X-Y數(shù)控工作臺(tái)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)論文.doc

畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）X-Y數(shù)控工作臺(tái)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生姓名學(xué)號(hào)專業(yè)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化班級(jí)指導(dǎo)教師學(xué)部機(jī)電工程學(xué)部答辯日期黑龍江東方學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位畢業(yè)論文IX-Y數(shù)控工作臺(tái)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘要X-Y數(shù)控工作臺(tái)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)是一個(gè)開環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),其結(jié)構(gòu)簡單。實(shí)現(xiàn)方便而且能夠保證一定的精度。降低成本,是微機(jī)控制技術(shù)的最簡單的應(yīng)用。它充分的利用了危機(jī)的軟件硬件功能以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)機(jī)床的控制；使機(jī)床的加工范圍擴(kuò)大,精度和可靠性進(jìn)一步得到提高。X-Y數(shù)控工作臺(tái)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)是利用8031單片機(jī),及2764,6264存儲(chǔ)器及8155芯片等硬件組成,在控制系統(tǒng)的硬件上編寫一定的程序以實(shí)現(xiàn)一定的加工功能。其基本思想是:通過圓弧或者直線插補(bǔ)程序以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)零件進(jìn)行幾何加工,每進(jìn)行一段加工都要產(chǎn)生一定的脈沖以驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)正反轉(zhuǎn),同時(shí)通過8155(1)將相應(yīng)的加工進(jìn)刀信息送至刀架庫中以實(shí)現(xiàn)以之相應(yīng)的走刀,電機(jī)和刀具的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)所以實(shí)現(xiàn)了刀具對(duì)工件的加工。該控制系統(tǒng)采用軟件中斷控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)及子程序結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，條件明確在經(jīng)濟(jì)型數(shù)控中應(yīng)用較多。中斷結(jié)構(gòu)采用模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)因?yàn)檫@種結(jié)構(gòu)便于修改和擴(kuò)充，編制較為方便，便于向多處理方向發(fā)展。X-Y數(shù)控工作臺(tái)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)采用步進(jìn)電機(jī)作為驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置。步進(jìn)電機(jī)是一個(gè)將脈沖信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)移成角位移的機(jī)電式數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換器裝置。其工作原理是：每給一個(gè)脈沖便在定子電路中產(chǎn)生一定的空間旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場；由于步進(jìn)電機(jī)通的是三相交流電所以輸入的脈沖數(shù)目及時(shí)間間隔不同，轉(zhuǎn)子的旋轉(zhuǎn)快慢及旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間的長短也是不同的。由于旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場對(duì)放入其中的通電導(dǎo)體既轉(zhuǎn)子切割磁力線時(shí)具有力的作用，從實(shí)現(xiàn)了旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)迫使轉(zhuǎn)子作相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，所以轉(zhuǎn)子才可以實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)子帶動(dòng)絲杠作相應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。本題目是步進(jìn)電機(jī)，微型計(jì)算機(jī)，插補(bǔ)原理，匯編語言的綜合應(yīng)用，本題目設(shè)計(jì)得到了老師的幫助和支持，最后由董玉紅老師審定，在此表示感謝。本題目由方世龍完成，共分六章，第一章主要設(shè)計(jì)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)第二章主要設(shè)計(jì)了機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)；第三章主要設(shè)計(jì)了控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)；第四章主要設(shè)計(jì)控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)；第五章主要是本設(shè)計(jì)的附錄。因本人水平有限，錯(cuò)誤和不足之處在所難免，處理問題也有不妥之處，敬請(qǐng)相關(guān)老師批評(píng)指正。關(guān)鍵詞：X-Y數(shù)控工作臺(tái)；機(jī)電系統(tǒng)；微型計(jì)算機(jī)；6264存儲(chǔ)器黑龍江東方學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位畢業(yè)論文X-YNCWorktableMechatronicsSystemDesignAbstractCNCXYtableisamechanicalandelectricalsystemsdesignopen-loopcontrolsystem,itsstructureissimple.Realizationofconvenienceandcanguaranteeacertainaccuracy.Reducecosts,computercontroltechnologyisthemostsimpleapplication.ItfulluseofthesoftwarehardwarecrisisToachievethefunctionsofthemachinecontrol；toexpandthescopeoftheprocessingmachinetools,precisionandreliabilityhasbeenfurtherimproved.XYNCtableistheuseofmechanicalandelectricalsystemsdesignSCM8031,2764,6264and8155andmemorychipsandotherhardwarecomponents,Inthecontrolsystemofhardwareonthepreparationofcertainproceduresinordertoachieveacertainprocessingfunctions.Thebasicideais:circularorlinearinterpolationprocedurestoachievethegeometryofthepartsforprocessing,everysectionoftheprocessingshouldhaveacertainimpulsetoElectricdrivespositiveand,through8155(1)correspondingtotheprocessingofinformationsenttotheturretintotheknifeinordertoachievethecorrespondinggototheknife,theelectricalandtooltoachievetherelativemovementofthetoolsotheprocessingoftheworkpiece.Thecontrolsystemusessoftwareinterruptcontrolsystemstructureandsubroutineissimple,clearintheeconomicconditionsintheapplicationofNCmore.Disruptionofamodularstructurebecausesuchastructuredesignedtofacilitaterevisionandexpansion,theestablishmentofmoreconvenient,easytohandleandmoredirection.CNCXYtabledesignedbymechanicalandelectricalsystemsasasteppingmotor-drivendevices.SteppermotorisapulsewillbetransferredintoangulardisplacementoftheElectricalandMechanical-DACdevices.Itsworkingprincipleis:eachtoapulseinthestatorcircuitwillhaveacertainspaceinrotatingmagneticfield；becauseofthesteppermotoristhethree-phaseAC-soenterthenumberofpulsesanddifferenttimeintervals,therotationspeedoftherotorandthelengthofrotationAredifferent.Astherotatingmagneticfieldintowhichboththerotorcuttingelectricityconductorwhenamagneticlineofforce,toachievearotatingmagneticfieldfromtheforcerotationforthecorrespondingrotorrotation,therotorcanachieverotorleadscrewforthecorrespondingmovement.Thistopicisthesteppermotor,micro-computers,interpolationprinciple,thecomprehensiveapplicationofassemblylanguage,thistopichasbeendesignedwiththehelpofteachersDONGYu-hongandsupport,thefinalauditedbyDONGYu-hongteacher,黑龍江東方學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位畢業(yè)論文expressedthanksforthis.ThissubjectbyFangLongcompleted,isdividedintosixchapters,Chapter1overalldesignofthemaindesignChapterIIofthemechanicaldesignsystemdesign；ChapterIIIofthemaindesignofthecontrolsystemhardwaredesign；ChapterIVofthemaincontrolsystemdesignsoftwaredesign；Chapter5isthedesignoftheappendix.Ilevelbecauseofthelimitedmistakesandinadequaciesoftheinevitableanddealwiththeproblemhasitsdrawbacks,pleaserelatedtotheteachercriticizedthecorrection.Keywords：X-YNCWorktable；Mechatronicssystem；micro-computers；6264memory