the corporations ladder”Dan Kadlec，a reporter of Time，sees Millennials as resetting their expectations.“This situation is different for young adults today，”he wrote.“A true American dream has to feel attainable，and many Millennials are feeling they can only attain a day­to­day lifestyle that suits them.”1The underlined word “cornerstone” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “_”AgrowthBbalanceCbasis Dpurpose2What has changed Millennials views of the American Dream according to the passage?AA lack of confidence in themselves.BFierce competition in the job market.CTheir dissatisfaction with the government.DThe discouraging economy and unemployment.3Dan Kadlec thinks Millennials new definition of the American Dream is _Abeautiful BunderstandableCworrying Dpositive4What can be the best title for this passage?ARedefinition of American DreamBMeaning of American DreamCValue of Achieving American DreamDHistory of Changing American Dream.完形填空(2020·昆明質(zhì)量檢測二)The long line of rush hour traffic wounded its way down the rain­slick(濕滑的) street as I glanced nervously at my watch.5：30! Nothing had gone right all day.This traffic jam seemed the perfect ending to a(n)_1_ day.I sighed loudly，_2_ there was no one to hear.Lately my life seemed _3_ more than a never­ending _4_ of regular tasks.Surely there was more to living than this.I guess I was simply too tired to look for it.And then，looking _5_，I saw him.The lone(孤零零的) flagman was standing _6_ the street，_7_ directing four driving ways of traffic as they _8_ into one.But there was something _9_ about this flagman，and as my car _10_，I realized what it was.Standing among dozens of impatient motorists，he was smiling and _11_ at every driver that passed.As I sat waiting my _12_ in my warm car，I began to feel _13_If this man，who did nothing all day but watch one car after another _14_，could stand in the cold rain hour after boring hour and still have a friendly _15_ for every single person who passed，what right did I have to _16_ my life?It was _17_ my turn to pass the flagman.“Thank you，”I mouthed _18_ the window.He smiled and nodded and I drove on，spirits lifted，_19_ changed.And in the rear view mirror(后視鏡) I could see him，raising his hand and _20_ to every car that passed.1.A.dangerousBenjoyableChorrible Dinteresting2A.though BsoCif Dwhen3A.everythingBanythingCnothingDsomething4A.cycleBdiscoveryCexpectationDsacrifice5A.rightBleftCbackwardDforward6A.next to Bin the middle ofCaway from Dahead of7A.wisely BeagerlyCpatiently Dcalmly8A.exchanged BcombinedCcrashed Djumped9A.common BwrongCoutstanding Dunusual10A.approached BstartedCstopped Dpassed11A.shouting BstaringCaiming Dwaving12A.order BturnCrequest Dfortune13A.annoyed BdelightedCashamed Ddisappointed14A.go by Bgo upCget along Dget through15A.glance BgestureCmove Dtreat16A.set aside Bburst intoClook down upon Dcomplain about17A.certainly BluckilyCfinally Dmerely18A.through BfromCoff Din19A.anxiety BattitudeCexperience Ddoubt20A.talking BexplainingCwhispering Dgreeting.語法填空(2020·云南第一次統(tǒng)一檢測)World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March. It 1._ (start) by the LitWorld.org in 2020 and has now reached 65 countries.2._ aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book. Its website asks everyone 3._ (celebrate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud. It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write 4._ (belong) to all people.The website asks visitors to join in the movement to reduce 5._ number of illiterate (不識字的)people in the world. It is 6._ (absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read. The website says, “Its time to start by reading aloud to 7._ might like it. Share a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, listen patiently 8._ someone elses story as they share with you.” The United Nations says, “Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge，9._ to participate fully in society.” In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a 10._ (different)第十三組.閱讀理解【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了80后的美國人對美國夢的重新定義并分析了導致這一改變的原因。1解析：選C。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“At times，the dream has referred to home ownership，a good job，retirement security or each generation doing better than the last.”可知，最初的美國夢指的是房屋所有權(quán)、一份好的工作、退休保障或每一代比上一代做得好。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Home ownership，once the cornerstone of the American Dream，is becoming a smaller priority for this generation.”可知，房屋所有權(quán)曾經(jīng)是美國夢的基石，而對于這一代來說，卻不那么重要了，由此可推知，畫線詞意為“基礎”。故選C。2解析：選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第一句“Many point fingers at the poor economy.”和第七段第一句“The rate of Millennials out of school and out of work is unusually high at 15%.”可知，經(jīng)濟低迷和高失業(yè)率導致80后的美國人對美國夢的認識發(fā)生了巨大變化。故選D。3解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“A true American dream has to feel attainable，and many Millennials are feeling they can only attain a day­to­day lifestyle that suits them.”可知，真實的美國夢必須讓人覺得可以實現(xiàn)，而許多80后的美國人覺得他們只能實現(xiàn)適合他們的日常生活方式；由此可推知，Dan Kadlec認為年輕人對美國夢的定義更符合社會現(xiàn)狀，更容易實現(xiàn)，更符合情理。B項意為“合情理的，正常的”。故選B。4解析：選A。標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了80后的美國人對美國夢的重新定義并分析了導致這一改變的原因。A項意為“美國夢的重新定義”，符合本文大意，適合作標題。故選A。.完形填空【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。在一個下雨天，作者因交通堵塞而心煩氣躁，開始抱怨生活的一成不變。在等著通過十字路口時，一位在雨中一直面帶微笑、耐心指揮交通的交警讓作者明白了一個道理生活快樂與否是由自己的心態(tài)決定的。1解析：選C?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。根據(jù)上一句“Nothing had gone right all day.”可知，作者這一天過得都不順利，故此處應該指糟糕的一天。故選C項，意為“極壞的，糟糕的，令人討厭的”，符合句意。A項意為“危險的”；B項意為“愉快的”；D項意為“有趣的”，都不符合句意。2解析：選A?？疾檫B詞辨析。對比空格前后兩分句“I sighed loudly”與“there was no one to hear”可知，前后兩分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關系。本句句意應為：我重重地嘆了口氣，盡管沒有人會聽。故選A項，意為“盡管，雖然”。B項意為“因此”，屬于并列連詞；C項意為“如果，是否”，可以引導條件狀語從句或名詞性從句；D項意為“當時，正在時”，引導時間狀語從句，都不符合句意。3解析：選C?？疾榇~辨析。根據(jù)下一句“Surely there was more to living than this.”可知，本句作者是在強調(diào)自己現(xiàn)在的生活不過是簡單的重復罷了。故選C項。nothing more than 等同于nothing but，是固定短語，意為“只不過，僅僅”，符合句意。4解析：選A?？疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)空格前的修飾詞“never­ending”可知，此處作者強調(diào)自己的日常生活無限循環(huán)，一成不變。故選A項，意為“圓圈，環(huán)”，符合句意。B項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C項意為“期待”；D項意為“犧牲”，都不符合句意。5解析：選D?？疾楦痹~辨析。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“It was _ my turn to pass the flagman.”和該段最后一句中“And in the rear view mirror(后視鏡) I could see him”可知，作者此時應在朝前看，這樣才能看見這位交警。故選D項，意為“向前”，符合句意。A項意為“向右”；B項意為“向左”；C項意為“向后”，都不符合句意。6解析：選B?？疾榻樵~短語辨析。根據(jù)常識及下一段中“Standing among dozens of impatient motorists”可知，這位交警應是站在路中央指揮交通。故選B項，意為“在中間”，符合句意。A項意為“貼近，緊靠旁邊”；C項意為“離開，遠離”；D項意為“在前”，都不符合句意。7解析：選C?？疾楦痹~辨析。根據(jù)下一段中“Standing among dozens of impatient motorists，he was smiling”可知，這位交警很有耐心。故選C項，意為“耐心地”，符合句意。A項意為“明智地”；B項意為“急切地，渴望地”；D項意為“鎮(zhèn)定地”，都不符合句意。8解析：選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。根據(jù)句中的“four driving ways”與“into one”可知，本句指從四條車道上來的車流在此匯聚到一條車道上。故選B項，意為“合并，組合”，符合句意。A項意為“交換”；C項意為“撞擊，碰撞，墜落”；D項意為“跳躍，激增”，都不符合句意。9解析：選D。考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，作者強調(diào)這位交警除了有耐心外，還有一些與眾不同的地方。故選D項，意為“特別的，不尋常的”，符合句意。A項意為“普通的，共同的”；B項意為“錯誤的”；C項意為“杰出的，出眾的”，都不符合句意。10解析：選A?？疾閯釉~辨析。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“It was _ my turn to pass the flagman.”可知，由于堵車，作者是緩緩靠近這位交警。故選A項，意為“靠近”，符合句意。B項意為“開始”；C項意為“停下來，阻止”；D項意為“通過”，都不符合句意。11解析：選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。因為這位交警在指揮交通，所以根據(jù)常識可知，他向每位通過的車主微笑，并揮手示意前行。故選D項，意為“揮手”，與最后一段最后一句中“raising his hand”相照應。A項意為“大喊”；B項意為“盯著看”；C項意為“瞄準”，都不符合句意。12解析：選B?？疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，這里車流匯集，交通擁擠。結(jié)合最后一段第一句中“It was _ my turn”可知，此處作者應是等著輪到自己通過。故選B項，意為“輪流，轉(zhuǎn)動，變換”，wait ones turn為固定短語，意為“等著輪到某人”，符合句意。A項意為“命令，秩序”；C項意為“請求”；D項意為“運氣，財富”，都不符合句意。13解析：選C?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。根據(jù)本段最后一句中“what right did I have to _ my life”可知，與這位在雨中一直微笑著耐心指揮交通的交警相比，作者為自己的抱怨感到羞愧。故選C項，意為“羞愧的”，符合句意。A項意為“生氣的，煩惱的”；B項意為“高興的”；D項意為“失望的”，都不符合句意。14解析：選A。考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上一段中“and _ at every driver that passed”及本句中“for every single person who passed”可知，他在指揮這些車順利通過路口。故選A項，意為“經(jīng)過，路過”，符合句意。B項意為“升起，上漲”；C項意為“前進，沿著走”；D項意為“穿過，接通，用完”，都不符合句意。15解析：選B。考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上段中“he was smiling and _ at every driver that passed”可知，他微笑著指揮這些車通過路口；由此可知，應選B項，意為“手勢”，符合句意。A項意為“一瞥”；C項意為“移動”；D項意為“對待，款待”，都不符合句意。16解析：選D。考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)第一段和第二段內(nèi)容可知，作者抱怨自己那天過得很糟糕，而且最近生活也是一成不變。但與這位交警相比后，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己其實是沒理由抱怨的。故選D項，意為“抱怨”，符合句意。A項意為“擱置，撥出”；B項意為“爆發(fā)”；C項意為“看不起”，都不符合句意。17解析：選C?？疾楦痹~辨析。根據(jù)上一段首句中“As I sat waiting my _ in my warm car”可知，本句指最后輪到作者通過路口了。故選C項，意為“最后，終于”，符合句意。A項意為“一定”；B項意為“幸運地”；D項意為“僅僅”，都不符合句意。18解析：選A?？疾榻樵~辨析。根據(jù)空格后“the window”可知，因為作者坐在車里，所以此處應指作者透過車窗跟這位交警說了一聲“謝謝”。故選A項，意為“通過，穿過”，符合句意。B項意為“從”；C項意為“離開”；D項意為“在里”，都不符合句意。19解析：選B?？疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)空格前“spirits lifted”可知，受這位交警積極的生活態(tài)度的影響，作者的情緒好轉(zhuǎn)了，對生活的態(tài)度也改變了，不再抱怨了。故選B項，意為“態(tài)度”，符合句意。A項意為“焦慮”；C項意為“經(jīng)驗，經(jīng)歷”；D項意為“懷疑”，都不符合句意。20解析：選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。根據(jù)上一段最后一句中“and still have a friendly _ for every single person who passed”可知，這位交警面帶微笑，在雨中耐心地指揮著交通；由此可知，此處應選D項，意為“迎接，打招呼”，符合句意。A項意為“交談”；B項意為“解釋”；C項意為“耳語”，都不符合句意。.語法填空【解題導語】本文主要介紹了World Read Aloud Day。1解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。World Read Aloud Day在2020年由LitWorld.org發(fā)起。根據(jù)語境可知，此處需要用start的被動形式，又因時間狀語是“in 2020”，故用一般過去時。答案：was started2解析：考查形容詞性物主代詞或冠詞。它的目的是鼓勵全世界不能閱讀的人享受一本書帶來的好處。答案：Its/The3解析：考查動詞不定式。ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，網(wǎng)站要求每個人通過拿一本書、找到一位聽眾、大聲閱讀的方式來慶祝這個節(jié)日。答案：to celebrate4解析：考查主謂一致。這正是采取行動向世界表明閱讀和寫作的權(quán)利屬于所有的人。根據(jù)句子成分可知，從句的主語為the right，故填belongs。答案：belongs5解析：考查冠詞。the number of.是固定搭配，表示“的數(shù)量”。答案：the6解析：考查副詞。幫助那些不能閱讀的人是完全有必要的。答案：absolutely7解析：考查賓語從句。是開始為任何可能喜歡的人大聲朗讀的時候了。whoever引導賓語從句且在從句中作主語。答案：whoever8解析：考查介詞。當他們與你分享時，你要耐心地傾聽某人的故事。listen to是固定搭配。答案：to9解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境和句子成分可知，前后表示并列關系。答案：and10解析：考查名詞。make a difference“有作用”，根據(jù)空前的冠詞可知，此處應用所給詞的名詞形式。答案：difference