語法填空解題技巧 (共44張PPT)

2021/6/3012021/6/302 高考英語新題型高考英語新題型 語法填空語法填空Rational Cloze2021/6/303 Teaching objectivesTeaching objectives針對語法填空題針對語法填空題進(jìn)行命題分析進(jìn)行命題分析結(jié)合示例給予解題指導(dǎo)結(jié)合示例給予解題指導(dǎo)2021/6/3042021/6/305 命命 題題 宗宗 旨旨旨在考查：旨在考查： 語法和語用知識(shí)語法和語用知識(shí)綜合語言運(yùn)用能力綜合語言運(yùn)用能力著重考查：著重考查：2021/6/306題材：題材：生活經(jīng)歷或成語故生活經(jīng)歷或成語故事，其內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)文化內(nèi)涵，事，其內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)文化內(nèi)涵，或給人心靈以啟迪等?；蚪o人心靈以啟迪等。 語篇形式語篇形式: 短文或?qū)υ挾涛幕驅(qū)υ掗L度：長度：200詞左右詞左右命命 題題 特特 點(diǎn)點(diǎn)體裁：體裁：記敘文為主記敘文為主2021/6/307純空格類純空格類：（：（3-4個(gè)題）個(gè)題）提示詞類提示詞類：（：（6-7個(gè)題）個(gè)題）特別提醒：特別提醒：填的詞在填的詞在3個(gè)以內(nèi)個(gè)以內(nèi) 命命 題題 形形 式式2021/6/308 語語 法法 考考 點(diǎn)點(diǎn)實(shí)詞實(shí)詞動(dòng)動(dòng)詞、名詞、代詞詞、名詞、代詞形容詞、副詞形容詞、副詞虛詞虛詞 連詞、介詞、連詞、介詞、 代詞、冠詞代詞、冠詞 句法句法詞法詞法復(fù)合句的引導(dǎo)詞。如定語從復(fù)合句的引導(dǎo)詞。如定語從句，名詞性從句，狀語從句句，名詞性從句，狀語從句2021/6/309 閱讀和理解語篇閱讀和理解語篇分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)熟練運(yùn)用語法熟練運(yùn)用語法正確拼寫單詞正確拼寫單詞命命 題題 能能 力力 要要 求求四種能四種能力力2021/6/3010 語法知識(shí)語法知識(shí) 邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系 語篇標(biāo)志語篇標(biāo)志 固定詞組固定詞組 詞匯知識(shí)詞匯知識(shí) 生活常識(shí)生活常識(shí)依依據(jù)據(jù)解解 題題 思思 路路句型搭配句型搭配2021/6/30111.通讀全文，了解大意。通讀全文，了解大意。2.試填空格，后難先易。試填空格，后難先易。3.重讀全文，解決難題。重讀全文，解決難題。 解解 題題 步步 驟驟2021/6/30122021/6/3013 純空格題的解題技巧純空格題的解題技巧一般填一般填代代詞、詞、冠冠詞、詞、介介詞、詞、連連詞、詞、從句關(guān)聯(lián)從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞、詞、助助動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞。1.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。2.根據(jù)句意，句子間的邏輯關(guān)系根據(jù)句意，句子間的邏輯關(guān)系和固定搭配，和固定搭配， 確定具體填什么確定具體填什么詞；有以下技巧：詞；有以下技巧：2021/6/3014技巧技巧1：缺：缺主主語或語或賓賓語，一定語，一定 是填是填代代詞或詞或名名詞詞(多考多考代代詞詞)。 _is a fact that China is stronger than before. It點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥：句子缺主語，應(yīng)填名詞：句子缺主語，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞；或代詞；it 指代真正的主語指代真正的主語thatbefore這個(gè)句子。這個(gè)句子。2021/6/3015技巧技巧2：名詞前面的空格很可能名詞前面的空格很可能是填是填限定詞限定詞(冠詞、形容詞性物冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞主代詞、不定代詞) The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. a表示表示“一個(gè)一個(gè)”2021/6/3016技巧技巧3：句子不缺主語、表語、句子不缺主語、表語、動(dòng)詞后不缺賓語的情況下，名動(dòng)詞后不缺賓語的情況下，名詞或代詞前面，一定是填詞或代詞前面，一定是填介介詞。詞。Its an honour for me to be invited _a guest in their house. as作為作為2021/6/3017 語法知識(shí)：語法知識(shí)：6.9.17.2010. 13技巧技巧4：若幾個(gè)單詞或短語之若幾個(gè)單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填間沒有連詞，可能是填連連詞。詞。She came up _ gave Mother a big hug.and點(diǎn)撥：點(diǎn)撥：因因came up和和gave Mother a big hug兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語之間沒有連詞，兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語之間沒有連詞，且兩者是并列關(guān)系，故填且兩者是并列關(guān)系，故填and。2021/6/3018技巧技巧5：若兩句之間沒有連詞也沒若兩句之間沒有連詞也沒有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填連接連接詞。詞。 He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.but 表示轉(zhuǎn)折表示轉(zhuǎn)折“但是但是 ”2021/6/3019I have finished reading all the books_wereborrowed from my friend.that點(diǎn)撥：點(diǎn)撥：that是主句是主句Ibooks 和定語從句之間的連接詞。和定語從句之間的連接詞。2021/6/3020技巧技巧6：若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動(dòng)詞是原形，特別是與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一動(dòng)詞是原形，特別是與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時(shí)，很可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)致或主謂不一致時(shí)，很可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞(do, does, did等等)。 The book was gone but I _put it in Toms schoolbag.did“確實(shí)確實(shí)”用來加強(qiáng)語用來加強(qiáng)語氣氣2021/6/3021Never before _he heard of such strange things!has點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥:句子是倒裝句，現(xiàn)在完句子是倒裝句，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。成時(shí)且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。2021/6/3022技巧技巧7：由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。It wasthat為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 It was after I got home _I saw the text message.that2021/6/3023 He was_wild with joy that he jumped. so點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津：so that句型句型2021/6/3024括號(hào)內(nèi)有提示詞解題技巧括號(hào)內(nèi)有提示詞解題技巧主要考查主要考查: 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語形式、名詞、非謂語形式、名詞、形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞2021/6/3025提示詞是提示詞是動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞：作謂語：辨清時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)作謂語：辨清時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)作非謂語作非謂語: v+ing /v+ed /to do詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞性轉(zhuǎn)換2021/6/3026副詞，比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，反義詞，名詞副詞，比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，反義詞，名詞提示詞是提示詞是形容詞：形容詞：提示詞是提示詞是副詞：副詞：形容詞，比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，反義詞，形容詞，比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，反義詞，名詞名詞提示詞是提示詞是名詞：名詞：形容詞，副詞，復(fù)數(shù)，所有格形容詞，副詞，復(fù)數(shù)，所有格2021/6/30271._ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed.解析：解析：句中已有謂語句中已有謂語wont make，謂語前面應(yīng)為謂語前面應(yīng)為主語主語,故填故填非謂語非謂語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞Speaking.Exercises:Speaking2021/6/30282.Suddenly, he _(find) that he had run out of salt.found做謂語且句子為做謂語且句子為一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)2021/6/30293.Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 ：過去過去分詞做后置定語分詞做后置定語 learned/learnt2021/6/30304.There must be something_(serious ) wrong with our society. 解析：解析：要求填的詞修飾要求填的詞修飾形容形容詞詞wrong，作，作狀狀語，用語，用副副詞，詞，故填故填seriously。seriously2021/6/3031 5.Your mistake caused a lot of_ (necessity) work in the office.unnecessaryadj.“不必要的不必要的”修飾名詞修飾名詞work2021/6/30326.Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes _(possible) to get rid of.impossibleadj. “不可能的不可能的”做做is的表語的表語2021/6/30337.These people have made great_(contribute) to China with their work. contributions2021/6/3034 8.He trained even_ (hard) than before.harderthan 和和 even 都都 是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志2021/6/3035詞類轉(zhuǎn)化訣竅詞類轉(zhuǎn)化訣竅： 副詞副詞名詞名詞形容詞形容詞 作主語，賓語填作主語，賓語填_ 作定語，表語，補(bǔ)足語填作定語，表語，補(bǔ)足語填_ 修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞, ,作作 狀語狀語, ,填填_2021/6/30362021/6/3037 1.Will _ matter if you dont take your breakfast? A short time ago, a test _ (give) in the United Sates. People of different _, from 12 to 83,were asked to have a test. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got _ breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see _ well their bodies worked and when they had eaten _ certain kind of breakfast. 1 34562 it was given ages no how a2021/6/3038The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect _ if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be _ (especial) true if a person works _ his brains. For example, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with _ (much) attention in class. 78910 more than with especially2021/6/3039 2.A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _1_ water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder_ 2_ had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man _ 3_ ( present ) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _ 4_ ( warm ), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home_ 5_ a happy heart. After the student left, the teacher let_6_student taste the water. He spit it out, _ 7_ (say) it was awful. The who who presentedpresented warmly warmly withwith anotheranother saying saying2021/6/3040Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like_ 8_ ? The teacher replied, You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ 9_ (sweet). “We understand this lesson best_ 10_ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing. it it sweeter when 2021/6/3041 3. Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 1 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy_(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 3 pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 4 (push) you with their elbows (肘部肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter 5 some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the it pushed where2 to please a 2021/6/3042 Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 7 sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8 . When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already 9 table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 10 (inform). price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her 6 (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. choice on him atwas informed2021/6/3043 HomeworkHomework語篇填空書P37: Passage 21,222021/6/3044 若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正，謝謝！若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正，謝謝！