八下Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet知識點(diǎn)

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?Section A1. Have you read Little Woman yet? 你讀過小婦人這本書嗎？【解析】現(xiàn)在完成時1)現(xiàn)在完成時的基本句型： 肯定式：主語 + 助動詞have/has + 動詞的過去分詞. 疑問式：助動詞Have/Has + 主語 + 動詞的過去分詞?否定式: 主語 + 助動詞have/has + not + 動詞的過去分詞2)現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法 表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常和副詞already, yet, never, ever ,before ,just等連用。.例：I have finished my homework. I am free(我已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè),對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是很有空) 表示過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài).常與since + 過去的時間點(diǎn)，for + 一段時間，so far 等時間狀語連用。 I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已經(jīng)學(xué)了10多年的英語。(從10年前開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué)) She has swum since half an hour ago.我已經(jīng)游泳了半個小時 (半個小時前已經(jīng)開始游泳,到現(xiàn)在還在游)already/ yet的區(qū)別：a） already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑問句時表示強(qiáng) 調(diào)或加強(qiáng)語氣；yet 用于否定句和疑問句。He has already left here. 他已經(jīng)離開這里了。My teachers havent had breakfast yet. 我的老師們還沒有吃早飯。Have you written to your parents yet? 【2012成都】45. Jack, lets go to see the movie Harry Potter. Oh, I _ it many times. So I dont want to see it. A. have seen B. see C. will see【2012廣】33. Why dont you go to the movie with me, Betty? Because I _ it before. A. saw B. have seen C. see2.Whats it like? 它怎么樣？【解析】某物怎么樣？ Whats +物+like? How+be + 物？ 某人怎么樣？Whats +人+like? 用來提問人的性格 What do / does +人 + look like?用來提問人的外表?！?013黑龍江齊齊哈爾】 What does Anna look like? _. A. Shes kind B. Shes tall C. She likes skating3. Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures. 霧都孤兒 講的是一個小男孩出海并發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個滿是珠寶的小島的故事?！窘馕觥縡ull of 充滿 be full of = be filled with 充滿【2013山東萊蕪】If you read a lot, your life will be full _ pleasure. A. by B. of C .for D. with4. Its about four sisters growing up. 它講述的是四個姐妹的成長故事?！窘馕觥縢row up 長大；成長 I grew up in Beijing.grow into 長大成為 Mary grew into a beautiful girl.5. You should hurry up . 你得快點(diǎn)。【解析】hurry up 趕快；急忙（做某事） (用在口語中，用來催促別人快走）in a hurry匆忙地 hurry to do sth 匆忙去做 hurry off 匆忙離開I'm in a hurry. 我很趕。6. The book report is due in two weeks. 讀書報告兩周后就要到期了?！窘馕?】due adj. 預(yù)期；預(yù)定 , 通常只用作表語。 be due to do sth 預(yù)期做某事 You are due to hand in your composition on Friday afternoon.【解析2】in two weeks “兩周之后”，in意為“在.以后”， “in+一段時間”用在一般將來時的句子中，意為“在.（時間）后”。 He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他將回來?！咀⒁狻浚篴fter 常用在一般過去式的句子中。 He got to Beijing after two hours. 他是兩個下時候到北京的。7. When I first arrived on this island , I had nothing. 當(dāng)我第一次到這個島上的時候，我一無所有。【解析】nothing 沒有什么；沒有東西 用法：（1）不定代詞，意為“什么也沒有，沒有東西”。相當(dāng)于notanything. There is nothing in the fridge. She has nothing to do . (2) 當(dāng)有修飾詞來修飾nothing等不定代詞時，要放在不定代詞后面。 修飾詞可以是形容詞、動詞不定式等。 I want something to drink. I have nothing special to tell you. （3）在英語中，不定代詞有： something anything everything everyone everybody someone anyone somebody anybody no one nothing nobody8. Ive brought back many things I can use food and drink ,tools , knives and guns. 我?guī)Щ卦S多我能用的東西 食物、飲料、工具、刀和槍、【解析】bring 帶來【辨析】fetch/ bring/ take (1)fetch v 去拿來=get 去（某地） 拿來（講話者處） (2)bring (brought, brought) v 帶來從（某地）拿到（講話者處）bring up 養(yǎng)育，養(yǎng)大 bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 給某人帶某物 (3) take v 帶來 從（講話者）拿走 take took taken【短語】 take care 小心 take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，看管 take hold of 握住 take off 脫下 take out 取出take a look 看一看 take away 拿走 take exercise 做運(yùn)動9.Who else is on my island?是誰在我的島上？【解析】else 其他的；別的【辨析】other /else (1)other adj.“別的；其他的” 修飾n. 放名詞前作定語。On the other hand “另一方面”(2) else adj.“別的；其他的” 放疑問詞或不定代詞之后。. What _ do you want to say? . What _ thing do you want? A. other B. others C. else D. till . There is _in his home.A. other nothing B. nothing other C. else nothing D. nothing else 10. I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. 我看見一些食人族正試圖殺死來自一艘破船上的兩個人?！窘馕觥縮ee sb. doing sth 看見某人正在做某事 see sb. do sth 看見某人做了某事【2012黔東南州】When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl _ in it. A. sing B. losing C. sang D. singing 11. How long have they been here? 他們來這里多久了?！窘馕觥縣ave been (in) 待在某地have/has gone to“到某地去”，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，Where is Jim？吉姆在哪里？He has gone to England他去英國了。（尚未回來）have/has been to“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已不在那里了， 后可接次數(shù)，如once，twice，three times等，表示“去過某地幾次”， 也可和 just，never，ever等連用。My father has been to Beijing twice我父親去過北京兩次。have been in表示“在某地呆了多少時間”，常與時間段狀語連用。I have been in Shanghai for three years我到上海已有三年了12. One of them died but the other ran towards my house. 他們中的一個人死了，另一個朝我的房子這邊跑過來了?！窘馕?】the other 另一個詞條含義用法other泛指其他的人、物作形容詞或代詞，其后接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式the other指兩個人或物中的一個通常用于固定短語one. The other .中others泛指另外幾個，其余的是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，在句中作主語、賓語the others 其他東西；其余的人們特指某一范圍的“其他的人或物”another其他的；再一個；另一個只能用于三個或更多的人或物【2013孝感3】22. My family has two dogs. One is white, _ is black.A. otherB. another C. the other D. others【解析2】towards prep. 朝； 向；對著（移向某處，只表方向） go/ walk towards . “ 走向.” drive towards . “ 向.開去“ She was walking towards the town when I met her.【辨析】 towards / to towards 表示“向著某個方向”，沒有“到達(dá)”之意to一般接在come, go, move 等動詞之后，表示“向、往”，有 “到達(dá)”之意。13. I named his Friday because that was the day I met him. 我給他起名叫“星期五”、 因?yàn)槲沂窃冢ㄐ瞧谖澹┠翘煊龅搅怂??！窘馕觥縩ame v 命名 n. 名字；名稱adj. 位于所修飾的名詞之后, “名為.的” = named【2011甘肅】The student _(name) Wang Lin is my example in English learning.14. Would you like something to drink? 你想喝點(diǎn)東西嗎？【解析】Would you like? 1）would like“想要、愿意”，=want意思接近，比want語氣委婉、客氣。后接名詞、代詞賓格或動詞不定式。 其中would是情態(tài)動詞，?？煽s寫為dLucy would like some eggs.露茜想要一些雞蛋。Wed like to watch TV after school.放學(xué)之后，我們想要看電視。2）would like的固定句型 Would you like some ?你想要一些嗎？ 該句型常用于征求對方的意見?？隙ɑ卮鸪Ｓ谩癥es, please.”，否定回答常用“No, thanks.”需要特別注意的是，在該句型中要用some，而不用any，以表示說話人希望得到肯定回答。Would you like some apples?你想要一些蘋果嗎？Yes, please. 是的，我想要。No, thanks. 不，謝謝。Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意去做嗎？ 該句型表示向?qū)Ψ接卸Y貌地提出建議或發(fā)出邀請，其中l(wèi)ike可用love替換。Would you like/ love to play football with me?你想要和我一起踢足球嗎？Yes, Id like / love to. 是的，我非常愿意。Id like/ love to. But Im too busy.我非常愿意，但我太忙了。would like to do sth. 想要做某事； would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做某事。He would like to go out for a walk.他想要出去散步。Our parents would like us to study well.我們的父母想要我們好好學(xué)習(xí)。14. Every time she is in the library , Sally looks at the many books she hasnt read (not read ) yet and she cant wait to read them! 每次在圖書館，當(dāng)薩利看到那些她沒讀過的書的時候，她總是迫不及待地想要去讀它們?！窘馕觥縞ant wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事 wait v 等，等候，等待 waiter n 侍者 wait for 等候 （后接名詞、代詞）Please wait for me at the gate.wait a moment! 等一等 be kept waiting 一直等著 keep sb. waiting make sb. wait 叫人等著。 wait to do sth 等著做某事15. What do you think of them?你覺得它們怎么樣？【解析】What do you think of? 你認(rèn)為怎么樣？【2013江蘇3】 What do you think of the documentary A Bite of China _. It has attracted lots of TV audiences.        A. Enjoy yourself     B. Many thanks C. Pretty good          D. It's hard to say 【拓展】 think of / think about / think over辨析： （1）think of, 固定短語，表示“提到（某人、某物、某事或某主意等），考慮，思考，對.有某種看法”， 后接名詞，代詞、動詞-ing形式。 - What do you think of your Chinese teacher? - I like her very much. (2) think of 表示“思考，考慮，對.有某種看法”時，可以與think about 互換。 What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the movie? (3) think of 表示“相出，想著，想起”時，不可用think about 代替。 I always think of my childhood. (4) think over意為“仔細(xì)考慮，認(rèn)真考慮”，強(qiáng)調(diào)思考的程度比think of/ about深。相當(dāng)于think about. carefully. 其中over是副詞，賓語若是名詞，則可位于over之前或之后；當(dāng)賓語是代詞時，則必須放在over之前。 Think it over before you do it. Its very important for you. You must think it over,Section B.1. When Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family.當(dāng)薩拉還是一個青少年的時候，她常常幾乎所有事情都和她的家人爭吵。 【解析】fight over 為爭吵 fight for + 抽象名詞（事業(yè)、自由、權(quán)利） 等 “為.而斗爭” have a fight with 和.打了一架2. But five years ago , while she was studying abroad in England, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio.但是五年前，當(dāng)她在英國留學(xué)時， 她在收音機(jī)上聽到一首充滿思鄉(xiāng)之情的歌曲?！窘馕?】abroad adv 在國外；到國外 My father often goes abroad.abroad 用法：表示到（在）國外，是一個副詞，前面不加介詞。go abroad 出國 live abroad 住在國外 at home and abroad 在國內(nèi)外【解析2】return = come / go back返回 = give sth back 歸還returen . to . 把.歸還給.Dont forget to return it to the library.【解析3】on the radio 在收音機(jī)里；通過無線廣播 介詞on 表示 “ 以.方式”on the Internet 通過因特網(wǎng)；在網(wǎng)上 on the telephone 通過電話 on TV 通過電視3. She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她開始意識到事實(shí)上她是多么想念他們?！窘馕觥縜ctually 真實(shí)地，事實(shí)上actually 和 in fact 用法的區(qū)別actually adv. (無比較級、最高級)實(shí)際上,事實(shí)上,實(shí)際He looks unpleasant, but actually he is very kind. 他看起來板著面孔,但事實(shí)上很和藹。in fact 相當(dāng)于really, truly No one believed it, but in fact, Mary did pass her exam. 盡管沒有人相信，但實(shí)際上瑪麗確實(shí)考試及格了。 前者通常作狀語，用于書面語，修飾副詞不可單獨(dú)使用。 后者可作狀語或表語，可單獨(dú)使用，既可用于書面也可用于口語中。4. Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music. 從那以后，她成了一名美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂愛好者?！窘馕觥縠ver since 自從以來ever since 作連詞時=since, ever起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用 ,主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時. I havent heard from him since last year. =I havent heard from him ever since last year.5. Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group.現(xiàn)在的很多歌曲是關(guān)于美國現(xiàn)代生活的，例如：金錢和成功的重要性，但它們不屬于一種類型?！窘馕?】 such as “例如，諸如此類的，像那樣的”，相當(dāng)于like或for example such as 后不可列出前面所提過的所有東西。I know four languages, such as Japanese and English. 我懂四種語言，如日語、英語 for example/such as辨析：for example“例如”，一般只以同類事物或人中的“一個”為例，作插入語，用逗號隔開，可置于句首、句中或句末。 【析】for example意為用來舉例說明，有時可作為獨(dú)立語，插在句中， 不影響句子其他部分的語法關(guān)系。 He，for example，is a good student. 例如，他就是個好學(xué)生。 such as“例如”，用來列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子?！疚觥縮uch as用來列舉事物，插在被列舉事物與前面的名詞之間， as 后不可以有逗號，可以與 and so on 連用。 Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像約翰和詹姆斯這樣的男孩都很友好。【解析3】success 成功 succeed v 成功，達(dá)到 success n 成功 successful adj 成功的 successfully adv成功地 succeed in doing sth make a success 取得成功( ) She works very hard ,so she will _ in _ the exam.A. successful; pass B. success ;passing C. succeed; passing D. successful; passing【解析4】belong 屬于； 歸屬【詳解】belong v 屬于 = be owned by belong to +人名（不能用所有格）+代詞賓格（不能用物主代詞） 屬于【注】：belong to不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)或被動形式，其主語常常是物。 Sth belongs to sb = sth is sbs The yellow car belongs to Mr. Smith = The yellow car is Mr. Smiths.6. However， country music brings us back to the “good old days “ when people were kind to each other and trusted one another. 然而， 鄉(xiāng)村音樂把我們帶回人們彼此友好、彼此信任的“美好舊時代”。【解析】be kind to 對友好= be friendly to kind of “有點(diǎn)兒，有幾分”相當(dāng)于a little 或a bit a kind of “一種” all kinds of “各種各樣的” different kinds of“不同種類的”what kind of .的種類(用來詢問事物的類別)7. Hes sold more than 120 million records. 他的唱片銷量已經(jīng)超過1.2億張?！窘馕觥縨illion 一百萬 hundred n 百 hundreds of 數(shù)以百的 thousand n 千 thousands of成千上萬的 million n 百萬 millions of成百萬的【注】：(1)當(dāng)million 前面有具體的數(shù)字時，用單數(shù)形式 (2)當(dāng)million 后與of 連用時用復(fù)數(shù)形式， millions of 是數(shù)百萬的意思，前面不能加數(shù)詞【口訣】：具體的不加s 也不加of，不具體的加s 也加of【記】Three million workers have planted millions of trees【四川廣元】 Guangan is a beautiful city, isnt it? Yes, There are about two _ visitors here every week. A. thousands of B. thousands C. thousand【2013云南中考】 How many people were invited to the meeting? About six _. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of【2013雅安】We planted _ trees last year. A. hundreds of B. hundred of C. five hundreds D. five hundred of【2013烏魯木齊】The number of the cars in our neighborhood is about eight _, and _ of them are new cars. A. hundred; two thirdsB. hundred; two thirds C. Hundreds; two thirds D. hundreds; two third【2013宜賓】“Food Safety” has become one of the hottest topics recently. Yeah, it receives _ Internet hits(點(diǎn)擊) a day. A. thousandsB. thousand of C. thousands of D. ten thousands8. I hope to see him sing live one day! 我希望有一天能現(xiàn)場聽他唱歌！【解析1】hope v 希望(1)hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope _ (see) you again.(2)hope +that 從句 I hope you may succeed (3)I hope so 我希望是這樣 (4)I hope not 我希望不是這樣【注】：不能說 hope sb. to do sth 但可以說 wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事hope/wish辨析:wish一般表示某種強(qiáng)烈而又難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的“愿望”，hope表示的是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)或能達(dá)到的“希望”。 I hope to see you soon. 我希望很快就見到你。 I wish I （be）back home, I dont like this place.【解析2】live 現(xiàn)場直播的；實(shí)況直播的 I hope to see the Olypic Games live in 2016! 我希望2016年能到現(xiàn)場去看奧運(yùn)會。9. The number of records he has sold. 他已售出唱片的數(shù)量。【解析】 the number of the number of 表示“的數(shù)目” ，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)或代詞， 其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)。a number of表示“大量的，許多” ，后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，其后謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。( ) A number of students _ in the dinning hall. Let me count. The number of the students _ about 400. A. are ; is B. is ;are C. are; are10. Where is she from? 她來自哪里？【解析】be from =come from 來自She is from France=She comes from France.【注】be from 構(gòu)成否定句時，在be 后加not;構(gòu)成疑問句時，將be 提起。 come from 構(gòu)成否定句或疑問句時，要借助助動詞do或does.(1)Her pen pal is from China.=Her pen pal _China.(2) My classmate is not from China.=My classmate_China.( ) Li Yan is my friend. She comes _ a small village. A.on B.with C.of D.from11. Have you introduced this singer/ writer to other? 你給其他人介紹過這個歌手/作家嗎？【解析】 introduce v 介紹；引進(jìn) (1) introduce oneself to sb. 向某人作自我介紹 Let me introduce myself to you. (2) introduce A to B.把A介紹給B May I introduce my friend Jim to you? (3) introduce into 引進(jìn) ( ) Hello ,everyone! Please let me _. A. introduce my name B. introduce myself C. to introduce myself D. introduce to myself12. At the end of the day, the bus brought us back to our school. 傍晚的時候，公共汽車帶我們回到了我們的學(xué)校?！窘馕觥?1) in the end =at last =finally 最后，終于 (2) at the end of 在.的結(jié)尾 （反）at the beginning of 在開始 【既可用來表示時間， 也可以用來表示地點(diǎn)】 at the end of the speech 在演講結(jié)束時 at the end of the road 在路的盡頭(3).by the end of 在.結(jié)束時，常與過去完成時連用(had+過去分詞)My father agreed with me _（最后），and bought me a little dog.( ) I tried many times,_ I succeeded. A. on the end B. in the end C. by the end D. at the end單元短語：一、重點(diǎn)短語1. on page 25 在第2 5 頁  2.the back of the book 書的背面 3. hurry up 趕快;匆忙  4. in two weeks 在兩周之內(nèi) 5. go out to sea 出海 6. an island full of treasures  一個滿是寶藏的島嶼7. write about 寫作關(guān)于的內(nèi)容8.finish doing sth. 做完某事9. wait for another ship  等待另一艘船到來 10. learn to do sth. 學(xué)會做某事 11. grow up長大12. a few weeks ago 幾個星期前 13. put down 放下，記下14. not long after that 不久之后  15. run towards sp. 跑向某地 16. use. to do sth. 用來做某事17. bring back to sp.帶回到某地18. the marks of 的印痕19. science fiction 科幻小說 20. cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事 21. a good way to wake up  醒來的一個好辦法 22. leave behind遺忘，留下23. used to do sth. (過去)常常做某事 24. study abroad 在國外學(xué)習(xí) 25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事26. come to realize 開始意識到 27. ever since then 自從那時起28. the southern states of America 美國的南部地區(qū) 29. belong to 屬于  30. be kind to each other 善待彼此31. trust one another 互相信任 32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美33. have been to sp. 去過某地 34. do some research on sth.  對做研究 35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事      37. have nothing 什么也沒有38. enjoy success in享受的成功39. at the end of the day傍晚的時候40.be full of =be filled with 充滿二、重點(diǎn)句型 1. Have you. . yet?  Have you read l ittle Women yet? 你讀過小婦人嗎？  Yes，I have. /N o , I haven t. 是的，我讀過。/ 不，我沒有。 2. Has. yet?  Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? 蒂娜讀過金銀島這本書嗎？  Yes, she has. She thinks i t s fantastic.是的，她讀過。她覺得它很棒。 3. Would you like . ? Would you like something to drink? 你要來點(diǎn)喝的嗎？ 4. I heard. I heard you lost your key. 我聽說你丟鑰匙了。 5. . . . came to realize how much. She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them. 她開始意識到，事實(shí)上她是多么想念他們所有的人。    語法難點(diǎn) 現(xiàn)在完成時：  1.概念： 過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。  2.時間狀語： recently, lately, since, already ,yet ,never ,ever, just, before, so far ,for,in the past few years,  once,twice etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：  have/has + done  4.否定形式：   have/has + not +done.  5.一般疑問句：   把have或has放于句首。 6.反義疑問句： 直接用has /have 進(jìn)行反問 7.與時間段連用時，短暫性動詞應(yīng)改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。 go out-be out      finish-be over    leave -be away from  buy -have    borrow /lend -keep  open -be open  close-be closed   die-dead    start/begin -be on   join-be in /be a member of /be a soldier  become be   make friend -be friend   get up -be up    fall asleep -be asleep  catch a cold  have a cold   reach/get/arrive-stay/be 12