新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語 第二冊(cè) 課后答案book 2 Language in useB2U

Language in use1 Complete the sentences with the words in brackets 2 Answer the questions3 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions4 Translate the paragraph into Chinese5 Translate the paragraph into English Word formation:-ancy and ance Words ending in-ancy refer to a state rather than to a person.For example,infancy refers to the state of being a small child.These words are often formed from adjectives or nouns(eg accountant accountancy).The suffix-ance combines with some verbs to form nouns which refer to the action,process or state indicated by the verb.For example,disturbance is the state of being disturbed.Language in use1 Look at the sentences from the passage How empathy unfolds.Language in useThe results of the study suggest that the roots of empathy can be traced to infancy.Even a few months after birth,infants react to a disturbance in those around them Now complete the sentences with the words in brackets and the suffix-ancy or-ance.1 Despite being upset,infants show _ of a new situation quite quickly.(accept)2 Scientists now think that _ tests,such as cross-country running,are good for the older childs health.(endure)3 I want to get a job as a teacher,but there arent many _ at the moment.(vacant)4 The childrens _ in motor mimicry fades at around two and a half years.(perform)5 They have an extremely low _ of physical pain when theyre very young.(tolerate)Language in useacceptanceendurancevacanciesperformancetolerance6 Mel cant make his mind up about anything.His _ is a bit worrying.(hesitant)7 Even at nine months,one infant often wishes to give _ to another infant.(assist)8 A normal _ lasts for about 40 weeks.(pregnant)9 Some children are anxious and seem to lack _ when they first start school.(reassure)Language in usehesitanceassistancepregnancyreassuranceWord formation:mis-The prefix mis-usually means something wrong or incorrect.For example,if we mistranslate something,we translate it incorrectly.Mis-can be used before nouns and verbs.2 Look at the sentence from the passage How empathy unfolds.Children,they found,were more empathic when the discipline included calling strong attention to the distress their misbehaviour caused someone else Language in use Now answer the questions and check with your dictionary if necessary.1 What happens if you dont understand something properly?You misunderstand it.2 What have you done with something if its in the wrong place?You have misplaced it.3 What is the opposite of good fortune?Misfortune.Language in use4 If you have made an incorrect judgment of someones character,what have you done?You have made a misjudgment.5 If you have not been correctly informed about something,what has happened?You have been misinformed about it.Language in useCollocations3 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions from the collocation box.Sometimes more than one collocation is possible.1 As war was announced,there was _ _ when people were told to leave their homes.2 To _ _ the _,many people had no idea where they should go.3 The _ _ from the other man suggested that the matter was more serious than the others believed.Language in useconsiderable/great/total/widespread/general confusionadd to confusionangry response4 The findings _ _ which exc e e d e d t h e re s e a rc h e rs expectations.5 People who show empathy have a(n)_ _ in their emotional lives over those who repress their feelings.6 To his surprise,his appeal to the g o v e r n m e n t d r e w a(n)_ from a minister.Language in useevoked responsesdistinct advantagedirect/immediate/positive/quick response7 I cant say why,but I had the _ _ that he was not telling the truth.8 He finds it hard to say where he is,so travelling just _ _ his _.Language in usedistinct impression adds to confusion Translation 4 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.The Free Hugs Campaign in its present form was started by an Australian man Juan Mann in June 2004,when he began giving out hugs in the Pitt Street Mall in central Sydney.Juans mission was to reach out and hug a stranger to brighten up their lives.Juan had been living in London when his world turned upside down and hed had to come home.By the time his plane landed back in Sydney,all he had left was a carry-on bag full of clothes and a world of troubles.So he got some cardboard and a marker and made a sign,with the words“Free Hugs”on both sides.He had to wait 15 minutes before an elderly lady came up to him and gave him a hug.Thanks to his friend Shimon Moore,lead singer for Sick Puppies,who recorded video footage of Juan and his fellow huggers,this campaign became famous around the world.Today the“Free Hug”campaign is gaining in popularity and is making the world a warmer place to live in.Language in useLanguage in use目前這種形式的“抱抱團(tuán)”運(yùn)動(dòng)是澳大利亞人胡安曼恩發(fā)起的。2004年6月，他開始在悉尼市中心的皮特街購物中心給人送去擁抱。胡安要做的是伸出胳膊擁抱陌生人，點(diǎn)亮他們的人生。胡安以前住在倫敦，后來他的生活變得一團(tuán)糟，不得不回家。等他乘飛機(jī)回到悉尼，他只剩下一個(gè)塞滿衣服的手提行李包和一大堆的麻煩。于是，他找到一塊硬紙板和一只馬克筆，做了一個(gè)指示牌，在牌子的兩面寫上“免費(fèi)擁抱”。他等了15分鐘才有一個(gè)老太太走上前來，給了他一個(gè)擁抱。他的朋友，“病小狗”樂隊(duì)的主唱希蒙摩爾，給胡安和他的“抱抱團(tuán)”成員拍了一段錄像，使得“抱抱團(tuán)”運(yùn)動(dòng)在全世界有了更大的知名度。如今，“抱抱團(tuán)”運(yùn)動(dòng)日漸流行，它使我們生活的這個(gè)世界更加溫暖。5 Translate the paragraph into English.“不以物喜，不以己悲”出自北宋文學(xué)家范仲淹的名著岳陽樓記，意思是凡事都要以一顆平常心看待，不因外部事物的好壞和自己的得失而或喜或悲。它是一種思想境界，體現(xiàn)了中國的傳統(tǒng)道家思想，教導(dǎo)人們追求一種淡然(detached)平靜的心態(tài)。在物質(zhì)文明高度發(fā)達(dá)的今天，保持這樣的心態(tài)仍顯得十分重要。當(dāng)你擁有了這種心境，生活就會(huì)多一些陽光，多一些快樂。Language in useLanguage in useBe not pleased by external gains,nor saddened by personal losses is a statement from the essay“Remarks of Yueyang Tower”by Fan Zhongyan,a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty.The statement means one should look at and accept things as they are,and remain unbothered by external matters or personal gains or losses.It is a mental outlook that reflects the traditional Taoist ideas of China,instructing people to become calm and detached.Even today,when we have a highly developed material civilization,keeping such a state of mind is still important.When you possess such a state of mind,you will be able to live a brighter and more joyous life.