新視野大學(xué)英語3讀寫教程(第三版)u4

The Surprising purpose of travelNo one realizes how beautiful it is to travel until he comes home and rests his headon his old,familiar pillow.Lin Yutang(Chinese writer)Certainly,travel is more than the seeing of sights;it is a change that goes on,deep and permanent,in the ideas of living.Miriam Beard(American historian)4UNIT 4UNITThe Surprising purpose of travelTo talk about the surprising purpose of travelTo understand the text fullyTo apply the phrases and patternsTo master the cause-effect essay writing skillASectionWarming-up Activities Text Study Language Application SummaryWarming-up ActivitiesASection1.Write as many words related to travel as you can.Varieties of travelMeans of transportationTourist attractionsEntertainment activitiesThings to takeWhere to stayOther words about travel Group discussion 2.Try your best to list the reasons that people travel.To have a changeTo experience something new and unfamiliarTo see the world and understand different cultureTo marvel at the wonder of great natureTo escape from a boring lifestyleTo have a thorough relaxationTo broaden ones horizons Group discussion3.Your suggestions to a student who wants to have a trip but doesnt have enough money for it.Plan aheadFind useful informationTravel in groupGo to a less-known placePack necessary things Group discussion1.Why do many people choose to visit Xian?2.Which place are you most interested in when you are visiting Xian?Explain your reasons.Listen to a talk about Xian and discuss the questions.1.Why do many people choose to visit Xian?One of the most ancient cities in China;Its diverse and rich selection of local food;Easily accessible and frequent flights and trains;A reputation all over the world;If you have not been to Xian,you have not been to China.2.Which place are you most interested in when you are visiting Xian?Explain your reasons.I am most interested in visiting the Terracotta Army in Xian:An admirable miracle of the world;The exquisite high technology in Qin Dynasty;A symbol of the long history and brilliant culture of China.A plane disaster Sunday has increased fears among already worried travelers,especially those in Southeast Asia.AirAsia flight QZ8501 _ from radar Sunday while flying from Surabaya,Indonesia to Singapore.The plane was carrying 155 passengers and seven _.All but seven were Indonesian.Three South Koreans were also on the plane alongListen to a short passage concerning aircraft accidents and fill in the missing information.disappeared To be continuedcrewmembers with a passenger each from Britain,France,M a l a y s i a a n d S i n g a p o r e.A i r A s i a i s a _ airline with links to AirAsia Malaysia.Malaysian _has had a difficult 2014.In March,the national _,Malaysia Airlines,had a plane disappear over the Indian Ocean.That plane was carrying 239 passengers and crew from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing,China._ have found no sign of the plane or the people it carried.The planes disappearance _ the world.Listen to a short passage concerning aircraft accidents and fill in the missing information.budget To be continuedair transportation carrier Investigators shocked Several months later,Malaysia Airlines _ another disaster.Flight 17 went down in Ukraine on July 17 after an apparent _ strike.It was traveling from Amsterdam,Holland to Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia at the time.All 298 people on the plane were killed in the _.Many travelers feared flying Malaysian airlines after flights 370 and 17.Now,many travelers are concerned about Air Asia.Listen to a short passage concerning aircraft accidents and fill in the missing information.suffered crash missile Questions Previewing1.Where is Left Bank caf?What features does it have?2.What is Lets Go?Give more information about it.3.What do you know about Machu Picchu?Some Proper Names1.Where is Left Bank caf?What features does it have?The Left Bank caf is located in the village of Saranac Lake on the Left Bank of the River Seine in Paris.It is a favorite meeting place of great artists,writers,and famous intellectuals since the early 20th century.LBC serves authentic French caf-style food,including crpes and tartines,as well as coffee,tea,wines and beers.Some Proper Names2.What is Lets Go?Give more information about it.A world-renowned travel guide series,researched,written,edited,and run entirely by students at Harvard University.It is claimed to be“the student travel guide”aimed at readers“both young and young at heart”.Lets Go was founded in 1960 and is headquartered in Cambridge,Massachusetts,the US.office.Some Proper Names3.What do you know about Machu Picchu?An ancient ruined South American city high up in the Andes mountains in Peru.It was built by the Incas,a Native American people of South America,in about 1500 AD,It has a temple of the sun and many other buildings.It is a popular place for tourists to visit.Some Proper Names Text StudyASectionThe text is _ that tries to illustrate _ why we travel because we need _ for creativity.an exposition the reasons mental refreshmentThe author describes the _ of a typical _ trip.(Para.1)imaginary sceneburdensomeWhy does the author choose the word“burdensome”to describe his imaginary travel?(Para.1)Its 4:15 in the morning,and stolen away a lovely dream;The taxi is late and then lost;I am getting increasing nervous that Run in,stagger through and finally get to My flight is cancelled and According to the author,what does traveling mean?(Para.1)Traveling is a burdensome series of running and waiting,and after countless hours,finally getting there.What does the author mean by“the rest of the journey can feel like a tedious lesson in the ills of modernity.It sucks.”?(Para.2)The author means that the rest of journey isactually very boring.They have to endure and tolerate the terrible experience in the modern world which brings people convenience as well as tediousness as a result of globalization.Journey is not enjoyable any more.Suppose travel is troublesome and sometimes even unpleasant,why do we travel according to the author?(Para.2-4)We travel because we need to.Sometimes our travel is a must because we should attend the business luncheon,because we should celebrate Thanksgiving with mom and because we should see our girlfriend in the 2-year anniversary.We travel because we want to.Owing to the fact that most travel is optional,we just travel following our heart.Only corporate travel,about 30%of trips over50 miles,is truly compulsory.What kind of travel is truly compulsory?(Para.4)The author gives us a vivid description of the imaginary travel experience,including how he struggles to get up in the early morning,how he gets to the flight gate_ and how he finally _ in the airport.Part I (Paras.1-_)4after all trouble gets stuck To be continuedWhat are the benefits of modern aviation?(Para.5)Thanks to modern aviation,we can now move through space at an inhuman speed.We can outrun the sun and move from one hemisphere to another in a single day.What is the irony when people travel to Paris trying to leave all those troubles behind?(Para.5)Their mind is most likely to solve their most stubborn problems while they are sitting in luxury in a Left Bank caf.How does a bit of distance help enhance creativity according to Paragraph 6?(Para.6)A bit of distance helps loosen the cognitive chains that imprison us,making it easier to mingle the new with the old;the mundane is grasped from a slightly more abstract Perspective.(or:Traveling to a new place can make us less controlled by familiar cognitive patterns we used to have.As a result,we can better combine the new with the old in our thinking.)What is the finding of the research?What does the author wants to prove by referring to the example?(Para.6)According to the research,the experience of an exotic culture endows us with a valuable open-mindedness,making it easier to realize that even a trivial thing can have multiple meanings.The author wants to make the realization mentioned in the research clearer and easier to understand.Possible effects?multicultural contrasts (Para.7)Means?open to ambiguity interpret the world in different waysto expand the circumference of their“cognitive inputs”What do we need to do to trigger our creativity?(Para.8)We need to try the difference by changing cultures and experiencing the disorienting diversity of human traditions.Para.8Instead,this renaissance of creativity appears to be a _:We need to change cultures,to experience the disorienting diversity of human traditions.The same facets of foreign travel that are so confusing turn out to _,making us more creative because were less insular.pleasantside effect of differencehave a lasting impactTo be continuedPara.8Were reminded of all that we dont know,which is nearly everything;were surprised by the _.Even in this globalized age,we can still be amazedat _that werent included in the Lets Go guidebook and that certainly dont exist back home.pleasantconstant stream of surprisesall the earthly things What are the drawbacks of travel?(Para.9)l To endure jet lag;l To be lost in somewhere while travelling;l To lose luggage.Travel will change our mind to some extent,which in turn can have effects on everything in our life.What are the secret cornerstones of creativity of travel?(Para.9)What will happen to us after travel?(Para.9)Distance and differences.Part III (Para.9)The author warns us against pretending travel has no _ and that we take great delight in the unpleasantness.The last sentence echoes the view that distance and difference are the _ of creativity.drawbackssecret cornerstonesIt gives us a vivid description of the authors imaginary travel experience,including how he struggles to get up in the early morning,how he gets to the flight gate in the airport.(Para.1)The author puts forward a question and gives two traditional answers to it.We travel because we need to.We travel because we want to.(Para.2-4)The introduction The author takes us to rethink the question:What is the real purpose of travel?(Para.5)The authors own understanding of the real purpose of travel.lExplanation from the perspective of science(Para.6)lTake experienced travelers as an example(Para.7)lWhere this mental flexibility comes from(Para.8)The introductionThe bodyWe travel because we need to,because distance and difference are the secret cornerstones of creativity.(Para.9)The introductionThe bodyThe conclusionThe introduction The bodyThe conclusionThe Surprising Purpose of TravelTravel is _ and sometimes even unpleasant;then what is the driving force behind our travel?We travel because we need to.Sometimes our travel is a _ because we should attend the business luncheon,because we should celebrate Thanksgiving with our mom.We travel because we want to.burdensome To be continuedmustOwing to the fact that most travel is _,we just travel following our heart.Most people travel for the sake of _,but their mind tends to solve the stubborn _ issues while on vacation.What is the real purpose of travel?Travelling to a new place can make us less controlled by familiar cognitive _ that imprison us.As a result,we can better combine the new with the old,the mundane is _ from a slightly more abstract perspective.optionalTo be continuedrelaxation domestic patterns graspedTo _ travelers,multicultural contrast means that they are open to ambiguity and willing to see the world in different ways,thus to expand the _ of their“cognitive inputs”as they refuse to _ their first answers and initial guesses.Of course,that mental flexibility is a side effect of difference and we know what we did not know in the past,by which we become more open-minded and less _.seasoned To be continuedcircumferences settle forinsular Apart from its advantages,travel also has it _,which make us not take great pleasantness.More often than not,we need a _ after our vacation.We travel because we need to,because distance and difference are the _ of creativity.Travel will change our mind to some extent,which in turn can have _ on everything in our life.drawbacksvacationcornerstoneseffects1.be offset by sth.由抵消2.on sale 廉價(jià)出售3.mingle with 與混在一起4.endow with 賦予(天資)5.be open to sth.愿意考慮6.more often than not 往往，多半7.be saturated with 充滿；使飽享由由抵消抵消(salary increase/rising prices)Their salary increase will be offset by rising prices.be offset by sth.短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用他們增加的工資會被上漲的物價(jià)所抵消。意群提示廉價(jià)出售廉價(jià)出售(advertisement/on sale)By reading the advertisement,you may find something you want on sale.on sale 短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用通過閱讀這份廣告，你也許會發(fā)現(xiàn)想要的某件商品正在減價(jià)。意群提示與與混在一起混在一起(to deliver a speech/praise/blame)The president delivered a speech that contained praise mingled with blame.to mingle with短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用校長發(fā)表了一個(gè)褒貶兼蓄的演講。意群提示賦予賦予(天資天資)(devoted supporter/godlike status)The generals devoted supporters endow him with an almost godlike status.to endow with 短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用將軍忠實(shí)的擁護(hù)者們幾乎把他當(dāng)神一樣看待。意群提示愿意考慮愿意考慮(be sure/any comments and suggestions from)Im sure they will be open to any comments and suggestions from everyone.be open to sth.短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用我肯定他們會愿意傾聽大家任何意見和建議。意群提示往往，往往，多半多半(be easily affected/the outside world)More often than not,people are not happy because they are too easily affected by the outside world.more often than not 短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用人們覺得不幸福多半是因?yàn)樗麄兲菀资艿酵饨绲挠绊懥?。意群提示充滿；使飽享充滿；使飽享(powerful and seductive messages/the media)Theyve become thoroughly saturated with powerful and seductive messages from the media.短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用他們從媒體得到了大量煽情誘人的消息。意群提示 be saturated with1.Sb.almost dobeforeand sb.do,remembering that 用于表達(dá)“某人受到暗示或提示后采取的行動”。2.Sb.do sth.because sb.like/dislike to,because.用于表達(dá)“某人喜歡/不喜歡做某事的種種原因”。3.According to research,sth./sb.do,making/leading 用于引證，表達(dá)“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)/結(jié)果表明”。要不是突然看見早已收拾好的行李箱，我?guī)缀跤忠Ｏ肫饋磉€要去機(jī)場，我嘆了口氣。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)I almost return back to sleep before my eye catches my packed suitcase and I groan,remembering that Im going to the airport.(Para.1)句型提煉句型提煉Sb.do sth.before and sb.do sth,remembering that.句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示用于表達(dá)“某人受到暗示或提示后采取的行動”。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用(expecting looks/compete in)典型例句要不是我突然瞥見媽媽期待的神情，我?guī)缀醵家艞壴搱霰荣惲?。想起來還有幾個(gè)比賽，我又一次站了起來。意群提示I almost gave up the game before my eyes caught my moms expecting looks she wore on the face and I stood up again,remembering that I still had more games to compete in.我們旅行是因?yàn)槲覀兿胍ヂ眯校驗(yàn)榈揭粋€(gè)新地方的興奮和激動可以抵消在機(jī)場的各種煩心事。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)We travel because we want to,because the annoyances of the airport are offset by the thrill of being someplace new.(Para.4)句型提煉句型提煉Sb.do sth.because sb.like/dislike to,because.句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示用于表達(dá)“某人喜歡/不喜歡做某事的種種原因或理由”。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用典型例句我網(wǎng)購是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g網(wǎng)購，因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)購可以免去我的腿腳之苦從而節(jié)省精力。(online shopping/save feet)I shop online because I like to,because online shopping can save my feet and energy.有研究指出，體驗(yàn)異國文化可以賦予我們寶貴的開放性思維，使我們更容易明白即使是微不足道的事物也可以有多種意義。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)According to research,the experience of an exotic culture endows us with a valuable open-mindedness,making it easier to realize that even a trivial thing can have multiple meanings.(Para.6)句型提煉句型提煉According to research,sth./sb.do,making it easier to do 句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示用于引證，表達(dá)“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)/結(jié)果表明”。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用(recent survey/doubled/climbing)典型例句根據(jù)最近的調(diào)查，汽車擁有量已經(jīng)在過去的五年時(shí)間里翻了一倍，致使交通事故不斷攀升。意群提示According to a recent survey,the number of car doubled over the past five years,leading to the climbing traffic accidents.我們要想認(rèn)識到旅行在提高創(chuàng)新力方面的價(jià)值，還得再全面考慮其目的。a.If we want to realize the creative benefits of travel,then we have to rethinks its overall purpose.(Para.5,L4)然而，一點(diǎn)的距離就可以幫助我們放松禁錮我們認(rèn)知的鏈條，使新舊思想的結(jié)合更容易，使平淡無奇的事情可從更抽象的角度加以認(rèn)知。b.A bit of distance,however,helps loosen the cognitive chains that imprison us,making it easier to mingle the new with the old;the mundane is grasped from a lightly more abstract perspective.(Para.6,L4)當(dāng)然，這種思維的靈活性不僅僅來自純粹的距離變化，即簡單的經(jīng)緯度的變化。相反，這種創(chuàng)造力的復(fù)興似乎是差異所帶來的副產(chǎn)品。c.Of course,this mental flexibility doesnt come from mere distance,a simple change in latitude and longitude.Instead,this renaissance of creativity appears to be a side effect of difference.(Para.8,L6)d.We travel because we need to,because distance and difference are the secret cornerstones of creativity.(Para.9,L4)我們旅行是因?yàn)槲覀冃枰眯?，因?yàn)榫嚯x與差異是創(chuàng)造力的秘密基石。我們回家后，家還是那個(gè)家，但是我們的思維已經(jīng)有所改變，而這就可以改變一切。e.When we get home,home is still the same.But something in our mind has been changed,and that changes everything.(Para.9,L6)1What is the most useful purpose of travel in your opinion?2Do you agree that cultural difference is the biggest barrier in travel?3Can travel affect our personalities?If so,how?To see new places and meet new friends.To have a break from the routine life.For business.To visit friends and relatives.1.What is the most useful purpose of travel in your opinion?2.Do you agree that cultural difference is the biggest barrier in travel?Yes,I agree.Cultural difference poses a huge problem to travel.If we dont know the language,the customs,and history of the place we are visiting,we will face many embarrassing problems in communicating with the local people and may even violate the taboos in another culture without being aware of it.Im afraid not.Cultural difference is not a problem at all.On the contrary,it can serve as a stimulus to enable us to be more curious about this world and gain a deeper understanding of other cultures as well as our own culture.I think travel can affect our personalities.In most situations,peoples personalities will be more or less changed when travel comes to an end,just as the green and luxuriant plants after a rain.We can see such differences from peoples lively appearance,relaxed spiritual state,cheerful ways of talking,walking,and even smiling.3.Can travel affect our personalities?If so,how?To be continuedNo,I dont think travel can have an effect on our personality.Personality is our whole character and nature and is greatly affected by the environment in which we live.Personality is relatively stable.Maybe during a travel,our personality may change a little since we are in a different environment,but this change is temporary and shouldnt last long.When we come back,we are still in the old environment.Obviously,our personality will regain its old traits just in a couple of days or weeks.3.Can travel affect our personalities?If so,how?How do you understand the following quotes“讀萬卷讀萬卷書不如行萬里路。書不如行萬里路。”and“Travel is fatal to prejudice.and narrow-mindedness ”?This old Chinese saying tells us that travelling is a good way to experience life.Getting ahead in your career is not just about getting good grades or test scores in school.It is also about having real experience with the world beyond your borders experience with languages,cultures and societies very different from your own.To be continued How do you understand the following quotes“讀讀萬卷萬卷書不如行書不如行萬里路。萬里路?！盿nd“Travel is fatal to prejudiceand narrow-mindedness”?But Mark Twain,the famous American writer,believes that travel to foreign places,experiencing new foods,unusual sights,strange sounds and unfamiliar behaviors,not only provides great memories but amazingly,causes changes in our brains and our perceptions.Q:How is the man in the song different from that in the past after he took a travel to the riverside?Watch a video clip and discuss some questions.Video Watching How is the man in the song different from that in the past after he took a travel to the riverside?In the past He was doubling over the load on his shoulders;He was crossing miles of frustrations and rivers;He was picking up stones he found along the way;He staggered and stumbled down pathways and with each step taken his back was breaking.to be continued After the trip He laid his burdens down.His spirit lifted high,he found his freedom now.How is the man in the song different from that in the past after he took a travel to the riverside?Language ApplicationASectionDevelop a cause-and-effect essayThe purpose of cause-and-effect essays is to explain to the reader:(1)the causes of an event or situation;(2)the effects of an event or situation;or(3)both the causes and effects.In this unit,we will focus on the causes of an event or situation.The usual logical pattern we follow when writing such a kind of essay is like this:to be continuedto be continuedDevelop a cause-and-effect essayAn essay o