表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句

表語(yǔ)從句 一定義： 表語(yǔ)從句就是在句中作表語(yǔ)的從句。The problem is when we can get a pay rise.二 連接表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：1.從屬連詞 that和whether【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,that和whether在表語(yǔ)從句中不作任何成分，that無(wú)具體意義，whether有“是否”的意義。The fact is that he doesnt really try. 事實(shí)是他沒(méi)有做真正的努力。The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻煩的是我把他的地址丟了。My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建議是我們應(yīng)該告訴他。His sole requirement was (is) that the system work. 他唯一的要求是這個(gè)制度能起作用。My idea is that we should start making preparations right now. 我的意見(jiàn)是我們馬上就開(kāi)始做準(zhǔn)備工作。The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 問(wèn)題是這部電影是否值得看。2.who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whosrever,whatever,whichever等連接代詞引導(dǎo)You are not who I thought you were. 你已不是我過(guò)去所想像的人。The problem is who we can get to replace her. 問(wèn)題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢。The question is who (m) we should trust. 問(wèn)題是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相信誰(shuí)。What I want to know is which road we should take. 我想知道的是我們應(yīng)走哪條路。Thats what I want to stress. 這是我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的。Thats what we are here for. 我們來(lái)這里就為了這個(gè)。3. 由連接副詞when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等引導(dǎo)The problem is how we can find him. 問(wèn)題是我們?nèi)绾握业剿hat was when I was fifteen. 這是我15歲時(shí)發(fā)生的事。Thats where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇見(jiàn)她的地方。Thats why he didnt come. 這就是他沒(méi)有來(lái)的緣故。Thats why I object to the plan. 這就是我反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃的原因。Thats where you are wrong. 這就是你不對(duì)的地方。He is no longer what he was. 他已經(jīng)不是以前的他了4 其他連接詞，如as if ,as though, as, like, because等It isnt as if you were going away for ever. 又不是你離開(kāi)不回來(lái)了。Now it was as though she had known Millie for years. 現(xiàn)在好像她認(rèn)識(shí)米莉已有好多年了似的。It is not as though we were poor. 又不是我們家里窮。It is because I love you too much. 那是因?yàn)槲姨珢?ài)你了。Thats because you cant appreciate music. 這是因?yàn)槟悴荒苄蕾p音樂(lè)。It's because I passed a slip of paper for John to Helen in class. 這是因?yàn)槲以谏险n中替約翰傳紙條給海倫。【注意】because 可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但與之同義的since, as, for等也不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。從屬連詞if一般不用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但as if卻可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，能跟表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般為系動(dòng)詞be，seem，look等。如：It looked as if it was going to rain.看起來(lái)天要下雨了。三 注意：A 表語(yǔ)從句一定要用陳述語(yǔ)序。False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B 不可以用if，而用whether 連接表語(yǔ)從句(as if 例外）。False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C 不像賓語(yǔ)從句，在有表語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句時(shí)態(tài)和從句時(shí)態(tài)可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D that在表語(yǔ)從句中不可以省掉。Ereason作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的表語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞要用that而不用why或because.The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk. (這么嚴(yán)重的交通事故完全是由于司機(jī)太粗心，喝酒太多而造成的)F.表語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是advice ,suggestion ,order, request, requirement 等名詞時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)一律用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形。My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. (我的建議就是我們應(yīng)該討論一下這個(gè)問(wèn)題，而不是把它放在一邊) 四表語(yǔ)從句的基本用法 1be+表語(yǔ)從句。2其他連系動(dòng)詞（stay, keep, remain, get, become, seem ，go, look , sound, taste, smell, feel）+表語(yǔ)從句.。如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.問(wèn)題是我們?cè)鯓幽芘轿覀冃枰臇|西。(how 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ)) The scissors are not what I need. 這把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)) It looks as if it is going to rain. (看來(lái)要下雨了) What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。(what在主語(yǔ)從句中作直接賓語(yǔ)， that作為表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，不能省略)That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要對(duì)你講的。(what在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ))That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ))注意： “That is why.”是常用句型， 意為“這就是的原因/因此”， 其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作表語(yǔ)， 該句型通常用于針對(duì)前面已經(jīng)說(shuō)明過(guò)的原因進(jìn)行總結(jié)， 又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，這就是現(xiàn)在這個(gè)老太婆出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne對(duì)老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異，說(shuō)話人對(duì)她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來(lái)進(jìn)行概括)。 That is why I came. 這就是我來(lái)的原因。下面是兩個(gè)與“That is why.”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu)， 它們與“That is why.”結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚： (1)“That is why.”與“That is the reason why.”同義， 只不過(guò)從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上講， “That is the reason why.”中why引導(dǎo)的是個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句， 將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why.”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣， 例如： That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 這就是我不能同意的理由。(2)“That is because.”句型中從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此作表語(yǔ)，這也是個(gè)常用句型， 意為“這就是為什么/因?yàn)椤??！癟hat is because.”與“That is why.”之間的不同在于“That is because.”指原因或理由， “That is why.”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果， 例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他沒(méi)有去看電影， 那是因?yàn)樗脦椭拿妹米鲎鳂I(yè)。(第一句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果， 第二句話說(shuō)明原因)He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看過(guò)那部電影， 因此他昨天晚上沒(méi)有去看。(第一句話說(shuō)明原因，第二句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果)經(jīng)典考題分析:考題1 The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007上海) A. when B. why C. whether D. that答案 D解析 下劃線處之后是包含一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)從句， 如果看不出它是充當(dāng)整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的表語(yǔ)從句將難以把握整個(gè)句子的意思。因此， 應(yīng)選擇可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且不充當(dāng)任何成分的that。考題2 You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (2004) A. why B. where C. what D. how答案 B解析 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)系動(dòng)詞is后的表語(yǔ)從句并在該表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(“disagree”屬于不及物動(dòng)詞， “I disagree”本身是完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu))， 下劃線應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞where， 表語(yǔ)從句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之處、 我不同意的地方”?？碱}3 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? (1999) A. why B. when C. what D. where答案 A解析 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)與系動(dòng)詞is連用的表語(yǔ)從句并在該表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)， 下劃線應(yīng)填入表示“因此”(指因某種原因所造成的結(jié)果)的引導(dǎo)詞why?？碱}4 _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000上海) A. What; why B. That ; what C. What; because D. Why; that答案 A解析 第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在該主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)， 特指她所不理解的事情， 應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個(gè)下劃線處表示“因此”(指因某種原因所造成的后果，由why引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句)而不是“為什么”(指原因、 理由， 由because引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句)， 應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞why?？碱}5 _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春)A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because答案 B解析 第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在該主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)， 特指令校方驕傲的事情， 應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個(gè)下劃線處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句表示原因、 理由， 應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句?？碱}6 Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. (2003北京春)A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited答案 A解析 A選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺(jué)激動(dòng)的事物”； B選項(xiàng)的意思是“我覺(jué)得激動(dòng)的任何事物”； C選項(xiàng)的意思是“我對(duì)它感覺(jué)的方式”； D選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺(jué)激動(dòng)的時(shí)間”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A最適合跟代表“game”的主語(yǔ)that對(duì)應(yīng)， 充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句?；A(chǔ)練習(xí):：I.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空:1He was late for school. That was _he got up late2The reason why he was late for school is _he got up late.3. China isnt _ she used to be4. The question is _ you didnt do that in time. 答案:because ，that ，what ，that項(xiàng)選擇:1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether 6. The reason is _I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger. A. that  B. like C. as    D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. what D. because 10. The reason why he hasnt come is _. A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12. That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. whythat/what的區(qū)別1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is _ we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ . A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be 5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such鞏固練習(xí)1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that_ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A. why B .what C. when D. where 2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _I got wet through. （1998 上海）A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. （06 全國(guó)）A. when B. which C. where D. what4. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?(2003北京春) -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.（2004湖北）A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which答案 DBACCACDDCCBthat/what的區(qū)別 DBAAAC高考練習(xí)ABDAA